Question

We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

So, you have to give a speech and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank Goodness, it’s over. I’m just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

Cheep up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads, and don’t talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.

1.The main idea of this article is ________ .

A．that you can improve your speaking ability

B．that a poor speaker can never change

C．to always make a short speech

D．that it is hard to make a speech

2.Paragraph 2 implies that ________ .

A．many people don’t prepare for a speech

B．many people are happy to give a speech

C．many people are afraid of giving a speech

D．many people talk too long

3.The phrase “talk over their heads” means ________ .

A．speak too loudly

B．look at the ceiling

C．look down upon them 

D．use words and ideas that are too difficult

4.All of the following statements are TRUE except ________ .

A．few people know how to make good speeches

B．a lecturer does not need to organize his speech

C．research is important in preparing a speech

D．there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：我们在人生当中，都会遇到演讲的时候，但是，大多数人的演讲并不够好。作者给出了一些做好演讲的建议。演讲要做好准备，紧扣主题，尊重观众，注意场合等。1.1】A主旨大意题。根据文章的大意，可知作者介绍了许多的做好演讲的建议，因此演讲能力可以得到提高的，故答案为A。

2.2】C 推理判断题。第二段主要是讲人们做演讲时的种种问题导致他们不敢演讲，故答案为C

3.3】D 词义猜测题。根据前后句的意思，后一句是不要看低他们，因此前一句肯定是不要看高他们，结合这篇文章的意思也就是不要用过难的词语和想法，故答案为D。

4.4】B细节理解题。根据第三段Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow.可知，选项B的说法是错误的，符合题意。

【名师点睛】

猜词悟义。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。

①抓住所需推断词汇前后的“mean”或系动词或破折号等直接定义该词的部分。

②抓住文章主旨与该段所表达的中心。特别对于议论文要牢记论点与论据的相互支撑关系。

考点：说明文阅读