Question

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.1.Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2.As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3.

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4. To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

5. For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A．It all depends on your character.

B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D．Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

Answer

1.F

2.C

3.A

4.E

5.G

【解析】

试题分析：文章从科学上对追求冒险和刺激进行了解释。冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关，当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时，人们就会采取冒险行为。

1.F 考查上下文的理解判断能力。前一句提到了when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.(当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险似乎是值得的。)，而后一句说Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.（我们中的一些人喜欢惊险和恐惧的活动），故空格处应该与前面形成转折，故F项“然而，并不是所有人都使用同样的参考标准来权衡风险和回报”符合语境，故选F。

2.】C 考查上下文的理解判断能力。hunting, fighting，or exploring（狩猎、战斗和探索）等活动是生存的必要条件，C项中的those是对这些活动的指代，故选C。

3.前一句So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.可知，你可能喜欢赛车，也可能讨厌赛车，这完全依赖你的性格，故选A。

4.】E 考查上下文的理解判断能力。E项中的when与“your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years”中的teenage years对应，故选E。

5.G考查上下文的理解判断能力。根据后文a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.可知，本段讲述的是大脑与冒险行为的关系，故选G。

考点：考查对文章的整体理解和上下文逻辑关系的把握。

【名师点睛】

在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。比如：这篇文章的第36小题，前一句提到了 “weigh the risk and the reward”，F项“然而，并不是所有人都使用同样的参考标准来权衡风险和回报”符合语境，故选F。

另外，做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。比如：文章第40小题，前一句提到了when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.(当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险似乎是值得的。)，而后一句说Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.（我们中的一些人喜欢惊险和恐惧的活动），故空格处应该与前面形成转折，故F项“然而，并不是所有人都使用同样的参考标准来权衡风险和回报”符合语境，故选F。