If you are reading this right now, you are taking part in the wonder of literacy. Because of printed words, people can relay information across both time and space. Much of the credit for this phenomenon can be attributed to one man.
Born in Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg, studied at the University of Erfurt in 1418 and spent much of his young adult life practicing the profession of goldsmithing. In 1439 Gutenberg borrowed money from investors but found himself in financial trouble.
In 1439 the city in which Gutenberg lived was planning to exhibit a large collection of some relics, which was expected to bring many visitors to the town. Gutenberg created many metal mirrors which were to be sold to the visitors. The mirrors probably would have sold well, but due to severe flooding the event was delayed by one year. The investors demanded that Gutenberg return their investments, but he had already spent the money on the mirrors. In order to satisfy the investors, Gutenberg decided to share his secret with them. This secret would forever change the world, all of history, and even the, process of keeping history. He had created the mechanical printing press with movable type.
Gutenberg’s brilliant idea would soon change the world, but he was in financial trouble once again and was accused of mismanaging money. The courts ruled against Gutenberg and Gutenberg lost .the shop he had created.
Before the spread of Gutenberg, s idea, literature was primarily handwritten and thus books were extremely rare and valuable. There was little reason for common people to learn to read or write. Gutenberg’s invention would change all of that. His printing press allowed literature to be produced on a mass scale. His movable metal type could be arranged once to form a page, and his press could print the page again and again.
Though Gutenberg had failed as a businessman, the technologies that he had created spread across Europe rapidly. As these printing technologies and techniques spread, news and books began to travel across Europe much faster than previously possible. The world has not been the same since.
1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word in Paragraph one?
A. referred B. devoted
C. exposed D. owed
2.Why did Gutenberg’s plan to sell mirrors fail?
A. The mirrors were less popular than he had expected.
B. Flooding delayed the event for an entire year.
C. Too many other people had the same idea.
D. Newly invented glass mirrors made his metal mirrors old-fashioned.
3.Which of the following is best supported by evidence from the text?
A. Gutenberg’s idea was a tremendous success that made him incredibly wealthy.
B. Gutenberg’s idea didn’t become popular in his lifetime, but grew very popular after his death.
C. Gutenberg, s idea did not make him rich but spread very quickly.
D. Gutenberg, s idea did not become popular right away but made him incredibly rich over time.
4.Which of the following titles best expresses the main idea of this text?
A. Investing Wisely: Turning Your Good Ideas into Money
B. How to Make Books Using the Gutenberg Method
C. The City of Mainz: Life in Medieval Germany
D. Gutenberg: A Man Who Changed the World
The Beagle Brigade
Return to the United States from a trip abroad, and your luggage will get inspected by the U. S. Department of Agriculture’s Beagle Brigade. Working with human canine officer partners, the beagles sniff out potential threats to American agriculture.
An orange or apple, for example, might harbor a Mediterranean fruit fly. Hams could carry a disease such as hog cholera. These and other pests could destroy farmer’s crops and livestock. “Once we introduce something that is not part of the environment, there may riot be any controls for it in the environment,” notes USDA’s Lisa Davis at the National Dog Detector Training Center in Orlando, Florida. “The best thing for us to do is to prevent it from coming across the border and becoming established. ’’
When a beagle sniffs specific food odors, it signals its partners by sitting. The human officer then investigates. When the dog is right—which happens 90 percent of the time——it gets an edible treat.
“The dog is not out there working,” explains Davis. “It’s out there playing. It’s a game to the dog.” The handlers give the beagles plenty of food and loving. They make sure they get first-class medical attention, too. When the dogs finally retire after 9 to 11 years, the USDA finds caring homes for them. It’s a dog’s life indeed!
How well does the Beagle Brigade do its job? “On average,” notes Davis, “each year our 54 teams prevent around 75,000 prohibited, restricted items.” Since even one infested (为患的) item could cause widespread destruction, that’s a great result for America’s agricultural environment.
1.According to the article, what is a problem with agricultural products brought into the United States by passengers traveling from abroad?
A. They generate similar types of food odors.
B. They are difficult to identify, even with trained dogs.
C. They must be inspected before being allowed to enter the country.
D. They may carry something that could harm the agricultural environment.
2.According to the article, how does the beagle signal that it has found a suspicious food product?
A. By barking at its partner. B. By begging for a treat.
C. By sitting next to the item. D. By playing a game.
3.How is the beagle congratulated for finding a specific food product?
A. The handler praises it with a hug.
B. The beagle gets to play for a few hours.
C. The beagle gets to retire to a caring home.
D. The handler gives it an edible reward.
4.In the article, the author supports the use of the Beagle Brigade by .
A. providing statistics about the number of items detected by the dogs
B. showing that the dogs enjoy discovering prohibited items
C. pointing out that good homes are found for the dogs when they retire
D. praising the fact that the dogs work for a government agency
Position：HR Manager (we need one)
Work Place：Chongqing region
Job Description in Detail：
Main Responsibilities：
1. Compensation & Benefits Management
2. Staff Recruitment for Retail and Office
3. Staff-Training and Development
4. Employee Relationship
Job Activities：
1. HR budget & control
2. Maintain and update salary/C&B System
3. Work with line managers to define the recruitment needs
4. Plan and execute interview process, including candidate interviewing, reference checking and so
5. Individualize staff development plan
6. Employee relationship management
Requirements：
Experience：
1. At least 3-5 years of human resources operational experience.
2. A strong communicator with effective listening, presentation and influencing skills.
3. Ability to quickly understand the business strategy, financial environment and team dynamics and apply the knowledge in selecting and developing talent.
Talent：
1. A team play with strong interpersonal skills.
2. Proficient in English and Chinese.
Please send us your resume in both English and Chinese with a copy of your academic diploma and ID card, a recent photo and expected salary via fax/mail/e - mail.
1.What‘s the purpose of writing this passage?
A. To provide some suggestions on how to apply for a job.
B. To provide some detailed information about a job offer.
C. To provide some guidelines on how ...to find a. new job.
D. To provide some specifics on deciding whether to accept a job offer or not.
2.If you are interested in the job, you must send the following things except .
A. a copy of your academic diploma. B. a recent photo
C. a copy of your ID card D. your resume only in English
3.If you are employed, which of the following are required for you to do?
① organize some training which can improve staff qualities
② organize parties regularly for the staff
③ recruit staff for some departments
④ harmonize the relationship between employees
⑤ pay the staff salaries every month
A. ①②④ B. ①③④
C. ②③⑤ D. ③④⑤
假定你是李华，前不久利用国庆假期与家人外出游玩并入住某国际连锁酒店。下面是酒店的经理Mr.Wayne在最近给你发来征求反馈意见的电子邮件。请根据以下要点写一封回邮：
1.对本次酒店入住体验表示肯定；
2.酒店的免费WiFi只在公共区域提供，而房间WiFi收费过高，希望改进；
3.祝愿酒店越办越好。
Dear Li Hua,
Thank you for your recent stay at Hotel Westin,where you spent your holiday from Oct 1st to Oct 3rd.We would greatly appreciate it if you would take the time to give some feelback on your stay,which will help us to improve our service.
Do you like the facilities of the hotel?
Do you enjoy the food of the hotel restaurant?
Are you satisfied with the service of the hotel staff?
Any other advice?
Thank you for your time.We look forward to welcoming you back to Westin in the near future.
Sincerely,
Bruce Wayne.
洼意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。
Dear Mr.Wayne,
Thank you for your E-mail and I am glad to give feedback on my recent stay at HotelWestin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The sentence from our teachers tell us that we shouldn't be discouraged after failures.Definitely we should keep trying with determine.Success lies in the ability to continue efforts despite failures.
At the age of twelve,I get a nice bike as a birthday gift.So excited was I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding it.Besides,it was harder than expecting.The bike seemed too heavy for me to control and I fell off the bike over and over again.I was about to give up while my father came and encouraged me to keep going.With more practice,I found me doing better and better.Looking back,I feel I would not be able to ride bike if I had lost my heart.
Honest speaking,we can't avoid failing.What matters most is that we should stick to it.
In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of great1.(important).12th-grade students,or seniors,who are about 17 or 18 years old,look forward to2.(attend) this event.
The graduation ceremony itself takes place at the end of May or beginning of June,3.usually includes music, awards,and a guest speaker.After the speeches,students walk to the front of the room to receive their diplomas from the headmaster.Students start preparing for graduation a long time before it4.(happen).They order rings designed 5.(especial) for their class.
6.tradition is to have their photographs taken.These photographs are used for the class year book,which is a 7.(print) book about all the students in the school.Students have special cards called announcements printed to send to friends and relatives to tell them about their graduation.The cards often include an8.(invite) to the ceremony.If you receive it,you should send a present9.money to the graduate.A few weeks before the ceremony, the students10.(measure) for the cap that they will wear at the ceremony.After the ceremony,families usually have graduation parties for friends and relatives.It's a day and a night that high school seniors remember for a long time.
