完形填空
Every dream has something to do with our feelings, longings, wishes, needs, fears, and memories. But something on the “outside” may affect what we ______. If a person is hungry or tired or cold, his dream may include a feeling of this kind. If the _____on your body has slipped off your bed, you may dream that you are ______ or resting on the ice and snow. The material for the dream you will ______ tonight is probably to come from the experiences you have today.
______ the subject of your dream usually comes from something that has an effect on you ______ you are sleeping (feeling of cold, a noise, a discomfort, etc.) and it may also use your past experiences and the wishes and interests you have now. This is why very young ______ are likely to dream of fairies(仙女), older children of school examinations, ______ people of food, homesick soldiers of their families and prisoners of freedom.
To show you how that is ______ while you are asleep and how your wishes or needs can all be joined together in a dream, ______ is the story of an experiment. A man was asleep and the back of his ______ was rubbed ______ a piece of cotton. He would dream that he _____ in a hospital and his girlfriend was visiting him, _____ on the bed and feeling gently his hand!
There are some scientists who have made a special ______ of why we dream, what we dream and what those dreams _____. Their explanation of dreams, though a bit reasonable, is not accepted by everyone, but it _____ an interesting approach to the problem. They believe that dreams are _____ expressions of wishes that didn’t ______. In other words, a dream is a way of having your wishes ______ out.
1.A. long B. dream C. think D. wish
2.A. blanket B. book C. shoe D. trousers
3.A. working B. running C. sleeping D. studying
4.A. meet B. have C. see D. think
5.A. But B. For C. So D. Because
6.A. before B. while C. after D. during
7.A. children B. fathers C. drivers D. gentlemen
8.A. happy B. sad C. hungry D. old
9.A. taking B. carrying C. dreaming D. happening
10.A. that B. here C. it D. this
11.A. leg B. head C. body D. hand
12.A. in B. with C. of D. off
13.A. left B. lived C. was D. gave
14.A. waiting B. smiling C. sitting D. speaking
15.A. study B. watch C. sleep D. way
16.A. stand B. do C. form D. mean
17.A. makes B. finds C. offers D. demands
18.A. any B. almost C. hardly D. mostly
19.A. get B. come true C. arrive D. believe in
20.A. carried B. taken C. kept D. called
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Sleep is something we all do. But some people need to sleep more than others. Babies sleep most of the time. Children in school sleep about ten to twelve hours a night. Most adults sleep only seven or eight hours. 1.
All parts of our bodies have to rest after they work.. Our arms need a rest after we lift heavy thing, When we run fast, our legs work hard. They get tired. We have to rest them. Our brains work hard, too. 2. . We can sit quite still and rest our arms and legs. But our brains aren’t resting. They go right on thinking as long as we are awake.
Our brains slow down a bit when we sleep and dream. 3. Instead of thinking wide-awake thoughts, our brains make up dreams. Some dreams are very pleasing. Some are not. Most of the time we forget them when we wake up.
Scientists have tried to find out what would happen if people were not allowed to sleep. They asked some people not to go to bed. The people stayed up all night and all the next day. They stayed up the next night too, and the day after. They played games, but they made mistakes. They forgot things. 4. The people grew rude and mean. They became angry with their friends. Finally they were too tired to stand up. When they sat down, they fell asleep.
Scientists have found that if people are not allowed to sleep and to dream, they act in an unusual way. 5. But we do know that we need it to stay well. So tonight have a good sleep. Lie down under the covers. Shut your eyes. Let your thoughts wander. Soon you’ll stop thinking. You’ll be asleep.
A. It was hard for their tired brains to work.
B. When we are awake, they help us pay attention to the world around us
C. But babies, children, and adults----all of us need to have our sleep
D. Good sleep helps to improve one’s memory
E. No one knows why sleep is so good for us
F. But even as we sleep our brains are doing some work
G. Of course you will have a good sleep
What will power your house in the future？Nuclear，wind，or solar power？According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)in the US，it might be leaves—but artificial(人造的)ones.
Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis(光合作用)．Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.
The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip with catalysts(催化剂)．Similar to natural leaves，it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell，which uses those two materials to produce electricity，located either on top of a house or beside the house.
Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card，scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries.“ One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology，”said Nocera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.
The artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use. The new leaf，by contrast，is made of cheap materials，easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies，Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prototype(原型)could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
The wonderful improvements come from Nocera's recent discovery of several powerful，new and inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy transformation inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now，the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides，the device can run in whatever water is available；that is，it doesn't need pure water. This is important for some countries that don't have access to pure water.
With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “give energy to the poor”，scientists believe that the new technology could be widely used in developing countries，especially in India and rural China.
1.Which of the following orders correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?
a．artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b．the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
c．the artificial leaves are put in water
d．the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity
A．c，b，a，d B．c，a，b，d
C．b，c，a，d D．c，a，d，b
2.The purpose of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaf is to________.
A．build up more power stations in the world
B．provide cheaper energy for developing countries
C．offer people in developing countries access to pure water
D．gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process
3.The main idea of this passage is ________.
A．an introduction to the history of artificial leaves
B．an invention copying photosynthesis
C．giving energy to the poor
D．a mixture of water power and solar energy
Oyster
What is an Oyster card?
Oyster is the easiest way to pay for journeys on the bus，Tube，tram，Docklands Light Railway (DLR), London Overground and National Rail journeys in London You can store your travel cards, Bus & Tram Pass, season tickets and credit to pay for journeys as you go.
Where to get an Oyster card?
There are a number of ways for you to get an Oyster card:
• At over 3,900 Oyster Ticket stops
• At Tube and London Overground station ticket offices
• At some National Rail stations
• At London Travel information Centres
• Online at tfl. gov. uk/oyster
How to use an Oyster card?
To pay the correct fare on the Tube , DLR, London Overground and National Rail services, you must always touch in on the yellow Oyster card reader at the start of your journey, and touch out at the end. If you don’t, a maximum cash Oyster fare will be charged. When using the bus or tram, you must only touch in at the start, but not at the end of your journey.
What happens if I don’t visit London very often?
Don’t worry. Any pay as you go credit on your card will not expire (过期)，so you can keep it for your next visit or lend it to a friend.
Fares
Traveling by Tube from Central London (Zone l)to Heathrow (Zone 6)
Adult Oyster single fare
£ 4. 20 Monday to Friday 06:30 - 09:30 and 16:00 - 19:00
£ 2. 70 at all other times including public holidays
Adult single cash fare £ 5.00
For further information，visit tfl.gov. uk /fares.
1.You can get an Oyster card at the following places EXCEPT ________.
A. on the website B. at an Oyster Ticket stop
C. at a post office D. at a Tube station
2.Which of the following is TRUE about Oyster cards?
A. They are limited in use to the owners themselves.
B. On National Rail services you must touch them on the reader twice.
C. They are not suitable for those who don’t visit London often.
D. Oyster card Tube fares cost more on public holidays than on weekdays.
3.If a person with an Oyster card takes the 7 o’clock Tube from Central London to 2Heathrow for a week (no public holiday in between)，he should pay________.
A. £ 18.90 B. £ 29.40 C. £21.90 D. £ 26.40
4.The passage is probably taken from a ________.
A. magazine B. travel brochure
C. textbook D. novel
Banks view online banking as a powerful “value-added” tool to attract and keep new customers while helping to eliminate costly paper handling or teller（出纳员）interactions in an increasingly competitive banking environment.
Today, most large national banks, many local banks and credit unions offer some form of online banking, variously known as PC banking, home banking, electronic banking or Internet banking. Online banks are sometimes referred to as “brick-to-click” banks, both to tell them from “brick-to-mortar” banks that haven’t yet offered online banking, as well as from “virtual”（虚拟）banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.
The challenge for the banking industry has been to design this new service channel in such a way that its customers will readily learn to use and trust it. Most of the large banks can now offer fully safe , fully functional（功能的）online banking for free or for a small cost. As more banks succeed online and more customers use their sites, fully functional online banking will likely become as commonplace as automated teller machines (ATM).
Online banking has a lot of advantages. Unlike your corner bank, online banking sites never close; they’re at hand 24 hours a day, seven days a week and they’re a mouse click away. If you’re out of state or even out of the country when a money problem appears, you can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business. Online bank sites generally carry out and confirm deals at or quicker than ATM processing speeds. Many online banking sites now offer fashionable tools to help you manage all of your valuable items more effectively.
1.The underlined word “eliminate” in the first paragraph probably means “ ”.
A. keep B. remove C. raise D. improve
2.What is the challenge for the online banking industry according to the text?
A. To make online banking attractive.
B. To open new services all over the world.
C. To offer online banking for free.
D. To take care of business 24 hours a day.
3.From the text we can conclude that _______.
A. “brick-to-click” banks are in fact another kind of physical banks
B. the function of a “brick-to-click” bank is as common as that of an ATM
C. a “brick-to-mortar” bank is no better than a virtual one
D. customers can deal with their banking by a mouse click
4.What would be the best title for this text?
A. Banking of Various Forms
B. Improvement of Banking Industry
C. Development of Online Banking
D. Functions of the “Brick-to-Click” Bank
The deadliest Ebola(埃博拉病毒) outbreak in recorded history is happening right now. The outbreak is unprecedented(空前的) both in the number of people who have gotten sick and in the geographic scope. And so far it’s been a long battle that doesn’t appear to be slowing down.
Ebola is both rare and very deadly. Since the first outbreak in 1976, Ebola viruses have infected thousands of people and killed roughly killed 60 percent of them. Symptoms can come on quickly and kill fast.
The current outbreak started in Guinea sometime in late 2013 or early 2014. It has since spread to Sierra Leone and Liberia, including some capital cities. And one infected patient traveled on a plane to Nigeria, where he spread the disease to several others and then died. Cases have also popped up in various other countries throughout the world, including in Dallas and New York City in the United States.
The Ebola virus has now hit many countries, including Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Senegal, and the United States. The virus, which starts off with flu-like symptoms and sometimes ends with bleeding, has infected about 6,500 people and killed more than 3,000 since this winter, according to the World Health Organization on September 30, 2014.
There are some social and political factors contributing to the current disaster. Because this is the first major Ebola outbreak in West Africa, many of the region’s health workers didn’t have experience or training in how to protect themselves or care for patients with this disease.
Journalist David Quammen put it well in a recent New York Times article, “Ebola is more dangerous to humans than perhaps any known virus on Earth, except rabies(狂犬病) and HIV. And it does its damage much faster than either.”
Hopefully, researchers are working to find drugs, including a recent $50 million push at the National Institutes of Health. And scientists are working on vaccines(疫苗), including looking into ones that might be able to help wild chimpanzees, which are also susceptible to the disease. The first human Ebola vaccine trial is scheduled to start in the spring of 2015.
1.According to the passage, which of the following about Ebola is true?
A. The Ebola outbreak now is the biggest one in history.
B. Ebola breaks out quickly but it is under control now.
C. Ebola is deadly and common so it kills a lot of people.
D. Ebola killed about 60 thousand people quickly in 1976.
2.The Ebola virus was brought to Nigeria by .
A. a flying bird B. an infected passenger
C. hot African weather D. a health organization
3.The last paragraph mainly tells us that .
A. it will be a huge waste when researchers spend lots of money finding a cure
B. the vaccines can be effective to wild chimpanzees but not to the humans
C. there will be an optimistic future in which we can defeat the disease
D. we can use the vaccine to cure the patients completely in 2015’s spring
4.What is the best title of the passage?
A. Ebola ---- The African Local Disaster
B. Ebola ---- The Newly-Found Disease
C. Ebola ---- A More Effective Vaccine
D. Ebola ---- The Deadly Virus Outbreak
