阅读理解。
The term “smog” was first used in London during the early 1900's to describe the combination of smoke and fog. What we typically call “smog” today is a mixture of pollutants but is primarily made up of groundlevel ozone (臭氧)．
Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on where it stays. The ozone staying high above the Earth protects human health and the environment, but groundlevel ozone is responsible for the choking, coughing, and painful eyes associated with smog. The ozone in smog also prevents plants growth and can cause widespread damage to crops and forest.
Major smog occurrences often are linked to heavy motor vehicle traffic, high temperatures, sunshine, and calm winds. Weather and geography affect the position and severity of smog. Because temperature regulates the length of time it takes for smog to form, smog can form faster and be more severe on a hot and sunny day. When warm air stays near the ground instead of rising and winds are calm, smog may stay trapped over your city for days. As traffic and other sources add more pollutants to the air, the smog gets worse. Smog is often more severe away from the pollution sources because the chemical reactions that cause smog occur in the atmosphere while the reacting chemicals are being moved by the wind.
Smog is a visible example of air pollution. You can look into the distance during the day to see how much smog there is in the air. In addition, most cities measure the concentrations of pollutants in the air and report the results to the public.
Environmental Protection Agency sets national standards for pollutants. Areas that fail to meet the standards for at least one air pollutant are called “nonattainment (不达标) areas”. New measures are being taken by local governments across the country to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas. These include: banning charcoal barbecues and wood burning in stoves or fireplaces when pollution levels are high; developing programs to encourage carpooling and voluntary “ozone actions”； limiting traffic in overcrowded areas; expanding or improving public transportation systems; requiring employers to contribute to employee public transportation costs; assessing “smog fees” on cars according to the number of miles driven and vehicle emissions (排放) produced; and even buying and breaking up older “superdirty” cars.
1.According to the passage, groundlevel ozone can______.
A．damage the environment
B．benefit human health
C．protect crops and forest
D．limit the spread of smog
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Air quality is better in time of calm wind.
B．Smog is more severe near pollution sources.
C．It takes more time for smog to form in hot weather.
D．Chemical reactions occur in the moving air and cause smog.
3.Which indication shows more exact the air is poor?
A．Heavy motor vehicle traffic in big cities.
B．Widespread damage of crops and forest.
C．Clear outlines of hills in the distance.
D．High concentrations of pollutants in the air.
4.What is included in the measures being taken by the local governments?
A．Unconditional banning of wood burning.
B．Encouraging carpooling and public transportation.
C．Charging all the vehicles more “smog fees”．
D．Buying new cars to replace superdirty old cars.
书面表达，假如你是李华，目前正在一所外国语学校读高中。最近一段时间你比较关注美国文化，尤其对美国的节日感兴趣。请你给你的美国网友Tom写一封电子邮件，询问他关于感恩节的一些情况。内容要点如下：
1．介绍自己的近况；
2．询问他关于感恩节的一些情况(起源、庆祝的时间和方式等)；
3．表示感谢。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和落款已为你写好，但不计入总词数。Dear Tom，
Thanks for your email last time.____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
语法填空。
Paris Fashion Week
It is a clothing trade show semiannually held in Paris, France, with Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter events 1. (take) place each year. Fashion Week in Paris is given twice a year right after the Milan Fashion Week. Dates are fixed by the French Fashion Federation. Currently it is held Carrousel du Louver and at some 2. places throughout the city. Paris Fashion Week is _3._ of the big four fashion weeks internationally, the others being London Fashion Week, Milan Fashion Week and New York Fashion Week. They are to show the fashion industry 4. the various brands will be releasing and 5. (increase) their sales.
Paris, 6.(regard) as a fashion capital like New York, Milan, and London, happens to be the headquarters (总部) of many top fashion houses like Chanel, Dior, Hermes, Louis Vuitton, etc. The French fashion has made an 7. (impress) mark on its fans by elegance and beauty. Paris's cultural diversities 8. (present) widely by the fact that many worldwide designers are pleased to show up with their new 9. (design)．
In 2014, Paris Fashion Week for Spring/Summer started from 26 June to 30 June 10. the Autumn/Winter event was from 24 September to 2 October.
完形填空。
A Brick in Life
A young and successful manager was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was _______ kids rushing out from _______ parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something.
_______ his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick smashed into the Jaguar's side door. He slammed on the _______and turned the Jaguar back to the spot from where the brick had been thrown.
He jumped out of the car, grabbed the kid and _________ him up against a parked car, shouting, “What was that all about and who are you? Just what _______ are you doing？” Then he went on, “Didn't you know that brick you threw is going to _______ a lot of money. Why did you do it？”
“Please, sir. Please, I'm sorry. I didn't know _______ else to do！” begged the youngster.
“________ my brother，” he said. “He rolled off the sidewalk and fell out of his ________ and I can't lift him up.”
Sobbing, the boy asked the manager, “Would you please help me get him ________into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too _______ for me.”
Moved ________ words, the driver tried to swallow the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and ________ his handkerchief and wiped the scrapes and cuts, checking to see _______ everything was going to be okay.
“Thank you, sir. And God bless you，” the _______ child said to him. The man then _______ the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward ________ home.
It was a long __19_________ back to his Jaguar — a long, slow walk. He never did repair the side door. He kept the dent (凹痕) _______ him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小故事告诉我们：生活的道路上不要走得太匆忙，我们需要其他人的敲打来引起我们的注意。
1.A.watching for B．looking for C．heading for D．leaving for
2.A.among B．between C．in D．through
3.A.While B．Before C．As D．After
4.A.window B．door C．wheel D．brake
5.A.pushed B．guided C．held D．caught
6.A.in earth B．on earth C．after all D．above all
7.A.spend B．charge C．cost D．pay
8.A.which B．who C．that D．what
9.A.It's B．Which's C．That's D．Who's
【小题1010．A.Jaguar B．wheelchair C．sidewalk D．bike
10.A.up B．down C．back D．forward
11.A.light B．funny C．terrible D．heavy
12.A.beyond B．inside C．outside D．around
13.A.broke out B．took out C．run out D．gave out
14.A.what B．where C．that D．which
15.A.angry B．willing C．satisfactory D．grateful
16.A.watched B．glared C．noticed D．witnessed
17.A.his B．their C．her D．its
18.A.journey B．trip C．walk D．running
19.A.reminding B．reminded C．reminds D．to remind
阅读七选五
Trees around us are extremely important and have always been necessary for improving the human conditions. Our existing forests and trees we plant work to make a better world. 1.. Here is a short list of main reasons trees are necessary for improving our living conditions.
●Trees produce oxygen
2.. A leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. What many people don't realize is that the forest also acts as a giant filter (过滤器) that cleans the air we breathe. Trees help clean the air by preventing airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants.
●Trees clean the soil
The term phytoremediation is a fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. 3.. Trees filter sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and so on.
●Trees are carbon sinks
To produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves. Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. 4.. This lockingup process “stores” carbon as wood and not as a “greenhouse” gas.
●5.
Trees block urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls. Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can reduce major noises from freeways and airports.
A．We could not exist as we do if there were no trees
B．Trees help clean the sky
C．A forest is a carbon storage area that can lock up as much carbon as it produces
D．Trees control noise pollution
E．Man has been planting trees to make the planet a more beautiful world
F．The modern human community has other more practical reasons to admire and honor trees
G．Trees can either store harmful pollutants or change the pollutants into less harmful forms
阅读理解
Parents on South Australia's Aboriginal (澳大利亚土著的) lands may lose some of their financial aid if they do not send their children to school. The new rules draw wide concern.
Mundine is Prime Minister Tony Abbott's top advisor on issues concerning Aboriginals, native Australians. “Now, I know the government needs some necessary measures but I think punishing the parents is really the last choice.” Mr. Mundine says the situation can be changed if the tribal leaders support education. “We need to work with parents and communities because we are making a huge cultural change here.” But other officials say they believe the threat of stopping aid will force families to take education more seriously.
The State of South Australia says it has special programs for Aboriginal children. The students work with their parents and teachers first to develop a personal learning plan and the public schools provide special workers to work individually with Aboriginal students. At the age of seven, Aboriginal students can join a program called Enter for Success designed to attract students to school. The students can choose which high school to attend and receive support in reaching the goals on their individual learning plans.
The State of Western Australia also has special programs for Aboriginal and other ethnic (种族的) groups. The state operates a program called Focus Schools which centers on basic skills like reading, writing and counting. 67% of these public focus schools serve the students in 79 very rural areas. Most of them are primary schools. The Focus Schools program also includes 118 coaches working with students in 134 schools.
1.What's the aim of the new regulations?
A．To develop advanced education.
B．To improve Aboriginal children's school attendance.
C．To get tribal chiefs to support education.
D．To punish parents on South Australia's Aboriginal lands.
2.To change the situation, Mr. Mundine may not agree with ________.
A．cooperating with the parents
B．limiting the economic aid of the families
C．winning the favor of the communities
D．making a cultural change in the communities
3.It is known from the statistics in the last paragraph that ________.
A．the special program is a success
B．the special program covers every area of Australia
C．the government has tried to help with the Aboriginal education
D．the government has taken action to promote the elementary schools
