Question

French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant— giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.

Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.

“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.

The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. Such injuries are “extremely difficult, if not impossible” to repair using normal surgical techniques, the statement said.

The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.

The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard, a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants.

Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity to foreign tissue.

Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality.

There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.

Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral（道德的）and ethical(伦理的) issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.

1.The best title for the passage would be ________.

A. First Face Transplant Opens Debate

B. French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant

C. A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman

D. Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant

2.Which of the following is NOT one of the risks of the operation?

A. Heart damage.

B. Organ rejection

C. Block of blood vessels.

D. Side effect of the drugs.

3.What can we learn about the operation?

A. There has arisen a debate about the operation.

B. The woman had used the dead woman' s whole face.

C. The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.

D. Such transplants have been performed by doctors.

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.A

【解析】

试题分析：文章介绍了世界上第一次面部部分移植手术以及这个手术会带来的危害和引起的辩论。

1. 主旨大意题。根据文章的内容和第一段的句子French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant—giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.可知，文章介绍了一位法国女性接受了第一次面部部分移植手术。故选B。

2. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.可知，这个手术的危险有：器官排异；血管的堵塞；药物的副作用。但是没有提到对心脏的损害。故选A。

3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral（道德的）and ethical(伦理的)issues.可知，手术已引起了辩论。故选A。

【名师点睛】

弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。4.部分移植手术。故选B。

考点：考查说明文阅读