Question

Sometimes life trips you up，but knowing how to approach failure can be the first step to success. When author J. K. Bowling addressed the graduating class at Harvard last June，she didn't focus on success. Instead，she spoke about failure. She related a story about a young woman who gave up her dream of writing novels to study something more practical. However，she ended up as an unemployed single mom. But during this hard time，she realized she still had a wonderful daughter，an old typewriter，and an idea that would become the foundation for rebuilding her life.“Perhaps you've heard of Harry Pottery  You might never fail on the scale I did，” Bowling told the audience.“But it is impossible to live without failing at something，unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all. You will never truly know yourself , or the strength of your relationships，until both have been tested by hardships. Such knowledge is a true gift， for it is painfully won，and it has been worth more to me than any qualification I ever earned.”

Lots of Americans are tasting failure for the first time now and immediately trying to spit it out. Whether it's unemployment, or the evaporation(消失)of hard-earned savings, the have-it- all generation suddenly lose everything they own. But in the bitterness that accompanies hardships are lessons worth savoring-and，if you look hard enough，sweet opportunity.

Next，you'll learn how the brain responds to failure and how it can be reprogrammed for success using some simple tricks. You'll also find advice from a successful entrepreneur(企业家)who claims that times like these are actually among the best for launching dreams. But most valuable，you'll meet some ordinary people who were in some tough situations. A few cheered up; others got depressed. But even though their stories are quite different，the outcomes are the same. They all bounced back. And you can too.

As Bowling herself would admit, it doesn't take a wizard(奇才)to do it.

1.We learn from Paragraph 2 that     .

A. college students have never suffered a defeat

B. it is normal for you to fail at something in life

C. if you are very cautious，you can enjoy your life

D. you need a daughter and a typewriter to succeed

2.Which of the following statements would J. K. Bowling agree toy

A. The knowledge we accumulate is a true gift for us.

B. Our experience is more valuable than qualifications.

C. We can understand ourselves better in time of danger.

D. Our bitter experience helps us to realize our strength.

3.The underlined word “savoring" in Paragraph 3 probably means         .

A. learning    B. enjoying

C. experiencing    D. absorbing

4.What did some ordinary people do in some tough situations according to the text

A. They remained in high spirits.    B. They took their fate lying down.

C. They decided to give up and quit.    D. They insisted until succeeded.

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.D

【解析】本文主要讲的是人人都渴望成功，著名小说家J. K.罗琳给我们解读了如何从失败走向成功。人生是不可能不经历失败的，除非你活得 非常谨慎，谨慎到根本就不能算是在生活，当你没有遭遇逆境的时候，你永远不 会真正的了解自己，不知道你在处理人际关系方面的优势。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段“Lots of Americans are tasting failure for the first time now and immediately trying to spit it out. ”所说“人生是不可能不经历失败的，除非你活得 非常谨慎，谨慎到根本就不能算是在生活”可知，人生中遭遇失败是正常的。故选B。

2.推理判断题。根据“ Whether it's unemployment, or the evaporation(消失)of hard-earned savings, the have-it- all generation suddenly lose everything they own. ”可知， ，当你没有遭遇逆境的时候，你永远不 会真正的了解自己，不知道你在处理人际关系方面的优势。可见她认为逆境使人更加了解。故选D。

3.词义猜测题。第三段的最后一句“ But in the bitterness that accompanies hardships are lessons worth savoring-and，if you look hard enough，sweet opportunity.”句意为:但是在伴着灾难的那份苦涩中也有值得我们仔细 品味的地方。句中的savoring相当于experiencing，表示“体验、品味”。故选C。

4.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容“But most valuable，you'll meet some ordinary people who were in some tough situations. A few cheered up; others got depressed. But even though their stories are quite different，the outcomes are the same. ”可知，尽管那些遭遇困境的普通人经历各不相同，但是最后的结果都一样，他们都重新站起来了。也就是说，他们坚持到底，最终都取得了成功。故选D。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题，求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题的题干中一般有infer，suggest，imply，conclude，indicate等标志性词语。如本题的（4）小题。

4. What did some ordinary people do in some tough situations according to the text

A. They remained in high spirits. B. They took their fate lying down.

C. They decided to give up and quit. D. They insisted until succeeded.

可从文章中的“But most valuable，you'll meet some ordinary people who were in some tough situations. A few cheered up; others got depressed. But even though their stories are quite different，the outcomes are the same. ”推理判断得尽管那些遭遇困境的普通人经历各不相同，但是最后的结果都一样，他们都重新站起来了。也就是说，他们坚持到底，最终都取得了成功。