Question

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Weighing the Options

Making decisions when shopping is often a tough call. Even if you’re satisfied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices, until literally dropped dead?

Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles. “Maximizers” like to take their time and weigh a wide range of options—sometimes every possible one—before choosing. “Satisficers” would rather be fast than thorough.

16. __________ So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can’t make a decision until after they’ve examined every option to make sure that they’re making the best possible choice. Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June. They found that the maximizers landed better jobs. 17. _________

“The maximizer is kicking himself because he can’t examine every option and at some point had to just pick something,” they say. “Maximizers make good decisions and end up feeling bad about them. 18. _________

Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers. Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, their research found.

Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision-making.

19. ________ For instance, if you’re picking a restaurant for a lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your options.

Once you’ve arrived at a decision, stick with it. 20. __________ To limit the number of options you can set a time limit for decision-making. Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value—but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decision, and there are only these bags you can consider, you’ll save time. You’ll be happier with your decision, too.

A. The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning.

B. Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good.

C. First of all, decrease your range of options.

D. Comparing is often a must when you make a decision.

E. Maximizers are people who want the best.

F. Just accept that no decision is ever completely perfect.

G. Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs.

Answer

1.E

2.G

3.B

4.C

5.F

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述如何权衡选择。第一段引出文章中心，并说明做选择是件很难的事情；第二段根据人们如何做选择，将人们分成两类——maximizers和satisficers；第三段至第五段进行maximizers和satisficers，并进行对比；第六段至第八段说明如何在选择时减少时间、经历的浪费，给出两个具体方向。

1. 段首空（非首段），需关注上一段内容和本段下文。上一段将做决定的人分为两类——maximizers和satisficers。根据本段后一句的they，说明所填句子必须包含某类人群，符合的选项有A（maximizers），E（satisficers）；再根据后一句中的making the best possible choice，可知与E选项want the best 语义相符。

2. 段尾空，需关注本段上文和下一段内容。根据“重点名词一致”原则，前一句重点提到jobs，选项中名词一致的只有 G（salaries，jobs）；且选项中代词 their 指代前一句中的maximizers。下一段开头也在探讨maximizers。

3. 段尾空，需关注本段上文和下一段内容，两段在进行 maximizers 和satisficers的对比；且根据空前一句：maximizers做出最佳选择，但不开心；以及下一 段段首句：satisficers 也有高标准，但比 maximizers 更开心；应选择 B项“satisficers做出好的选择，并且最终感觉很好。”

4. 段首空，需关注上一段内容和本段下文。上一段说我们在面对选择时，如何避免浪费时间精力，因此此处需要具体做法；再根据下文for instance可知，本段为总分结构，且该句中的narrow your options与C中的decrease your range of options语义一致。故选C。

5. 段中空，需关注本段上下文。前一句“一旦作出决定，就要坚持不变”；后一句“为了限制选项数目，可以设定一个抉择的时间。”say所在句为举例，but之后是重点，强调在限定的时间内迅速做出选择，而非最合适或最完美的选择。故选F。另外两项也可用排除法，D中的comparing与原文内容无关；A中的the other与前文不能形成正确的逻辑搭配。

【名师点睛】

七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。196.

考点：考查对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握