Question

Chokwe Selassie, aged 13, is working hard to help drivers avoid potholes(坑洼). The eighth-grader was inspired to kick off his creation on a recent morning, when his mother was driving him to school. Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.

Chokwe developed the app with his friends Rodriguez Ratliff and Emmanuel Brooks. When the app detects a pothole, it is highlighted in red. And if you get close to the pothole, your phone will warn you with a beep. Drivers can also use the app to report any potholes and look for other routes they can take to avoid roads that have them.

The app relies on current available information about the streets of Jackson, already stored in a database of the city’s 311 call system. Through the call system, citizens dial 3-1-1 to report non-emergency problems which include potholes. Chokwe and his friends determined that focusing on the 10 busiest streets in Jackson would give them a large enough sample size to test the prototype.

While developing the app, the boys took part in a Minority Male Makers Program sponsored by Verizon and held at Jackson State University. They learned 3D printing and design, and how to create apps. Through the program Chokwe and his friends received encouragement and guidance.

Although the app isn’t yet available for sale, Chokwe is already looking for ways to improve the app. He hopes to add more to it until it spreads all over the country.

1.Why is the car damage mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. To scold the road builders.

B. To introduce their bad luck.

C. To tell the inspiration for the app.

D. To warn the danger of careless driving.

2.What is the app used to do?

A. Warn drivers about potholes.

B. Help drivers obey traffic rules.

C. Stop drivers using mobile phones.

D. Tell drivers to avoid red lights.

3.How does the app work through the 311 call system?

A. By replying to citizens’ calls.

B. By broadcasting traffic accidents.

C. By settling non- emergency problems.

D. By using its information about potholes.

4.Which can be Chokwe’s future target?

A. Encouraging more kids to create apps.

B. Taking part in more learning programs.

C. Making the app available for sale online.

D. Making the app include streets nationwide.

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.D

4.D

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了一个美国少年在一次妈妈开车送他到学校的过程中，因为路面有一个大坑，致使他们的汽车损坏，而产生了研发检测路面有坑洼的app。现在这个app已经储存有Jackson街道的路面坑洼的信息，未来他希望添加全国道路的信息。

1.1】C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段后两句Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.可知，在第一段提到汽车受损是为了告诉读者检测路面有坑洼的APP的灵感。故选C。

2.2】A 细节理解题。根据第二段三、四句if you get close to the pothole, your phone will warn you with a beep（如果你靠近坑洼，你的电话会警告你一声。）Drivers can also use the app to report any potholes and look for other routes they can take to avoid roads that have them.（司机也可以使用应用程序来报告任何坑洼，寻找他们可以采取的其他路线，以避免他们走的道路。）可知，选A。

3.3】D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句The app relies on current available information about the streets of Jackson, already stored in a database of the city’s 311 call system. Through the call system, citizens dial 3-1-1 to report non-emergency problems which include potholes.（该程序依赖当前可利用的关于Jackson街道的信息，信息已存储在城市的311呼叫系统的数据库中，通过这个呼叫系统，人们拨打311来报告非紧急问题，其中包括路面坑洼的问题。）可知，故选D。

4.4】D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句He hopes to add more to it until it spreads all over the country.（他希望往里增填更多的信息，直到它遍布全国各地。）D. Making the app include streets nationwide.中的nationwide（全国范围的）是关键词，它和文中的spreads all over the country是同义，故选D。

【名师点拨】

推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。比如，5.1】C推理判断题。根据文章第一段后两句Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city.可知，在第一段提到汽车受损是为了告诉读者检测路面有坑洼的APP的灵感。故选C。

考点：考查科普类阅读