Question

Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling (循环利用). Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.

The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.

Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.

But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.

There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.

1.What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?

A. Using too much packaging.

B. Recycling too many wastes.

C. Making more products than necessary.

D. Having more material than is needed.

2.The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show_________________.

A. the tendency of cutting household waste

B. the increase of packaging recycling

C. the rapid growth of supermarkets

D. the fact of packaging overuse

3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.

B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.

C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.

D. Other products are better packaged than food.

4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.

B. Needless material is mostly recycled.

C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.

D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.

Answer

1.D

2.D

3.C

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇环保类文章，主要讲述了环保方面的一些问题及有效措施，并呼吁我们保护环境。

1.D词义理解推断题，根据文中语句“However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more things than we need. We are now dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the possible greenest way,”理解可知。故选D。

2.D推理判断题。第二段主要是在讲过度包装的问题，故选D。

3.C推理判断题。根据第四段可推断仅仅根据包装来断定产品的质量是不对的，故选C。

4.

考点：考查环保类阅读

【名师点睛】

健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：

第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；

第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；

第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。

从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。

【阅读策略】

1、概要(Summarizing)：

阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。

2、组织(Organization)：

阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。