语法填空,阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。
We all get affected by advertisements in magazines and on radio and television. They promise us and make us believe1. we can buy ideal things with our money.
However, many products. 2. promise to help us realize our dreams, turn out to be of little effect. Their purpose is to persuade the buyer to spend more. Well, knowing the 3. (true) does not stop the victims from 4._______ (attract) by media stunts (噱头)!
Though we are fully aware 5. the artful devices of a toothpaste company, we enjoy the color and pictorial values that we see. Many companies make these pictures with artful imagination. A short film with a simple story and colorful atmosphere6. (create) the desired effect without using many words. Some of 7. best advertisements have even won international praise.
The present age is an age of advertisement. All big and small companies depend on some kind of techniques 8. (catch) a market for their products. Advertising may be make-believe, but it is here to stay. Industries grow 9.________ (extreme) fast and markets are flooded with new products every day. Therefore, 10.________ is necessary that there be some code of ethics (道德准则) to prevent producers making goods below standard and cheating the public.
完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a freezing-cold February morning in Indiana, Jhaqueil Reagan, 18, left home to walk to a job interview — ten miles away, over muddy roads.
Reagan had been looking for work for months. His parents had died two years earlier, and he was the only________ of his two younger siblings (兄弟姊妹), Cole, 16, and Jazzlyn, seven. He was ________ for a regular paycheck ________ doing many odd jobs (零活).
Three hours later, Reagan had covered only three miles. He paused outside a ________called Papa Roux to ask for directions from ________ Art Bouvier, who was clearing ice and snow from the parking lot.
“I told him to get on the bus.”says Bouvier.“He ________ me and went on his way.”
Fifteen minutes later, Bouvier ________ in his car beside Reagan as he walked along.
“You’ve ________ got to be on the bus,”he told Reagan.
“I don, t have money for the bus,”Reagan replied. Bouvier offered him a ________ . On the way, he asked the boy about his job search.
“I thought, this is the kind of kid I want working for me,”says Bouvier. He got Reagan’s ________ number and dropped him off for his ________.
Later that day, Bouvier ________ about Reagan on Facebook. “He doesn’t know it yet, but he ________ on Monday,”Bouvier wrote.“It, s been a while since I’ve met someone so________ !”
A few hours later, Bouvier called to offer Reagan a job. ________ , the teen accepted on the spot. A television reporter caught wind of the ________ and interviewed the pair on camera that night.
Today, Reagan is washing dishes, filling orders, and greeting Papa Roux ________ for ＄8.50 an hour.
The publicity has brought in so many ________ customers that Bouvier plans to open a second restaurant by the end of the year. Reagan has ________ enough money to move into a new apartment.
Now, when the weather is ________, he takes the bus to work.
1.A．friend B．relative C．caretaker D．teacher
2.A．glad B．sorry C．desperate D．nervous
3.A．before B．after C．until D．since
4.A．restaurant B．hotel C．store D．hospital
5.A．assistant B．consumer C．waiter D．owner
6.A．refused B．comforted C．thanked D．moved
7.A．threw up B．pulled up C．looked up D．cheered up
8.A．always B．really C．finally D．normally
9.A．lift B．car C．ticket D．chance
10.A．bus B．identity C．account D．phone
11.A．job B．conference C．interview D．party
12.A．talked B．heard C．cared D．wrote
13.A．leaves B．finishes C．returns D．starts
14.A．kind-hearted B．strong-minded C．poor D．healthy
15.A．Shocked B．Tired C．Encouraged D．Confused
16.A．truth B．story C．reason D．joke
17.A．customers B．bosses C．passengers D．reporters
18.A．new B．big C．regular D．private
19.A．collected B．borrowed C．earned D．spent
20.A．beautiful B．warm C．bad D．cool
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All around the world, people are working hard to make their cites safer and more pleasant for pedestrians (行人). Cities have painted crosswalks on their streets, made streets narrower, put in traffic lights and speed bumps (减速带) and made plans to help more kids walk or bike to school.
Many people have learned from a man from Brisbane, Australia, named David Engwicht. His book Reclaiming Our Cities and Towns has a simple message. 1. Kids played there, and neighbors stopped there to talk.
But now, streets are just for cars and trucks. People stay inside to get away from the noise and dangerous traffic, and we lose contact with our neighbors. 2. People need to take back their streets. Engwicht travels around the world, helping people think differently about pedestrians, streets, and neighborhoods. 3. He has worked in neighborhoods from Honolulu to Scotland.
While Engwicht was writing his book, he learned how neighbors in the city of Delft, in the Netherlands, stopped dangerous traffic on their street. They put old couches, tables, and planters in the street. 4. When the police arrived, they saw how these illegal actions made the streets safer. Soon city officials started planning ways to make cars slow down, and“calm”the traffic.
Engwicht says we should think about streets as our “outdoor living room”. 5.
In the future, streets will be safe places for children again, and our neighbors will become our friends.
A．Cars and pedestrians crowded the street.
B．Calming the traffic is just the beginning.
C．Cars could still pass, but they had to drive slowly.
D．He says that in the past, streets belonged to everybody.
E．It’s hard to take measures to solve the traffic problems.
F．Besides his books and articles, he gives many speeches.
G. Engwicht says that we should use streets for more than just transportation.
Before I studied psychology, I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred. While I was right about that, I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke. When someone laughs at a joke, there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh—and the more reasons there are, the more powerful the joke will be.
I was attending a stand-up comedy show in Egypt, and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets, everyone laughed their hearts out. The main reason those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly. The joke wasn’t only funny, it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.
The better a joke makes a person feel, and the more it includes other psychological factors, the more the person will like it. For example, if you envy one of your friends, and someone tells a joke that is funny and, at the same time, makes your friend seem stupid, then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren’t jealous of him.
In short, we don’t laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke. I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh. All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person’s emotions, he will certainly like it a lot.
1.What did the author find out after studying psychology?
A. Only good jokes make people laugh
B. Many factors lead to people laughing.
C. Funny things can make people laugh
D. Laughter can make people healthy.
2.Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?
A. They played a trick on the pedestrians.
B. The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.
C. They could feel the pedestrians’ happiness.
D. Their emotion was approved of by the show.
3.What does the underlined word “belittling” probably mean?
A. Speak highly of B. Get close to
C. Look down on D. Feel content with
4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
It was a hot, humid day, and my brother Walt and I had decided that the only way to survive it would be to go swimming in a deep swimming hole across Mr. Blickez’s pasture(牧场) and through some woods.
The only problem with our plan was that this pasture was guarded by a huge, mean Hereford bull. Mr. Blickez had told us that Elsie was the meanest bull in the township, maybe even the county, and we believed him. But the hotter it got, the more we thought there was something doubtful about his claim. For one thing, we remembered Mr. Blickez liked telling tall tales; for another, Elsie seemed like an odd name for a bull.
Finally, I talked Mom into asking permission for us to walk through the pasture, but then another problem surfaced. Mom said she would talk to Mr. Blickez if we would take our cousin Joanie along with us. Joanie was almost two years older than me and a head taller. If her teasing ever got around my grade school, it would be all over for me. In fact, I still had a headache from a quarrel with her that morning. “I’m not going swimming with that dumb girl cousin.” I told my mom.
“Either Joanie goes with, or you stay home alone,” Mom said in her serious tone. I gave in and we set out. On our way across the pasture, Walt yelled suddenly. Elsie had approached him quietly and was licking(舔) his back. Joanie and I dove under the wire fence, but while I was on the ground I looked up and saw that Elsie wasn’t a big mean bull after all. She was going to keep licking my brother’s back as long as he stood still.
We had many good days growing up and visiting our secret swimming hole guarded by the so-called “big mean bull”. And as it turned out, for a girl cousin, Joanie hasn’t been too bad. She’s been one of my best friends over the years.
1.What’s the second problem the author has to face?
A. His mother insisted on his cousin going with him.
B. His cousin made jokes on him in his grade school.
C. He quarreled with his cousin and had a headache.
D. His mother failed to ask permission for him.
2.What does the author think of Elsie in the end?
A. Aggressive. B. Unkind.
C. Bad-tempered. D. Friendly.
3.What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The bull guarding Mr. Blickez’s farm.
B. The story of visiting the swimming hole.
C. How friendly the so-called mean bull was.
D. How the author changed his attitude to Joanie.
Earlier this month, two rock climbers achieved what many thought impossible: They climbed up the 3,000-foot-high Dawn Wall in Yosemite National Park without specialized equipment. Climbing without this equipment is called“free-climbing.”Until now, no one had free-climbed to the top of the rock face, which is a part of the mountain EI Capitan.
El Capitan, which means“the captain”or“the chief”in Spanish, has always presented a challenge to climbers. But the Dawn Wall, on the mountain’s southeast face, is a particularly difficult route to the summit (顶峰). It is a rock formation that is both steep and relatively smooth. This makes free-climbing the rock face seem almost impossible.
About seven years ago, professional climber Tommy Caldwell spotted a possible route up the wall. It took years of planning and preparation, but this month, Caldwell, 36, and his friend Kevin Jorgeson, 30, finally make the climb.
Free climbers do use ropes and other basic safety equipment to catch them if they fall — and Caldwell and Jorgeson fell often. Before starting their climb, they broke down their route into 32 sections. Each section was based on a rope length called a“pitch.”The rope was secured into the rock face to catch the climbers if they fell.
Caldwell and Jorgeson’s goal was to climb the Dawn Wall without returning to the ground. If they fell, they had to start that pitch all over again. The two men started climbing on December 27. They slept in hanging tents, and a team of friends brought them food each day.
The men had spent years rehearsing (排练) the movements it would take to get through each pitch. They made it through the fist half of the climb relatively easily. But halfway up, Jorgeson ran into trouble. In one difficult spot, he fell each time he attempted to climb. After 10 days of trying, Jorgeson finally made it to the next pitch.
Getting through that troublesome pitch gave both climbers renewed energy. They finished the rest of the climb five days later, on January 14.
1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly explain?
A．Why the Dawn Wall is a hard challenge.
B．Why people prefer climbing El Capitan.
C．How to free-climb the Dawn Wall.
D．How El Capitan got its name.
2.To climb Yosemite’s Dawn Wall, Caldwell and Jorgeson .
A. received one year’s training
B. chose the nearest route
C. made thoughtful preparations
D. used special equipment
3.What can we learn about this world, s toughest climb?
A．It includes 32 different routes.
B．It is also the world, s highest climb.
C．It was once completed by Caldwell 7 years ago.
D．It took the two climbers 19 days to get to the top.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Jorgeson?
A．Proud but patient.
B．Cautious and friendly.
C．Brave and determined.
D．Imaginative but half-hearted.
