Question

Tulou, the special residential architecture of Fujian Province was included on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List during the 32^nd session of the World Heritage Committee in Quebec, Canada.

In the fourth century, Han Chinese living in the Central Plains area began to migrate south, gradually gathering in Fujian and forming the Hakka communities. As a defence against enemies, the Hakkas chose to live in compact(紧凑的) communities, and the tulou was their preferred houses. Tens of thousands of such earthen structures were constructed in Fujian Province.

Most tulous are to be found in the valleys, surrounded by high mountains, and some are in the depths of the great mountains. Most are three to four stories high, and look like circular blockhouses（堡垒）. Rooms on the first floor are used as kitchens, rooms on the second floor are used as barns(谷仓), and rooms on the third and fourth floors are for bedrooms and living rooms. For defensive purposes, the rooms on the first floor have no windows.

Raw materials for the tulou were obtained locally. Their main building material was a mixture of clay, sand, lime and water, and egg whites, brown sugar and rice water were added as adhesive agents（粘合剂）. It was then mixed to form the walls. Once they dried, the walls were so hard that driving a nail into them would have been difficult. Fir branches, which are extremely strong and do not rot, were used to strengthen them, and many centuries later they have remained their original look.

Tulous are located in a region where earthquakes happen frequently, and their circular construction helps them resist the regular shocks.

The proven design even inspired one famous Peruvian architect, who paid several visits to Yongding, to build a tulou back home. Not long after, an earthquake struck only 10 kilometers away, and while all the houses around the earthen building fell down, his tulou remained.

1.From the passage , we know that Tulou ______.

A. is a special residential architecture of Han Chinese in Fujian even today

B. was once the place where the Hakkas chose to live together

C. stands in the valleys and is also modern people’s preferred houses

D. looks like circular blockhouses but easy to fall down in the earthquake

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Hakkas built tulous when they lived in the Central Plains area

B. Raw materials for the tulou were obtained from far away

C. It is difficult to dig a hole into the walls of the tulou

D. Fir branches may help them resist the regular shocks

3.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. One of UNESCO’s World Heritage List

B. The Function of Tulous

C. Yongding County and The Hakkas

D. The special Earthen Architecture of Fujian

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.D

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于说明文阅读，主要介绍了世界文化遗产：福建土楼的用途，建设过程以及人们对它的评价。

1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句As a defence against enemies, the Hakkas chose to live in compact(紧凑的) communities, and the tulou was their preferred houses.可知土楼是客家人用来防御敌人的重要工具。同时也是客家人生活居住的场所。故B正确。

2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句Once they dried, the walls were so hard that driving a nail into them would have been difficult.可知修建土楼的黏土干了以后非常坚硬，钉子都钉不进去。故C正确。

3.nd session of the World Heritage Committee in Quebec, Canada.告诉我们福建土楼在第32届联合国教科文组织的会议上被列为世界文化遗产。接下来五段详细介绍了福建土楼的特点，用途，建设过程以及人们对它的评价。使用本文主要介绍的是福建永定的特有建筑：土楼。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

本文4. 2、概括性强 3、短小精炼。

此类题型最关键是要找出文章的中心句，一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展。

考点：考查说明文阅读