Question

Tristan da Cunha, a 38–square–mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest, St. Helena, and I,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.

Coming in a close second–and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land–is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.

The mountainous 64–square–mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.

On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利领土). They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day.

1.It can be learned from the text that the island of Tristan da Cunha ________.

A. was named after its discoverer

B. got its name from Holland settlers

C. was named by the British government

D. got its name from the Guinness Book of Records

2.Which of the following is most famous for moai?

A. Tristan da Cuha.          B. Pitcairn Island.

C. Easter Island.            D. St. Helena.

3.Which country does Easter Island belong to?

A. Britain.     B. Holland.     C. Portugal.      D. Chile.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

【解析】

试题分析：文章介绍了Tristan da Cunha岛和Easter Island的一些地理情况及名字的由来及隶属情况。

1. 细节推理题。根据第一段第三句 “Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506…”,可知，这个岛屿名字是以岛屿发现者的名字来命名的。故选A。

2. 细节推理题。根据第二段尤其是第三段第二句“They had no connection with ... giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous. ”可知, Easter Island （复活节岛）上有1,000 个巨大的人物石像，这些石像叫做moai，故选C。

3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory.”中的On Easter Sunday; gave the island its name ; the Chilean territory可以推断Easter Island(复活岛)属于Chile (智利)。故选D。

考点：考查地理历史类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的解题方法：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第23小题根据最后一段 “On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory.”中的On Easter Sunday; gave the island its name ; the Chilean territory可以推断Easter Island(复活岛)属于Chile (智利)。故选D.

任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。