Question

Albert Hofmann was a Swiss Scientist who was fascinated by nature. This led him to a career in chemistry in which he sought answers to his uncertainties. He worked at Sandoz Laboratories where he nurtured his research work, and there he made a lot of success by working with various plants and changing them into something useful. He became famous when he became the first person to produce lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (迷幻药). In addition, he was also the first person to taste it and learn about its hallucinogenic (勾起幻觉的) effects. He was deeply connected to the nature and argued that LSD, besides being useful for psychiatry(精神病学), could also be used to promote awareness of mankind’s place in nature. However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment. Because of his discovery, LSD fans have fondly called him “The father of LSD”. Besides carrying out his scientific experiments, he also authored numerous books and more than 100 scientific articles. In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses(天才), published by The Telegraph Newspaper.

Childhood & Early Life

Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906. He was the eldest of four children. His father was a poor toolmaker in a factory and they lived in a rented apartment. He spent much of his childhood outdoors, and grew up with a very deep connection with nature.

He had mind-blowing experiences in childhood, wherein nature was changed in magical ways that he didn’t understand. These experiences caused questions in his mind, and chemistry was the scientific field which allowed him to understand them.

He studied chemistry at Zurich University, and his main interest is the chemistry of plants and animals. At 23, he earned his Ph. D with honors.

1.What led Albert Hofmann to a career in chemistry?

A. His nature.        B. His father. C. His family.  D. His interest.

2.It’s likely that Albert Hofmann produced LSD in __________.

A. Baden B. a factory   C. Sandoz Laboratories   D. Zurich University

3.From the passage, we know the discovery of LSD __________.

A. was being wrongly used      

B. was not useful for psychiatry

C. made Albert Hofmann surprised 

D. could change mankind’s place in nature

4.Which can be inferred about Albert from the passage?

A. He has four brothers or sisters.

B. He has found many useful plants.

C. He lived up to more than 100 years.

D. He only concentrated on scientific experiments.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.A

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：文章介绍了著名科学家Albert Hofmann的生平及对人类作出的巨大贡献。

1.D细节推理题。根据第一段Albert Hofmann was a Swiss Scientist who was fascinated by nature. This led him to a career in chemistry in which he sought answers to his uncertainties.可知他对自然的浓厚兴趣开始了他的化学生涯。故选D.

2.C细节推理题。根据第一段He worked at Sandoz Laboratories where he nurtured his research work, and there he made a lot of success by working with various plants and changing them into something useful. He became famous when he became the first person to produce lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (迷幻药).可知在Sandoz Laboratories生产出了LSD，故选C.

3.A推理判断题。根据However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment.可知LSD被一些人故意错用成娱乐药品，故选A.

4.题。根据Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906.和In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses可知Albert Hofmann到2007年还活着，已经100多岁了。故选C.

考点：考查人物故事类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：

推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

一、常见的推理判断题的考法：

1)推测作者写作目的或意图。

2)推测文章的观点或结论。文章第27小题根据However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment.可知LSD被一些人故意错用成娱乐药品，故选A.

3)推断文章出处。

4)是非判断题。

5)逻辑排序题。

二、推理判断题的解题方法 ：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。比如文章第28小题根据Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906.和In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses可知Albert Hofmann到2007年还活着，已经100多岁了。故选C.

任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。