阅读理解。
Ever wonder how this season’s celebrations affect the environment? Guest blogger Krista Fairles takes an amusing look at this very topic:
The holidays are a wonderful, cheerful time when most people wait for Santa to bring them presents. But I’m not like most people. I spend my time wondering just what the environmental impacts of Santa Claus and his reindeer are, and more importantly, how I can calculate those impacts.
Lately I’ve been particularly curious as to whether Santa’s old sled is a clean green flying machine, or if he should be replacing his 8 reindeer with an environmentally-friendly car.
I should mention that, surprisingly, I was unable to find statistics specific to Santa’s magical flying reindeer, so these calculations use numbers from various sources and may not represent actual pollution caused by Santa and his animals. In other words, don’t complain to the government about the damage Santa is causing the environment based on this article.
Santa’s yearly trip around the globe is 44,000km long, twice the average of a North American driver. If we assume that the magic provides the altitude for this trip, then reindeer power only needs to push Santa’s sled forward. To complete the trip in 12 hours, I estimate they must travel at a speed of about 3100km/h. To travel at this speed, for this length of time, the reindeer need to eat an incredible 980 million calories each!!
So the next question is: how much food is in 980 million calories? Well, if they’re eating corn, they’d need to eat 16,500 lbs each — or 1.6 acres of food. Growing 12.8 acres of corn has its own implications for the environment that we’ll leave for another calculation.
We now need to consider that during the global trip the reindeer are “letting out” some of that corn in the form of methane (甲烷，沼气). A resting cow produces 110 kg of methane per year, so flying reindeer would each let out about 4.8 tons. With methane causing 20 times the global warming damage of CO2, and the altitude increasing that damage by 1000% that another 20 times, we can put Santa’s round-trip emissions at 15,488 tons. This is much more than the 100 tons an environmentally-friendly car would release on the same trip!
Bad Santa.
1. Which aspect does the writer NOT include in her analyses about reindeer’s influence on environment?
A. Distance covered. B. Calories consumed.
C. Tons of waste let out. D. Money spent on food.
2.According to Paragraph 6, how many acres of corn would Santa need to feed 10 reindeer?
A. 1.6. B. 16.
C. 12.8. D. 128.
3.Which of the following statements would the writer most probably agree with?
A. Christmas celebrations are really a waste of money.
B. Vegetarians are more likely to survive than meat-eaters.
C. Raising animals has a negative influence on environment.
D. The car industry does less harm to environment than farming.
4.Which of the following words best describes the language style of the passage?
A. Humourous and concerned. B. Cheerful and friendly.
C. Academic and formal. D. Serious and boring.
5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. Is Santa driving clean and green?
B. Santa, watch where you’re going!
C. Santa Claus is coming to town!
D. Let’s reduce waste on Christmas celebrations!
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it. The word “huh?” is in worldwide use, a study found.
Researchers discovered that languages spoken in countries from Ghana and Laos to Iceland and Italy all include “huh?”, or something that sounds very like it. They said that while the study may sound silly, the word is an absolutely necessary part of speech. Without it and similar words, it would be impossible to show that we haven’t heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings.
But while other words used in the same context, such as “sorry” or “what”, vary widely across languages, “huh?” remains unchanged.
The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world, including Siwu, which is spoken in Ghana, and an Australian Aboriginal language, as well as Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Mandarin Chinese.
They analysed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated. All contained a version of “huh?”. The word was also found in another 21 languages. While there were subtle differences in each country, all sounded basically the same.
This is surprising because normally unrelated languages will use very different words to describe the same thing. For instance, the Japanese for “dog” is “inu”, while the French is “chien”. It is thought that languages around the world have developed their own version of “huh?” because the sound is quick and simple to form, as well as being easily understood.
The researchers, said that it might seem unimportant to carry out scientific research into a word like “huh?” but in fact this little word is an essential tool in human communication. They also have an answer for those who claim that “huh?” isn’t a word. They say that it qualifies because of the small differences in its pronunciation in different languages. It also can be considered a word because it’s something we learn to say, rather than a grunt or cry that we are born knowing how to make.
1.According to researchers, the word “huh?” is very important in speech because of ________.
A. its stable meaning in language development
B. its important function in communication
C. its simple and easy sound and spelling
D. its popularity in every language
2.What is the natural response if you hear the lady you’re speaking to say “huh?”?
A. You should ask her to repeat what she says before that.
B. You should apologize to her for speaking in a low voice.
C. You should invite her to share her different views politely.
D. You should try to repeat what you’ve just said in a clearer way.
3.The main method used in the research of “huh?” was ________.
A. interviewing language experts in universities
B. talking with people from ten different countries
C. analyzing the recorded conversations in different languages
D. comparing different words with the same meaning in different languages
4.According to researchers, “huh?” should be considered a word rather than a sound because ________.
A. it is listed in most dictionaries
B. it is something humans learn to say
C. there is a clear and consistent spelling of the word
D. there is a big difference in the way it pronounces in different languages
5.What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To inform readers about research on the worldwide used word “huh?”.
B. To argue that “huh?” is the most important word in every language.
C. To entertain readers by relating similar idioms in different languages.
D. To instruct readers of the differences of “huh?” in different languages.
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am a junior in high school. There is a lady at my school 1. job is to hand out call slips(借书单)and prevent students from leaving campus 2._ permission. Before today I had never seen her smile. The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her3. (walk) around. When she came 4. (close) to us I could see that she was crying. She pulled out a tissue and quickly wiped her eyes. I thought to myself that this lady is so under—appreciated(未被赏识的) and needs recognizing for all her hard work. So I 5.（write） a note telling her that the students appreciated everything she did and 6._her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our lives. I signed it “some thankful students” and slipped it into 7._envelope. Then I realized I didn’t even know her name. I asked all of my professors but no one knew her name I finally went to ask the lady at student services and 8. (tell) that her name was Kathy. I brought her a bunch of 9.(color) sunflowers and taped the envelope to it. I brought the flowers to school and left 10.in her office. She came into my third period class shortly afterwards to deliver a call slip, and there it was a smile on her face！
“Paul must have been trying to carry his waste paper to garbage can and dropped a few pieces.” I______picking them up. _______later I found more pieces. No quiet sighing this time. I _____ ,“Who is throwing garbage?” No answer. Instead, I saw more bits of paper silently floating______from upstairs. Looking up, 
I saw my seven-year-old son, Paul.
“Stop making a mess.” “It’s not a mess. They’re______ .” “Sorry, what did you say?” I hadn’t heard him clearly.
He didn’t answer me. Paul has autism (自闭症) and_______answers a question, especially when he’s _______attentively on something else. He ran down the stairs. “Where are my other butterflies?” he asked,_______around. Every time Paul _______five or more words together, my heart says a _______of thanks. But lately he seems to _______that the benefits of forming complete sentences when communicating are________of the effort.
Butterflies. Of course. I rushed to_______them from the garbage,_______them off and handed them to my young artist. “Want to see them________again?” he asked with a shy smile. “Oh yes! They’re beautiful.” I whispered. He ran back upstairs to float his _____ down again. They really did look like beautiful butterflies.
That day Paul _______me to look up at ______instead of down at garbage. How many other masterpieces (杰作) do I miss because I’m too caught up in my _______to take time to appreciate what’s right in front of me? Life is not what happens to us. It’s ______we look at it. Now, I look up.
1.A. laughed B. sighed C. amazed D. shouted
2.A. Days B. Years C. Moments D. Weeks
3.A. called out B. turned up C. got in D. added to
4.A. up B. down C. away D. off
5.A. planes B. papers C. leaves D. butterflies
6.A. rarely B. frequently C. willingly D. eagerly
7.A. devoted B. depended C. focused D. addicted
8.A. showing B. looking C. playing D. drawing
9.A. spells B. puts C. pushes D. accumulates
10.A. sound B. remark C. report D. prayer
11.A. refuse B. hear C. mind D. realize
12.A. worthy B. aware C. fond D. typical
13.A. hide B. destroy C. rescue D. remove
14.A. tore B. dusted C. cut D. seized
15.A. throw B. flow C. land D. fly
16.A. masterpieces B. schoolwork C. inventions D. imagination
17.A. reminded B. forced C. intended D. permitted
18.A. mistakes B. weaknesses C. beauty D. scenery
19.A. amusement B. housework C. communication D. homework
20.A. when B. whether C. where D. how
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的English Readers周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：
1. 该刊的优点：语言完美，内容新鲜，图文并茂；
2. 你的建议：刊登名人故事，指导英语学习。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：刊登 carry
Dear Sir or Madam,
Congratulations on the tenth anniversary of English Readers! ________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
I hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My grandpa has a lifelong friends and they are very close. Unfortunate, one day doctors said Grandpa’s friend had cancer. Grandpa quickly pointed out that there were still time for them to doing the things they had always wanted. Grandpa’s friend had always wanted to tour the world, so Grandpa had suggested they went on a world tour cruise together. At firstly, other friends tried to talk them out of it, and when they explained that it was a lifetime’s ambition, everyone wished them well. The funny thing was that when they came back from a cruise, the doctors announced that Grandpa’s friend had fully recovered his cancer.
