Have you ever considered why you begin yawning too when you see someone yawn? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons (神经元）in our brains.
Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how, we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to ( for example: “The hand took hold of the ball” ) , the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information regarding how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物）for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does — well, perhaps you'll understand why.
1.Mirror neurons can explain _____
A. why we smile when we see someone else smile
B. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late
C. why we cry when we are hurt
D. why we cough when we suffer from a cold
2.The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means “_____’’.
A. built up B. broken up
C. set off D. cut off
3.We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _____.
A. determine our knowledge and language abilities
B. control human physical actions and feelings
C. result in bad behavior and social disorders
D. relate to human behavior and interaction
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to find mirror neurons.
B. Problems of mirror neurons.
C. Functions of mirror neurons.
D. Existence of mirror neurons.
“Let’s have a journey. Why not fly out and meet me, Dad?” I say one day.
My father had just retired after 27 years as a manager for IBM. His job filled his day, his thoughts, and his life. While he woke up and took a warm shower, I screamed under a freezing waterfall in Peru. While he tied a tie and put on the same Swiss watch, I rowed a boat across Lake of the Ozarks.
My father sees me drifting aimlessly, nothing to show for my 33 years but a passport full of funny stamps. He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.
He agrees to travel with me through the national parks. We meet four weeks later in Rapid City.
“What's our first stop？” asks my father.
“What time is it？”
“Still don't have a watch？”
Less than an hour away is Mount Rushmore. As he stares up at the four Presidents carved in granite(花岗岩), his mouth and eyes open slowly, like those of a little boy.
“Unbelievable,” he says. “How was this done？”
A film in the information center shows sculptor Gutzon Borglum devoted 14 years to the sculpture and then left the final touches to his son.
We stare up and I ask myself, “Would I ever devote my life to anything？”
No directions, no goals. I always used to hear those words in my father's voice. Now I hear them in my own.
The next day we’re at Yellowstone National Park, where we have a picnic.
“Did you ever travel with your dad？” I ask.
“Only once,” he says. “I never spoke much with my father. We loved each other — but never said it. Whatever he could give me, he gave.”
That last sentence — it’s probably the same thing I’d say about my father. And what I’d want my child to say about me.
In Glacier National Park, my father says, “I've never seen water so blue.” I have, in several places of the world. I can keep traveling, I realize — and maybe a regular job won't be as dull as I feared.
Weeks after our trip, I call my father.
“The photos from the trip are wonderful,” he says. “We've got to take another trip like that sometime.”
I tell him I've decided to settle down, and I'm wearing a watch.
1.We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the father _____.
A. was a very fashionable manager
B. was unhappy with the author's lifestyle
C. got bored with his job so he retired
D. liked the author's collection of stamps
2.What does the author realize at Mount Rushmore?
A. He should pursue a specific aim in life.
B. He should learn sculpture in the future.
C. His father is as innocent as a little boy.
D. His father is interested in sculpture.
3.From the underlined paragraph, we can see that the author _____．
A. wants his children to learn from their grandfather
B. hopes to give whatever he can to his father
C. learns how to communicate with his father
D. comes to understand what parental love means
4.What could be inferred about the author and his father from the end of the story?
A. They decide to learn photography together.
B. They begin to change their attitudes to life.
C. The call solves their disagreements.
D. The Swiss watch has drawn them closer.
假如你是第一中学学生李华，你的美国笔友约翰来信询问雅安地震情况，并表达了要去灾区当志愿者的愿望。请你回信，内容主要包括：
1. 伤亡情况： 死约200人，伤逾万人。
2. 救援人员： 军队，当地政府及民众。
3. 婉言劝止并说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 相关词汇：rescue 救援 the trapped 被困人员
Dear John,
Thank you very much for your concern over the earthquake in Ya’an, Sichuan Province.
Yours
Li Hua
短文改错
下面这篇文章中共有10出错误，每句最多有两处错，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加： 在缺词处家一个漏字符号∧在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。
修改：在错词下花以横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
One cold winter day in 1900, a small boy calling Charlie Chaplin is walking along the street in London.She went to a restaurant straightly. He wanted to buy some bread, and he didn't have any money. His father dead when he was very young. His mother was often very sick, so she could not take care of Charlie or his brother. All of them had to work to help their sick mother. He was a small boy but his dream was not very big. He wanted to be great man in the world of film. So he worked very hard to sing and danced well.
阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（不多于三个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。
Zhou Yang wants to be a journalist, so he asks advice from a senior editor. The following are their dialogues.
Zhou: How to work in a team?
Editor: Firstly, you should work as an1.(assist) then you can cover a story and submit the article yourself. Besides, you’ll have professional photographers with you to take photographers.
Zhou: How to get an accurate story ?
Editor: You need to be curious and ask as many different questions 2. you can. What’s more, you must do research to keep yourself 3. (inform)of the 4.(miss) parts of the story. Don’t miss your deadline ,don’t be rude, don’t talk 5. much, but make sure you listen 6. the interviewee carefully.
Zhou: How to protect a story from accusation?
Editor: 7. the interviewee agrees, you can use a 8. (record) to get the facts straight, 9. can offer the evidence 10. (support) your story.
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Little John invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s , she said she would go. This be the first time that his classmates and teacher his mother and he felt of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar that nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to why or how she got the scar.
At the meeting, the people were by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother the scar, but the little boy was still embarrassed and himself from everyone. He did, however, get within of a conversation between his mother and his teacher.
The teacher asked , “How did you get the scar on your face?”
The mother replied, “ my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was afraid to go in because the fire was , so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She the burned side of her face. “This scar will be , but to this day, I have never what I did.”
At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great of the sacrifice（牺牲） that his mother had made for him. He held her hand for the rest of the day.
1.A. enjoyment B. disappointmentC. surprise D. excitement
2.A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. must
3.A. noticed B. greeted C. acceptedD. met
4.A. sickB. ashamedC. afraidD. tired
5.A. includedB. passedC. covered D. shaded
6.A. talk about B. think aboutC. care aboutD. hear about
7.A. impressed B. surprisedC. excitedD. comforted[x
8.A. in sight of B. by means ofC. by way of D. in spite of
9.A. hidB. protectedC. separatedD. escaped
10.A. understanding B. remindingC. hearingD. learning
11.A. carefully B. seriouslyC. nervously D. anxiously
12.A. AsB. WhenC. Since D. While
13.A. soB. much C. quite D. too
14.A. out of controlB. under controlC. in controlD. over control
15.A. helpless B. hopeless C. senseless D. useless
16.A. pointed B. showedC. wipedD. touched
17.A. uglyB. lasting C. seriousD. frightening
18.A. forgot B. recognizedC. considered D. regretted
19.A. honor B. senseC. happinessD. pride
20.A. quietlyB. slightlyC. tightly D. Suddenly
