Question

Quicker and faster 3-D printers have allowed not just amazing objects to be created, but have started to affect how doctors treat patients.

We^’ve put together a list of some of the most amazing medical breakthroughs made possible with 3-D printing.

Life-Saving Airway

In 2013, doctors created a new airway for kaiba Gionfriddo, a boy born with an airway that kept collapsing (萎陷). To save his life doctors printed tiny tubes to join together in different shapes and sizes until one finally worked for Kaiba. It was placed in Kaiba^’s bronchus (支气管) so that it no longer collapsed. Even more remarkably, once the plant was placed it could stay there. It^’s designed to eventually be absorbed into the body.

New “Bionic” Hands

One of the most remarkable ways 3-D printing is now being used is as a way to create prosthetics (假肢). A boy born without an arm named Alex was able to get a new“bionic”hand thanks to it. Last year a college student spent 8 weeks coming up with a special prosthetic design that only cost a few hundred dollars in materials. He said he wanted to create a prosthetic far cheaper than other choices that can run tens of thousands of dollars.

A practice Heart

In Seattle, doctors have been able to use 3-D printing technology to“practice”risky operations so that they will face fewer surprises in the operating room. Kami Sutton was born with her heart“in the wrong place”. For a recent operation her doctor was able to take many scans of Sutton^’ s heart and print out a model. “Kami^’s heart is truly one-of-a-kind,”Dr. Stephan Seslar, a heart disease specialist said. “Operating on her without understanding the structure of her heart better could be very dangerous.”

A New Skull

A U.K. man was able to have part of his skull rebuilt thanks to a 3-D printer. Stephen Power broke his cheek bones in a crash. To help Power his doctors instead created 3-D bones all carefully printed in the shape of his face. “This is really the first time we^’ve taken it to this stage, where everything has been planned and modeled in advance — and worked sweetly,”said Adrian Sugar, a doctor.

1.What is special about the 3-D printed airway?

A．It uses high-tech materials.

B．It varies in shapes and sizes.

C．It can be absorbed by the body.

D．It can prevent any disease in the airway.

2.What is the advantage of the new“bionic”hand?

A．Its price.      B．Its effects.

C．Its materials.   D．Its shape design.

3.How can 3-D printing technology help doctors in the operating room?

A．It helps them get better scans.

B．It guarantees the success of operations.

C．It enables them to practice and learn more.

D．It helps them to deal with patents^, anxiety.

4.What does Adrian Sugar think of the new skull printed by 3-D technology?

A．He has doubts about it.

B．He thinks highly of it.

C．It needs to be better planned.

D．It functions well but needs improving.

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.C

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于科普说明文，主要介绍了3D打印技术在医疗行业上取得的良好效果，并列举了四个具体的病例。

1.C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句Even more remarkably, once the plant was placed it could stay there. It’s designed to eventually be absorbed into the body.可知当3D打印技术制造出来的气管，一杯放进病人的身体里，它就能被病人的身体接受。这才是最不同寻常的地方。所以C项内容正确。

2.A 细节理解题。根据第六段第三句Last year a college student spent 8 weeks coming up with a special prosthetic design that only cost a few hundred dollars in materials.可知使用3D打印技术生产出来的仿生手花费的钱很少。所以这种仿生手的优势是价格低廉。故A正确。

3.C 推理判断题。根据第八段最后两句. For a recent operation her doctor was able to take many scans of Sutton’ s heart and print out a model. “Kami’s heart is truly one-of-a-kind,”Dr. Stephan Seslar, a heart disease specialist said. “Operating on her without understanding the structure of her heart better could be very dangerous.”可知在做手术之前，医生就扫描了Sutton的心脏并使用3D打印技术把模型打印出来进行模拟的手术练习。让医生对手术过程中可能出现的问题有了事先了解，所以3D打印技术可以帮助医生练习并有更多了解。故C正确。

4.’ve taken it to this stage, where everything has been planned and modeled in advance — and worked sweetly,”said Adrian Sugar, a doctor.可知这是他们第一次把这一技术运用到这一阶段，手术之前一切都进行了模拟练习，最终结果非常好。由此内容可知Adrian Sugar对3D打印技术是很支持的。故B正确。

【名师点睛】

作者通过文章表达某种态度或观点，有的开门见山，直截了当；有的含蓄委婉，旁敲侧击；有的通过用词的褒贬来体现；有的则需通读全文，反复揣摩主旨才能领会。考生要从作者的措词、语气或对某个细节的把握来推断作者在整篇文章中所表现出来的态度和写作意图，以及对事物的评价。

一、此类问题在题干中一般都含有think of/about，attitude，opinion，believe，consider，tone等词语。

态度题的选项一般是形容词，按照作者对所阐述问题的态度进行分类，可以分为：积极类：favorable（赞成的），helpful（有帮助的），positive（正确的），supportive（支持的），concerned（关心的），confident（自信的），impressive（给人印象深刻的），optimistic（乐观的）等；中立类：objective（客观的），neutral（中立的），cautious（谨慎的），uncertain等；消极类：disgusting（令人厌恶的），critical（批评的），negative（否定的），disappointed（失望的），subjective（主观的），doubtful（怀疑的），worried（担心的），pessimistic（悲观的），indifferent（冷漠的）等。

二、观点态度类题解题策略：不武断，不臆断

作者表达人物的情感、观点、意图既可能隐含在文章的字里行间，也可能流露于修饰的词语之中，考生应学会揣测和体会。在判断的过程中，应特别注意表达感情色彩的形容词，首段、尾段的中心思想，以及句子、段落间转折词的使用。千万不能主观臆断、凭空想象、随意揣测。在进行答案选择的时候一定要在行文中找到较为充分的信息支撑，不要把自己的态度夹杂其中，能正确区分是作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度。根据文章的主题，考生也可进行大方向的判断。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者（to entertain）；广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务（to persuade或to advertise ）；议论文的目的要阐述论点（to argue）；科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识，使大家广闻博见（to inform）。

考点：考查科普说明文阅读