Question

The key avoiding a cold be as simple as keeping your nose warm with a scarf when you go outside in winter.

Research shows that low temperatures make it harder for the body to fight off the virus that causes half of the colds in adults and almost all colds in children.The finding backs up the popular idea that people are more likely to catch a cold if they feel freezing,perhaps by putting on a coat in winter or going out with wet hair.

The U.S. Researchers looked at how well rhinovirus（鼻病毒）,the biggest cause of the common cold,grew in cells kept at different temperatures.The virus found it easier to breed（繁殖）at 33℃-the sort of temperature typically found inside the nose-than at the 37℃ found deep inside the body.

Researchers also found that the body’s initial immune response（免疫反应）to the cold did not work as well at 33℃,the same temperatures.The virus was followed to cause damage.The experiments were carried out on cells taken from mice,but the result may also be relevant to humans-including the one in five who carry the rhinovirus in their nose at any given time.

Ron Eccles,a leading British expert on the common cold,suggests that those anxious to avoid a cold try taking vitamin D because we tend to be low on it during the winter.

1.Which of the following is more likely to cause a cold?

A. Wrapping a scarf around the nose in winter.    B. Putting on a coat in winter.

C. Going out with wet hair.    D. Taking vitamin

2.What is the percentage of people who carry the rhinovirus in their nose at any given time?

A. 10%.    B. 20%

C. 50%    D. 80%

3.Why does Ron Eccles suggest taking vitamin D in winter to avoid a cold?

A. Because human bodies contain less vitamin D in winter.

B. Because human bodies contain more vitamin D in winter.

C. Because many people avoid taking vitamin D in winter.

D. Because many people favor vitamin D in winter.

4.What can be learned from the text?

A. It is easier for the body to fight off cold virus in low temperatures.

B. The finding may be easily accepted by the public.

C. The typical temperature inside the nose is 37℃.

D. The virus is very likely to do harm at 37℃.

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.B

【解析】这是一篇社会生活类文章。研究发现，低温导致人们对感冒的抵抗力降低。在冬季，保持鼻子温暖可以降低患感冒的可能性。

1.细节理解题。由第一段中的“people are more likely to catch a cold if they feel freezing,perhaps by putting on a coat in winter or going out with wet hair”可知，人们外出的时候湿着头发更容易感冒，故C选项正确。

2.细节理解题。由第三段中的“The experiments were carried out on cells taken from mice,but the result may also be relevant to humans-including the one in five who carry the rhinovirus in their nose at any given time”可知，五分之一的人在任何时候，鼻子中都携带鼻病毒。故B选项正确。

3.细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Ron Eccles,a leading British expert on the common cold,suggests that those anxious to avoid a cold try taking vitamin D because we tend to be low on it during the winter”可知，在冬季，人体内vitamin D的含量低，所以Ron Eccles建议冬天可以吃vitamin D来避免感冒。故A选项正确。

4.推理判断题。由第二段中的“The finding backs up the popular idea that people are more likely to catch a cold if they feel freezing,perhaps by putting on a coat in winter or going out with wet hair”可知，该研究结果支持了人们的普遍观点，所以，这样的研究结果应该很容易被人们接受。B选项正确。

【名师点拨】第四小题中，根据第二段中的“Research shows that low temperatures make it harder for the body to fight off the virus”可知，低温使得人们更难抵御病毒，排除A选项。由第二段中的“The finding backs up the popular idea that people are more likely to catch a cold if they feel freezing,perhaps by putting on a coat in winter or going out with wet hair”可知，该研究结果支持了人们的普遍观点，所以，这样的研究结果应该很容易被人们接受。B选项正确。由第三段中的“The virus found it easier to breed（繁殖）at 33℃-the sort of temperature typically found inside the nose-than at the 37℃ found deep inside the body”可知，鼻子内的温度为33℃，身体内部深处的温度为37℃。故可排除C选项。由第四段中的“Researchers also found that the body’s initial immune response（免疫反应）to the cold did not work as well at 33℃,the same temperatures.The virus was followed to cause damage”可知，病毒在33℃的时候就可能造成危害，不是37℃，故排除D选项。该题提示我们：对于每个选项，同学们都要和原文信息进行比较，看它们所表达的意思是否一致。