The term “Industry 4.0” refers to the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution was the production of goods with machines like steam engines, which was followed by the second industrial revolution that introduced mass production with the help of electric power, followed by the digital revolution —the use of electronics and IT in production.
Industry 4.0 is a high-tech project, which promotes the computerization of manufacturing (制造业). The basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting machines, work pieces and systems, we are creating intelligent networks along the entire value chain that can control each other automatically. The goal is the Smart Factory, which adapts well and uses resources efficiently as well as linking customers and business partners with great intelligence. Technological bases are the Internet systems and advanced factories. Experts believe that Industry 4.0 could be a reality in about 10 to 20 years.
So, what effects does this change have on the classic manufacturing? According to an expert, “it is highly likely that the world of production will become more and more networked until everything is connected with everything else.” Networks and processes have so far been limited to one factory. But in the time of Industry 4.0, the boundaries (界限) of individual factories will most likely no longer exist. Instead, they will be lifted in order to inter-connect multiple factories or even geographical regions.
How is an Industry 4.0 factory different from a today’s factory? In current industry environment, providing high-end quality service or product with the least cost is the key to success. Factories are trying to increase their profit as much as possible. In the time of Industry 4.0, various data sources are available to provide worthwhile information about different aspects of the factory. Using data for understanding the current condition and checking faults and failures is a natural thing. The sharing of information around the clock and around the globe will enable these connected systems to manage themselves independently, work more efficiently and identify any errors quickly.
The good news is that Europe is much better prepared for the Industry 4.0 revolution than one might think. Europe will position itself as a pioneer in the fourth revolution. Industry 4.0 is a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government. Meanwhile, in the U.S., some companies are also working hard on it. But the success of industry depends on whether business and politics can work together. It’s not only politics that needs to help open the door for Industry 4.0. Every company is advised to seize the new digital opportunities.
1.What marks the coming of Industry 4.0?
A. Steam engines. B. Mass production.
C. Intelligent networks. D. Use of electronics.
2.Industry 4.0 will probably result in ________ in the world of manufacturing.
A. everything connected with everything else
B. production limited to an individual factory
C. networks and processes no longer existing
D. classic factories stopping their competition
3.What’s the meaning of the underlined part in Para. 4?
A. Sharing information of the world time.
B. Global news broadcast at any time.
C. Spreading news widely on the hour.
D. Instant worldwide information exchange
4. The writer’s attitude toward Industry 4.0 can best be described as ________.
A. negative B. supportive
C. doubtful D. cautious
Well, more and more companies are beginning to create products and services for teenagers. The Disney Company sells the Hannah Montans television show, music, film and merchandise(商品) to teenagers and their parents. You can get everything from branded lunchboxes and mobile phone covers, to monthly fan magazines and clothing. The High School Musical series of films is also intended for a teenage audience. So, it’s all about sales, which tells us teenagers must have more money, freedom and influence upon their parents than they’ve ever had before.
UK teenagers never used to be worried about spending money on clothes and fashion accessories(附加物). That’s changed. Now, they are much more fashion conscious and concerned about their image. In a world of television programmes that promise overnight success and fame at a young age (for example, the shows Britain’s Got Talent and American Idol), some people think it’s extremely important to look fashionable.
So what does teenage fashion look like? Well, it’s quite horrible really, but then I’m a bit too old to appreciate it, I suppose. It’s lots of brightly coloured materials, particularly pink, and usually plain, not patterned. There are plenty of bows, necklaces and bracelets(手镯), too. It’s all very cute(可爱的), if that’s your taste.
Surely none of the above is a good thing, is it? Can it really be healthy for us to encourage kids to be like adults at such a young age? Are we stealing childhoods in return for a bit of profit? Well, the UK government is certainly concerned, and for that reason has strict laws preventing companies from explicitly(明确地) marketing their products and services at children.
Even the rest of UK society is concerned. Now that people are aware of the problem, there is a popular backlash(强烈反应) against the exploitation(利用) of children by commercial marketing.
1.It can be inferred from the passage that the teenagers nowadays .
A. often ask their parents to buy things for them
B. always have more than enough money on their clothes
C. can’t enjoy their childhood though they are rich in material
D. are satisfied with their material life and worry about nothing
2.The author of the passage .
A. supports teenage fashion quite a lot
B. is fond of brightly colored materials that are to his taste
C. thinks it illegal to make profits by selling things to kids
D. is strongly against marketing products and services at children
3. The passage is mainly about .
A. British teenagers who are interested in fashions
B.UK companies targeting products at children
C. a social problem concerning teenagers in the UK
D. products that aim at young people in England
A poem starts with a thought, an idea, or an emotion felt from the heart．Poems can be happy or sad, deep-thinking or even humorous．The choice is up to you and your imagination as to what you will create．
Your first step is to write down the idea or thought that you have and you want to turn into a poem．Next, you should turn the thought into a free verse(自由诗体)poem．Free verse poems are much easier to write as there are no steadfast rules to write them．Some free verse doesn’t even have any rhyme or meter．
Now, rewrite your thoughts into lines．Now is the time to look at your lines and remember that the poem should have a beginning, a middle, and an end, just like a story, a book, or a movie．
Reread your poem several times and listen to the words and to the rhythm of each line．Now is the time to shorten or lengthen each line in order to create a smooth-sounding poem．Even though it is a free verse poem, you can choose to make each line rhyme with the next line if you want to．
Now go back and reread your poem again. Check for proper punctuation(标点)as well as for the proper spelling of each word. Think up a suitable title for your poem. It would be a good idea to set your poem aside for a while and then return to it later．
Then, reread it again with a fresh mind and make some necessary changes．
If you decided to continue writing poetry, it would be a good idea to investigate(研究) some books about creating poetry, and to attend some local workshops. Check out the available resources on the Internet as well as what is available at your local public library.
1.The underlined word steadfast in Paragraph 2 is similar in meaning to______．
A．advanced B．strict C．changeable D．reliable
2.In the author’s opinion, what is the right order of writing a good poem?
a．Turn an idea or thought into a poem．
b．Check for proper spelling and think up a title．
c．Rewrite your thoughts into 1ines．
d．Reread it and try to make your poem sound smooth．
e．Reread it again with a fresh mind．
f. Write down the idea or thought．
A．a-f-d-b-c-e B．a-f-c-d-e-b
C．f-a-d-c-e-b D．f-a-c-d-b-e
3.What can we infer from the end of the passage?
A．There is still a lot to learn about writing good poems．
B．Poems must depend on the Internet, workshops and libraries．
C．Writing poems is meaningful but rather difficult．
D. Not all people can succeed in writing poems．
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom. Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will _____ .
Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed. The _____ experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you _____ learn more from your “failures” than you do from your _____ . If you have made what you think to be a mistake or failed to live up to your own _____ , you will most likely put up a barrier between your essence (本质) and the part of you that is the alleged (声称的) wrong-doer.
However, viewing past actions as _____ implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming. _____ , forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself. Forgiveness is the act of erasing an _____ debt. There are four kinds of forgiveness.
The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.
The second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for another.
The third kind of forgiveness is _____ forgiveness of yourself. This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep_____ . When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual _____ .
In such a case, you need to work very hard at _____ yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap. This does not _____ that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn’t feel regret, _____ taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged(延长)period of time is not healthy.
The _____ and perhaps most difficult one is the advanced forgiveness of another.
At some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems _____ .
However, harboring(心怀)anger and revenge(复仇) fantasies only keeps you _____ in victimhood(受害状态). Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture. By doing so, you will be able to _____ the focus away from the anger and resentment（愤恨）.
It is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and _____ the memory. When you can _____ release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth.
1.A. turn up B. turn out C. break up D. break out
2.A. important B. engaged C. failed D. successful
3.A. obviously B. necessarily C. continuously D. usually
4.A. success B. failure C. fault D. benefit
5.A. ability B. expectations C. belief D. experiences
6.A. mistakes B. victories C. experiments D. fantasies
7.A. Still B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
8.A. abnormal B. original C. emotional D. unusual
9.A. ordinary B. advanced C. alternative D. certain
10.A. wisdom B. mercy C. injury D. shame
11.A. thought B. approach C. behavior D. purpose
12.A. punishing B. forgiving C. blaming D. praising
13.A. mean B. prove C. reflect D. represent
14.A. and B. or C. but D. so
15.A. uncertain B. previous C. next D. last
16.A. unbelievable B. unavoidable C. impossible D. valuable
17.A. trapped B. located C. lost D. occupied
18.A. drive B. drag C. put D. shift
19.A. keep B. refresh C. weaken D. clean
20.A. naturally B. finally C. definitely D. initially
—I’ve got to line up at the restaurant for a meal.
—_____? You can order food at Meituan on your phone.
A. So what A. How come C. Why bother D. Why not
I could have finished my self-reflection last weekend, but the math classes and exercises _____ all my spare time.
A. take up B. took up
C. had taken up D. had been taking up
