Question

从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Danger-junkie orangutans(猩猩) in Borneo climb dead trees and shake then until they begin to fall. They scream with excitement as they cling to the falling tree. Just before the tree hits the ground the orangutans leap to another tree or vine, narrowly escaping death. While no one cab ask orangutans if they enjoy it as a person playing an extreme sport, one animal behaviorist sees this monkey fun as a bit of harmless thrill-seeking.

A growing number of scientists agree that animals are conscious and capable of experiencing basic emotions(情感), such as happiness, sadness, boredom or depression. A few scientists even see the possibility for higher animal emotions like love, jealousy and spite.

Five years ago, behaviorist and animal-rights activist Dr. Jonathan Balcombe stood on a Virginia hotel balcony watching two crows intimately groom (清洁) each other in the comfort of an abandoned billboard. He felt that the birds liked what they were doing, even if engaged in a natural, beneficial act, such as picking parasites (寄生虫) off the other’s feathers. That moment changed the way he would view animals forever and led to a book, “Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good”, which is filled with hundreds of examples of animals living it up thanks to developed senses of touch, taste, sight, sound and smell.

Balcombe recounts a favorite example of Kenyan hippos (河马) having high-end spa treatment in a fresh water spring. They splay their toes, open their mouths wide and wait for a school of cleaner fish to remove parasites and slough off dead skin, he recalls. Balcombe knows that the hippos and the fish both benefit from this arrangement. “My interpretation is that it is also enjoyable for them ,” he says.

1.Danger-junkie orangutans shook the tree to ________.

A. get some fruits                 B. enjoy themselves

C. train their escaping skills     D. frighten other animals

2.The purpose of the first paragraph is to ________.

A. describe an unusual scene among animals

B. give an example that animals can experience pleasure

C. make a comparison between monkeys with humans

D. show that animals can avoid danger

3.The passage leads us to the belief that _____.

A. animals can experience emotions

B. animals have a way to adapt to their environment

C. animals can copy what humans do

D. animals are only eat-or-be-eaten beasts

4.We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A. only a few animals have emotions

B. Balcombe’s theory is not supported by other scientists

C. Balcombe has watched a lot of animals showing emotions

D. Balcombe can understand animal language

Answer

1.B

2.B

3.A

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了大自然中的动物能够体验基本的情感并表现出来。

1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句While no one cab ask orangutans if they enjoy it as a person playing an extreme sport, one animal behaviorist sees this monkey fun as a bit of harmless thrill-seeking.可知，猩猩摇晃树的行为就像人类寻求极限运动一样，是在玩耍，故B正确。

2. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的意思可知，动物能够体验基本的情感。可看出第一段的目的是给出动物体验快乐的例子。故选B。

3. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段和最后一段所给的例子，可看出文章想让我们相信动物之间也是有情感的。故正确答案为A。

4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Balcombe recounts a favorite example of Kenyan hippos (河马) having high-end spa treatment in a fresh water spring.可知，Balcombe详述最喜欢的动物显示情感的案例，因此Balcombe一定看过很多动物显示情感。故选C。

考点：考查科普类阅读

【名师点睛】

关于推理判断题

推理题是在掌握文章大意基础上看出作者的“言外之意”(between the lines)。这既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，有些推断题要从文章结构的角度进行分析，才能推断出正确答案。因此，阅读时不仅要注重词、句的理解，而且还要分析语篇的组织结构。这类试题常以如下句式发问：

What can you infer/learn/conclude from the passage?

What’s the author’s attitude toward...?

What does the passage suggest?

The author in this passage intends to __________.

答推理题时，一般无法直接从文中找到答案，但绝不可凭空猜测，也要找到答题依据。要通过文章主旨、字里行间或文中例子进行推断，通过含有感情色彩或描述情景的词句来领会作者的态度或语气，有的题也可根据常识理解来推断。但无论怎样，推理判断要以作者态度为准，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。如本文的第31小题31.5.4】We can conclude from the passage that ___.

A. only a few animals have emotions.

B. Balcombe’s theory is not supported by other scientists

C. Balcombe has watched a lot of animals showing emotions

D. Balcombe can understand animal language根据最后一段第一句Balcombe recounts a favorite example of Kenyan hippos (河马) having high-end spa treatment in a fresh water spring.可知，Balcombe讲述最喜欢的动物显示情感的案例，因此Balcombe一定看过很多动物显示情感。故选C。

做这类题时一定要注意：准确把握字里行间的意思，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的观点。特别注意表达情感（如最后一段第一句的favorite一词）、态度和观点的词语。