Question

My friend’s grandfather came to America from a farm in Thailand. After arriving in New York, he went into a cafeteria(自助餐厅) in Manhattan to get something to eat. He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order. Of course nobody did. Finally, a woman with a big plate full of food came up to him. She sat down opposite him and told him how a cafeteria worked.

“Start out at that end,” she said, “Just go along the line and choose what you want. At the other end they’ll tell you how much you have to pay.”

“I soon learned that’s how everything works in America,” the grandfather told my friend later, “Life’s a cafeteria here. You can get anything you want as long as you want to pay the price. You can even get success, but you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.”

1.My friend’s grandfather came from ________.

A. ThailandB. ManhattanC. New YorkD. China

2.The grandfather went into a cafeteria to ________.

A. wait for someoneB. get something to eat

C. meet my friendD. buy something

3.The woman in the cafeteria might be ________.

A. a waitressB. a friend of grandpa’s

C. a customerD. an assistant

4.What should we do to get food in a cafeteria?

A. Wait for the waiter.

B. Ask someone for help.

C. Get it ourselves.

D. sit down at an empty table

5.What can we learn from the grandfather’s words about the life in the US?

A. Get up early and you can succeed.

B. Act and get what you want on your own.

C. Nobody brings you anything unless you pay the price.

D. Waiting is very important.

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.B

【解析】

试题分析：文章通过朋友的祖父在自助餐厅学到的东西告诉我们：成功正如在自助餐厅吃饭，不要等着，必须站起来自己去争取。

1. 细节理解题。根据第一段My friend’s grandfather came to America from a farm in Thailand.可知，朋友的祖父来自泰国，故选A。

2. 细节理解题。根据第一段he went into a cafeteria(自助餐厅) in Manhattan to get something to eat.可知，朋友的祖父去自助餐厅吃饭，故选B。

3. 推理判断题。根据第一段Finally, a woman with a big plate full of food came up to him. She sat down opposite him and told him how a cafeteria worked.可知，这位女士端着食物过来，坐在他对面告诉他怎样买食物，故推知这位女士也是自助餐厅的顾客，故选C。

4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Start out at that end,” she said, “Just go along the line and choose what you want.可知，在自助餐厅必须自己去选择想吃的东西。故选C。

5. 推理判断题。根据文章最后You can even get success, but you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.可知，不要等着别人把成功带给你，那样永远也得不到，必须自己站起来亲自去争取。故选B。

考点：考查人生百味类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：

推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

一、常见的推理判断题的考法：

1)推测作者写作目的或意图。

2)推测文章的观点或结论。文章第25小题根据文章最后You can even get success, but you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.可知不要等着别人把成功带给你，那样永远也得不到，必须自己站起来亲自去争取。故选B。

3)推断文章出处。

4)是非判断题。

5)逻辑排序题。

二、推理判断题的解题方法：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。比如文章第23小题根据第一段Finally, a woman with a big plate full of food came up to him. She sat down opposite him and told him how a cafeteria worked.这位女士端着食物过来，坐在他对面告诉他怎样买食物，可知这位女士也是自助餐厅的顾客，故选C. 24小题根据第二段“Start out at that end,” she said, “Just go along the line and choose what you want.可知，在自助餐厅必须自己去选择想吃的东西。故选C。

任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。