Question

Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient custom which has existed for at least six thousand years.It was always evil and usually foolish,but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern skill has changed this.Either man will stop war,or war will stop man.For the present,it is nuclear weapons that cause the greatest danger,but bacteriological（细菌的）or chemical weapons may,before long,offer an even greater threat.If we succeeded in stopping war,there would be no danger for us.To do this,we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way,not by contests of force,in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in massacre（大屠杀）,but by arbitration（仲裁）in accordance with agreed principles of law.It is not easy to change old mental habits,but this is what must be attempted.

There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology（意识形态）would prevent war.I believe this to be a complete error.All ideologies are based upon beliefs without proof which are,at best,doubtful,and at worst, totally false.Those people who believe them are willing to go to war in support of them.

The movement of world opinion during the past two years has changed very largely such as we can welcome.It has become a common belief that nuclear war must be avoided.Of course,very difficult problems remain in the international world,but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago.It has begun to be thought,even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die,that agreements should be reached even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory.It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between East and West,but between Man and the bomb.

1.The underlined word "this" in Paragraph l probably refers to "      ".

A. abolishing war    B. improving weapons

C. solving international problems    D. living a peaceful life

2.From Paragraph 2,we learn that the author       .

A. is a supporter of some modern thoughts

B. has no doubt about the truth of any thought

C. does not think the adopinon of any thought could stop war

D. believes the adoption of some thoughts could prevent war

3.The last paragraph suggests that      .

A. nuclear war will certainly not take place

B. real agreements have been now reached

C. world opinion is still divided on nuclear war

D. man is beginning to realize that nuclear war is his greatest enemy

4.Which of the following words can best describe the author's feeling in writing this passage?

A. Disappointed.    B. Doubtful.

C. Worried.    D. Hopeful.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.D

【解析】本文讲的是关于核武器的问题，核武器有最大的危险，如果成功的阻止了战争就不会有危险。需要说服人类用新的方式看待国际问题，必须避免核战争，现在重要的冲突不是东西方之间的冲突，而是人与人之间的冲突。

1.词义推断题。根据“If we succeeded in stopping war,there would be no danger for us.To do this,we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way,”，句意：如果我们成功的阻止了战争，我们就不会有危险，要做到这一点，我们需要说服人类以一种新的方式看待国际问题。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据“There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology（意识形态）would prevent war.I believe this to be a complete error.”，句意：有人说，采用这个或那个意识形态可以防止战争。我认为这是一个完全错误的想法。故选C。

3.推理判断题。根据“It has become a common belief that nuclear war must be avoided.Of course,very difficult problems remain in the international world,but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago.”可推断，人们已经意识到核战争是最大的敌人。故选D。

4.细节理解题。根据“ nuclear war must be avoided.Of course,very difficult problems remain in the international world,but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago.”可知，作者希望避免核战争。故选D。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题，求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题的题干中一般有infer，suggest，imply，conclude，indicate等标志性词语。这种题型主要包括细节推断题，态度观点推断题，写作意图推断题，文章出处推断题和猜测想象推断题。如本题的第（3）小题。

3. The last paragraph suggests that .

A. nuclear war will certainly not take place

B. real agreements have been now reached

C. world opinion is still divided on nuclear war

D. man is beginning to realize that nuclear war is his greatest enemy

推理判断题。根据“It has become a common belief that nuclear war must be avoided.Of course,very difficult problems remain in the international world,but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago.”可推断，人们已经意识到核战争是最大的敌人。故选D。