短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有2处，涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:此行缺一个词在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出改正后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Exercise can have a surprised number of benefits. It is important way to keep fit. Not only can it help you achieve beneficial weight loss, and every time you exercise, it helps to reduce the risk of disease more efficiently. By exercising regular, you look better and feel more confident, which have a positive effect on both physical and mental well-being. While you exercise, especially in some challenging sports, you often work as a member of a team. In this way, it also teaches us how to work with others.
A healthy, fit brain means you can answer questions more quickly, think more clearly and developed a better memory. Have a healthy brain is useful for no matter what point you are at in your life. For these reasons, we students should take exercises.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everything that is alive needs energy. All animals get the energy they need from food. People are animals. Think about the human body as an 1.(amaze) machine. It can do all kinds of things for us. Food is the fuel 2. helps keep the machine 3.(run).
Plants use sunlight to make their own food. Animals are not able to do that. Some animals eat plants. Some animals eat other animals as meat. Some animals, like people, eat both plants 4. animals.
Since plants make their own food using sunlight, the sun’s energy is found in plants. The sun’s energy is very strong. It loses a lot of its 5.(strong) by the time it goes into a plant.
When we eat plants, we get 6.(much) of the sun’s energy than when we eat animals. That’s 7. it is good to eat fruits and vegetables. When an animal eats a plant, it gets less energy. The animal also used its energy 8.(find) the plant to eat. When a second animal eats the first animal, it gets even less energy than the first animal got. 9. second animal used a lot of energy to chase the first animal.
Like a car that has to10.(fill) with gasoline, living things have to eat again and again. Instead of gasoline, living things use food as fuel.
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
You’ve probably seen blind people walking with their trusted and gentle four-legged guides-or “seeing-eye” dogs. The ________ trained dogs serve as eyes for people who can’t see, making it ________ for them to lead independent lives. ________ what you probably didn’t know is that about 80 years ago, a doctor and his patient discovered this entirely ________!
Many people were killed or injured during World WarⅠ. Near the end of that war, Dr. Gerhard Stalling and his ________ walked with a patient—a German soldier who had been ________-around hospital grounds in Germany.
While they were walking, the doctor was ________ away. The dog and the soldier stayed outside. A few moments later, when the doctor returned, the dog and the soldier were ________! Searching the paths worriedly, Dr. Stalling made an astonishing ________. His pet had led the soldier ________ around the hospital grounds. And together the two ________ peacefully back toward the doctor.
________ by what his dog could do, Dr Stalling set up the first ________ in the world to train dogs as guides. Dorothy Eustis, an American woman ________ as a dog trainer for the International Red Cross in Switzerland, was ________ to study the way Stalling trained dogs and spent several months in his school. She came away so impressed that she wrote a(an) ________ about it for the Saturday Evening Post in America.
A blind American man, Morris Frank, ________ the article and he wrote to Dorothy Eustis and asked that she ________ a dog for him. Dorothy Eustis took up the ________, and trained a dog, Buddy. She brought Frank over to Switzerland to join her in the training ________. Frank went back to the United States with what many believe to be America’s first guide dog in 1928.
1.A. speciallyB. regularlyC. naturallyD. generally
2.A. possibleB. complexC. necessaryD. proper
3.A. SoB. ButC. AndD. Or
4.A. in timeB. by accidentC. by forceD. in turn
5.A. horseB. assistantC. nurseD. dog
6.A. abandonedB. admiredC. blindedD. protected
7.A. givenB. keptC. calledD. sent
8.A. goneB. lostC. asleepD. alone
9.A. fortuneB. mistakeC. discoveryD. decision
10.A. unwillinglyB. safelyC. immediatelyD. gratefully
11.A. ranB. droveC. flewD. walked
12.A. InspiredB. AmusedC. PuzzledD. Required
13.A. hospitalB. schoolC. factoryD. hotel
14.A. workingB. growingC. dressingD. coming
15.A. nervousB. carefulC. tiredD. curious
16.A. letterB. bookC. articleD. introduction
17.A. laughed atB. learned fromC. paid forD. heard about
18.A. feedB. buyC. raiseD. train
19.A. advantageB. offerC. challengeD. invitation
20.A. situationB. processC. competitionD. preparation
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the greatest biologists the world has ever seen was Charles Darwin. Darwin was born to a middle-class family in Shrewsbury, England, in February, 1809. His father was the leading doctor of the town.
1. He loved to walk through the woods looking at plants and birds. At the proper age, he was admitted into Shrewsbury School. There he studied Latin, classical literature, and ancient history. Young Charles thought that these subjects were dull and useless. He would have preferred scientific studies. 2.
In 1825, at the age of sixteen, Darwin was sent to Scotland to study medicine. He studied there for two years and continued to do poorly. He once wrote to his sister that his medical courses were completely stupid. By then, Darwin’s father knew that his son would never become a doctor.
Darwin’s father then sent him to Cambridge to become a clergyman (牧师). During his Cambridge years, Darwin loved to collect beetles(甲虫), but to him it was only a hobby. He didn’t take it seriously. 3. That was Professor John Henslow, the head of the Botany Department.
Somehow, Darwin managed to graduate from Cambridge in 1831. Upon graduation, Professor Henslow arranged for him to go with Captain Fitzroy on a survey trip around the world. During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones, and insects. He took many notes on all that he observed. 4.
The widely believed theory in those days was that God created each creature separately and individually. In 1859, Darwin published his famous book, The Origin of Species. 5. The theory was instantly and very strongly attacked. Darwin was accused of destroying religion and insulting (侮辱) the human race. Today, however, Darwin’s theory is considered to be one of the major discoveries of modern science.
A. As a result, he did poorly.
B. One person at Cambridge, however, did.
C. As a boy, Darwin showed a great interest in living things.
D. In it, he explained his theory of evolution by natural selection.
E. Shrewsbury was a busy market town surrounded by rich farmlands.
F. The thoughts that led to his theory of evolution were beginning to form.
G. By the time Darwin died in 1882, he was recognized as one of England's greatest scientists.
Life is not easy in senior high school. You’ve got the pressure of studies and exams.
From time to time, you may feel depressed and frustrated. When depression strikes, you have to take measures to fight it. One of the strangest ways to fight depression is to eat salt, scientists have found.
Salt acts as a natural anti-depressant (抗抑郁剂), researchers say. While too much can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease, not enough can cause “psychological(心理的) depressions”, a study has reported.
The study, by researchers at the University of Iowa in the US, discovered that when rats are deficient in salt, they don’t do activities they normally enjoy.
The recommended daily salt intake for an adult is four grams, although experts say the body needs only half as much.
However, most adults in the developed world consume（消耗）around ten grams a day, mainly because their diets contain high salt amounts. Today, 77 percent of US salt intake comes from processed and restaurant foods, like frozen dinners and fast food.
The minerals in salt are required by the body—in small quantities—to help move liquid in and out of cells. But too much can cause diseases, for example high blood pressure.
Today scientists are finding that salt is an addictive substance—almost like a drug.
One sign of addiction is using a substance even when it’s known to be harmful. Many people are told to eat less salt due to health concerns, but they have trouble doing so because they like the taste and find low-salt foods tasteless.
Humans have a long history of eating salt. In the Stone Age, people didn’t need to find salt, because they hunted most of their food, and ate a lot of red meat, which has plenty of salt in it. But when people began to farm, about 10,000 BC, they started to eat mainly grains like rice and wheat, and very little meat. Then they had to find another way to get salt.
1.What does the underlined word "deficient" in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. enoughB. far from enough
C. more than enoughD. plenty
2.The major role of salt is to ________.
A. help the body work well
B. help fight against depression
D. help people get rid of an addiction to drugs
D. help people enjoy sugary substances
3.Which of the following statements is true?
A. People have trouble reducing salt because they don't know it is harmful to eat too much of it.
B. Before 10,000 BC, human beings did not need salt.
C. The richer the country is, the more salt is eaten there.
D. Taking more than 4 grams of salt a day can be harmful for an adult's health.
4.What kind of food should people eat more of?
A. Frozen foodB. Fast food
C. Red meatD. Low-salt food
To the mom I used to be:
Two years ago, you were happy and whole. You had a plan for life — start a new business, get involved in the Parent-teacher Association, teach your sons how to ride bicycles, spend as much time with your friends and parents as possible, watch your children mature and grow old with your husband. You were a “glass half full” person who often felt so much joy. You always looked forward, smiled and danced.
Two years ago, on December 14, 2012, the world changed and you changed with it. Disturbed young men with access to high-powered guns went to your sons’ school and killed six educators and twenty first-graders. Your eldest son Jake survived, but was changed by the day he discovered some monsters are real. He describes it as the day “when evils came to my school.” Your youngest son, Dylan, whom you thought of as a pure love, with his charming eyes and infectious giggle(微笑)，was killed. Shot multiple times, he died instantly in the arms of his special-education assistant who also died while trying to protect him.
The tragedy changed all your life, not only because of losing your child, but because of the hole inside you that can never be filled. Your eldest son has been forced to grow up too fast because of the loss of his brother. The pain has altered the lines on your husband’s face. The way you look at the world has changed. Your interactions with friends and family seem foreign.
… …
But the things have moved on with hopefulness. You are now someone far more realistic. You control your feelings because you fear if you really let it out, you would never recover. It would destroy you. You know what you should do is try everything to protect more children. You’re fighting a good fight, what the whole society really needs.
With love,
Nicole Hockley, Dylan’s mom
1.Saying a "glass half full" person, the author means she ________.
A. was once an optimistic mom
B. was always a very busy mom
C. was living a life to the fullest
D. got drunk with half a glass of beer
2.The letter tends to indicate that Dylan ________.
A. might have some mental disability
B. has become childish since his teacher died
C. should have been protected from being killed
D. was then studying in the same class as his brother
3.Which can best describe Dylan's mom's attitude towards life today?
A. Negative.B. Positive.C. Hopeless.D. Depressed.
4.The author writes the letter mainly to ________.
A. tell herself not to forget the bitterly painful past
B. praise the educators' brave deeds in time of danger
C. tell the readers how the shooting has changed her family
D. describe the bad effects of school violence on students
