Question

Grammar is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as the “rules” of a language; but in fact no language has rules. If we use the word “rules”, we suggest that somebody created the rules first and then spoke the language, like a new game. But languages did not start like that. Languages started by people making sounds which evolved (逐渐发展成) into words, phrases and sentences. No commonly-spoken language is fixed. All languages change over time. What we call “grammar” is simply a reflection (反映) of a language at a particular time.

Do we need to study grammar to learn a language? The short answer is “no”. Very many people in the world speak their own, native language without having studied its grammar. Children start to speak before they even know the word“grammar”. But if you are serious about learning a foreign language, the long answer is “yes, grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and more efficiently.” It’s important to think of grammar as something that can help you, like a friend. When you understand the grammar (or system) of a language, you can understand many things yourself, without having to ask a teacher or look in a book.

So think of grammar as something good, something positive, something that you can use to find your way---like a signpost(路标) or a map.

Except invented languages like Esperanto（世界语）. And if Esperanto were widely spoken, its rules would soon be very different.

1.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Grammar is the system of a language.

B. Someone created the grammar first and then people learn the language according to it.

C. Language’s developing and forming is a long-term process (过程).

D. There is no language staying the same all the time.

2.What is the author’s attitude towards grammar learning?

A. He is against grammar learning.

B. He is in favor of grammar learning.

C. His attitude is objective(客观的).

D. His attitude is unknown to us.

3.Which of the following is CORRECT according to the last paragraph?

A． Esperanto is widely spoken.

B． Esperanto is different from other languages because its rules are fixed.

C． Esperanto is different from other languages because its rules came out before this language.

D． Esperanto is very easy to learn.

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.C

【解析】

试题分析:本篇文章主要讲述学习语言并不一定要学习语法。但是如果学习了语法却有利于更好地学习语言。

1.B推理判断题。根据第一段Grammar is the system of a language.可知答案A为正确的；Languages started by people making sounds which evolved (逐渐发展成) into words, phrases and sentences.可知答案C、D是正确的。故选B。

2.C作者态度题。根据第二段Do we need to study grammar to learn a language? The short answer is “no”.与But if you are serious about learning a foreign language, the long answer is “yes, grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and more efficiently.” 可知对不同的需求来说，答案也不同。故选C。

3.C。细节理解题。And if Esperanto were widely spoken, its rules would soon be very different.如果世界语被广泛使用，它的规则很快就会不同。因为世界语的语法在世界语形成前就有了，所以才会发现不同。故选C。

考点：考查科普类短文阅读

【名师点睛】

科普类的阅读理解一般为介绍科学知识、社会知识的文章。阅读这类短文时，要以文章事实为中心进行思考。

答题技巧：

1. 加强整体意识，把握文章的主要内容。给重要的句子和关键词做上记号，特别是各段中心句，可以更快捷的答题。 比如第21题：推理判断题。根据第一段Grammar is the system of a language.可知答案A为正确的；Languages started by people making sounds which evolved (逐渐发展成) into words, phrases and sentences.可知答案C、D是正确的。故选B。把重点定位到段落或是句子上，就会发现答案。

2. 审清题干，弄清楚问题的要点，从文章对应处寻找答案。

3. 基于文章内容，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。比如第23题:细节理解题。And if Esperanto were widely spoken, its rules would soon be very different.如果世界语被广泛使用，它的规则很快就会不同。因为世界语的语法在世界语形成前就有了，所以才会发现不同。故选C。