Question

Regarded as one of the English language’s most gifted poets, John Keats wrote poetry that concentrated on imagery, human nature, and philosophy. Although Keats didn’t receive much formal literary education, his own studies and passion brought him much success. Additionally, his own life situation influenced his poetry greatly.

Growing up as a young boy in London in a lower middle-class family, the young John didn’t attend a private school, but went to a public one. His teachers and his family’s friends regarded him as an optimistic boy who favored playing and fighting much more than minding his studies. After his father’s death in the early 1800s, followed by his mother’s passing due to tuberculosis (肺结核), he began viewing life differently. He wanted to escape the world and did so by reading anything he could get his hands on.

At around the age of 16, the teenage John Keats began studying under a surgeon so that he too might become a doctor. However, his literary appetite had taken too much of his fancy, especially with his addiction to the poetry of Ehmund Spenser. He was able to have his first full poem published in the Examiner in 1816, entitled O Solitude!If I Must With Thee Dwell. Within two months in 1817, Keats had written an entire volume of poetry, but was sharply criticized by a magazine. However, the negative response didn’t stop his pursuit of rhythm.

John Keats’ next work was Endymion, which was published in May 1818. The story involves a shepherd who falls in love with the moon goddess and leads him on an adventure of one boy’s hope to overcome the limitations of being human. Following Engymion, however, he tried something more narrative-based and wrote Isabella. During this time, John Keats began seeing his limitations in poetry due to his own limit in life experiences. He would have to have the “knowledge” associated with his poems. His next work was Hyperion that would attempt to combine all that he learned. However, a bout (发作) with tuberculosis while visiting Italy would keep him from his work and eventually take his life in 1821.

1.John Keats’ attitude towards life changed because of ________.

A. his early education from school

B. the deaths of his parents

C. Edmund Spenser’s poetry

D. the criticism of a magazine

2.What is the common thing between John Keats and his mother?

A. They read many books.

B. They had a bad childhood.

C. They died of the same disease.

D. They showed strong interest in poetry.

3.What do we know from the passage?

A. Keats received little education at school.

B. Keats once had a chance of becoming a doctor.

C. In 1816 Keats spent two months writing a poem.

D. Endymion was about a real love story.

4.While pursuing his dream of becoming a poet at first, John Keats was ________.

A. determinedB. experiencedC. knowledgeableD. impatient

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了英国诗人John Keats的生平和作品。诗人儿时家庭贫困曾经学医，但对诗歌更有兴趣。父母的相继去世，改变了诗人的人生态度，从此一改不爱读书的习惯，躲进书堆逃避世界。1816年出版处女诗作。1817年出版诗集，但是受到一家杂志的尖锐批评，但他没有放弃对诗歌的执着。在意识到自己生活经历限制了自己诗歌创作之后，诗人原本在下一部作品中将诗歌与“知识”集合起来，但是英年早逝，于1821年离世。

1. 细节推理题。根据第二段After his father’s death in the early 1800s, followed by his mother’s passing due to tuberculosis (肺结核), he began viewing life differently. 可知，诗人在父母相继离世后开始改变对生活的看法。故选B。

2. 细节推理题。根据followed by his mother’s passing due to tuberculosis (肺结核)和文章最后一句a bout (发作) with tuberculosis … eventually take his life in 1821可知，诗人与母亲死于相同疾病。故选C。

3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话At around the age of 16, the teenage John Keats began studying under a surgeon so that he too might become a doctor.可知，诗人16岁时曾师从一位外科医生，B项正确；原文第一段说的是诗人没有受过文学方面的正规教育（Keats didn’t receive much formal literary education）而非“学校教育有限），A项错误；1817年诗人用了不到两个月写出诗集，而非1816年，C项错误；Endymion是一首神话诗歌（love with the moon goddess）而非真实爱情故事，D项错误。故选B。

4. 推理判断题。从第三段最后一句However, the negative response didn’t stop his pursuit of rhythm 可知，尖锐的批评没有使诗人放弃对诗歌的执着。determined“意志坚定的”，故选A。

考点：考查人物故事类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：

推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

一、常见的推理判断题的考法：

1)推测作者写作目的或意图。

2)推测文章的观点或结论。文章第41小题从第三段最后一句However, the negative response didn’t stop his pursuit of rhythm 可知，尖锐的批评没有时诗人放弃对诗歌是执着。determined: 意志坚定的，故选A.

3)推断文章出处。

4)是非判断题。

5)逻辑排序题。

二、推理判断题的解题方法：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。比如文章第40小题由第三段第一句话At around the age of 16,the teenage John Keats began studying under a surgeon so that he too might become a doctor. 可知诗人16岁时曾师从一位外科医生。B项正确；原文第一段说的是诗人没有受过文学方面的正规教育（Keats didn’t receive much formal literary education）而非“学校教育有限），A项错误；1817年诗人用了不到两个月写出诗集，而非1816年，C项错误；Endymion是一首神话诗歌（love with the moon goddess）而非真实爱情故事，D项错误。故选B.

任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。