Question

Scope: Recently your school board proposed moving the school start time from 7:50a.m. to 7:20 a.m. What was your reaction to this?

Jilly Dos Santos: I was getting only four to six hours of sleep a night and I was late for school a lot. With the new start time, I’d have to wake up even earlier. After we heard about the proposal, a teachers said to my class, “If you don’t like it, why don’t you do something about it?”

Scope: What did you do?

Jilly: I organized a group of students to speak to the school board.

Scope: What did you do to prepare for the meeting?

Jilly: I wanted to focus our presentation on why having an earlier start time was unhealthy. There is scientific research about teens and sleep. I learned that during your teen years, because of a change in hormones(激素), your body begins to change. You start to want to go to bed later. School starts the same time it always has, so getting enough sleep becomes difficult. I realized there wasn’t something wrong with my time management or me; the way I was feeling had a physical and biological basis.

Scope: How did it go?

Jilly: About 30 students came to support me, and the board liked that I didn’t get emotional and just provided the evidence. Two months later, an 8:55 a.m. start time became official. The board decided to make the start time later instead of earlier.

Scope: What has changed since the later start time?

Jilly: I don’t need to stay up an extra hour or two at night, because I can get work done in the morning. I’ve also been late a lot less. And this year, there are more morning clubs and more people going to them.

1.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Talking With the School Board? Cheer Up!

B. An Interview on a Proposal

C. A Dialogue between Scope and Jilly

D. Moving the Start Time Earlier? Say No!

2.Jilly’s teacher seemed to encourage the students____

A. to talk with the school board

B. to get their work done in time

C. to voice their opinions bravely

D. to take action to support the proposal

3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

A. Jilly body clock

B. The scientific research

C. The meeting Jilly organized

D. Jilly’s secret for time management

4.How did Jilly succeed in persuading the school board?

A. By showing scientific evidence

B. By putting forward a new proposal

C. By telling different students’ stories

D. By presenting her personal experience

Answer

to voice their opinions bravely C选项☞关键词speak to the school board.

【解析】本文是一篇采访。介绍就某校关于提前上课时间，学生Jilly的看法以及行动。

1.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了某校准备提前上课时间，但学生们对此做法是不赞同的，并准备用一些事实来说明提前上课时间是没有益处的，故标题使用Moving the Start Time Earlier? Say No! （对提前上课时间说不！）合适，故选D。

2.推理判断题。根据Jilly的老师所说的话“If you don’t like it, why don’t you do something about it?”如果你们不喜欢的话，为什么不就此做些事呢？根据下句I organized a group of students to speak to the school board. Jilly组织了一些学生和学校董事会谈这件事，可判断Jilly的老师似乎鼓励学生们勇敢表达自己的想法，故选C。

3.词意猜测题。根据划线单词it所在的句子How did it go?“it”进展的怎么样了？根据下面的回答“大约有30个学生来支持我，学校董事会希望我不会感情用事，只需要我提供证据。”，可知这里it指代的是Jilly组织的会议，故选C。

4.推理判断题。根据文章内容I wanted to focus our presentation on why having an earlier start time was unhealthy. There is scientific research about teens and sleep. 可知Jilly展示提前上课不健康的原因。关于青少年和睡眠有科学研究。可知Jilly通过显示科学证据来成功地说服学校董事会。故选A。

【名师点睛】

推理判断主要的解题策略有：

（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）常见于广告类的文章。3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。

（2）根据用词风格，推断情感态度。一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。如：1）表示褒义的词语：positive赞成的，supporting支持的，praising赞扬的，optimistic乐观的，admiring羡慕的，enthusiastic热情的等；2）表示中性的词语：uninterested无兴趣的，不感兴趣的； neutral中立的；impersonal不带个人感情的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等；3）表示贬义的词语：disgusted感到恶心的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative 否定的，反对的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍让的；worried 担忧的等。

（3）根据写作思路，推断段落发展。不同的文体，写作思路和写作手法也不尽相同。做题时，要善于体会作者的写作思路，揣摩作者的谋篇布局，从宏观上左右文章的结构框架；同时，还要把握作者行文时所运用的修辞手段，如对比、举例、下定义等。通过梳理写作思路，明晰写作手法，即可对文章的发展做出比较科学合理的推断和预测。

（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如：本题中的第4小题：

2.C【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章中Jilly的老师所说的话“If you don’t like it, why don’t you do something about it?”进行推断。

【答案定位】根据文章中Jilly的老师所说的话“If you don’t like it, why don’t you do something about it?” 如果你们不喜欢的话，为什么不就此做些事呢？

【推理关系】题干Jilly’s teacher seemed to encourage the students____☞文章内容“If you don’t like it, why don’t you do something about it?”以及I organized a group of students to speak to the school board.