篇章结构
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every day we watch TV or read magazines or newspapers to get more information. But what are the advantages or disadvantages of the two media?
1. Watching them is pleasant and does not require the effort of reading. If television did not cover the news, some people would know nothing about what is going on in the world.
However, television newscasters cover only the events that they have time for, and they prefer stories that include some impressive pictures. Viewers are quickly bored with reporters who sit and talk into the camera. 2. .
However, 3. . They can include details, and a person with a special interest can take the time to read them. Others can stick to the headlines.
Reading allows more freedom of choice than television. 4. In broadcasting, “one size fits all”. However, a person who reads newspapers and magazines can choose to spend time on business, sports, health, or the school board election, depending on special interests.
5. However, a person who has individual interests and who wants the whole story needs newspapers and magazines as well.
A. TV news is not a person’s only source of news.
B. Television news shows are impressive and interesting.
C. More people get news by watching television than by reading newspapers.
D. The TV audience cannot decide which stories to watch.
E. Television provides a useful glance at what’s happening.
F. newspapers and magazines do a better job of explaining complex events.
G. As a result, a complicated story is often cut short.
Think about what you usually have for a meal: Is it a hamburger? What about vegetables? Would it surprise you to learn that what you eat can affect the whole planet?
It can--in a big way. Scientists attending the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in Chicago presented new studies showing how food and its production affect the globe and its warming climate. It is generally believed that global warming is caused by the large amounts of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. One of these greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide.
What does this have to do with food? A big part of the carbon dioxide comes from the process of making and eating food, the scientists reported in Chicago. The production of meat contributes to a lot of that carbon dioxide.
The process of making a hamburger, for example, requires a lot of energy. A cow has to be fed and raised on farmland, and cow manure(肥料)is a major source of methane(甲烷)--an especially powerful greenhouse gas. By the time a hamburger is finally served on a dinner plate, it has done great harm to the environment.
The message from the research is clear: We can greatly reduce the production of greenhouse gases by eating less meat.
All kinds of meat, the scientists reported, are harder on the planet than vegetables. To grow and eat a pound of potatoes, for example, sends less than one-quarter pound of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases into the air. So shifting our diet to less meat and more vegetables ,as it turns out, may do the world some good.
1.Generally speaking , people believe that global warming is caused by ________.
A. cutting down too many trees.
B. releasing too many greenhouse gases.
C. growing too many vegetables.
D. raising too many cows.
2.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. To make and eat meat requires a great deal of energy.
B. To feed and raise cows on farmland contributes to greenhouse gases.
C. To make and eat hamburgers sends greenhouse gases into the air.
D. To grow and eat vegetables does no harm to the environment.
3.According to the passage , the writer seemingly intends to ________.
A. appeal to us to protect the environment by eating less meat food.
B. persuade us to develop a good eating habit to keep healthy
C. advise us to make less hamburgers in order to save energy.
D. encourage us to grow more vegetables to reduce greenhouse gases.
The United States Capitol Dome(圆顶) in Washington, DC, is recognized around the world as a symbol of the U.S. Government. Since last November, the dome has been surrounded by metal poles and heavy cloth as part of a repair project.
The last major repair work on the U.S. Capitol took place in 1960. Since then, the dome has become weathered and worn. The Architect of the Capitol group reports that the dome has more than 1,000 narrow breaks on its surface and other damage.
The dome was completed around 1863. U. S. Senate Historian Don Ritchie says the dome’s cast(石膏) iron frame is at special risk of weathering. “The capitol dome, being cast iron, has been hit by lightning countless times. And so the current construction is to repair the leaks, to fill the cracks, to take off extra layers of paint.”
Some recent visitors to the Capitol were unhappy about its current appearance. They had hoped to get a picture of the usually shining dome. Joyce said, “It was impressive, and very fantastic, and all white, but when I come here today, it is under construction so my family cannot see it clearly, it is kind of a disappointment.”
Others were more understanding of the repairs. Rick Jones, another visitor, said, “It’s a little inconvenient for us not to see the dome but you have to think about the future and the people will be coming to this place for centuries...and you know ,there just needs to be preventive maintenance(维护). I am not upset with that at all.”
The project is expected to take more than two years to complete. The dome should be ready for a new president in January 2017.
1.We can learn from the passage that the United States Capitol Dome is _______.
A. widely recognized as a symbol of the U.K. government.
B. surrounded by many repair projects
C. worn by being exposed to the weather
D. well maintained and in excellent condition
2. Which of the following is NOT included in the current construction?
A. To replace the cast iron frame.
B. To stop the leaks(渗漏).
C. To remove the old paint.
D. To fill up the narrow breaks.
3.What do we learn about the recent visitors to the Capitol ?
A. They could get a clear look at the dome.
B. They were all disappointed at the sight of the Capitol’s building.
C. They were impressed by the white dome’s fantastic beauty.
D. They held different views on the Capitol’s current appearance.
4.The text is most probably taken from ___________.
A. a book review B. a news report
C. a guide book D. a science report
How can we reduce the risk?
There are four general approaches to dealing with volcanic(火山似的) dangers. We can try to keep the danger from occurring-often an impossible task. We can try to change its path or reduce its impact on existing development. We can take steps to protect future development. We can also do our best to have disaster response plans in place before they are needed.
Removing the Threat
Clearly, there is no way to stop an eruption. We can, however, attempt to reduce the eruption’s effects by strengthening structures, for example, building protective works such as walls to make lava(熔岩) flow away from developed areas. Such efforts can be and have been successful, but are of limited use in a large-scale(范围)eruption.
Planning for the Future
Protecting future development from volcanic dangers is a simple task. Before building houses, we should judge the risk. If the risk seems too great, a safer location should be found. This type of planning is very effective, but all too often, people are drawn to the lush(葱郁的)，rolling land of a quiet volcano.
Disaster Preparedness(预案)
When a volcano comes to life, a few weeks may not be enough time to avoid a tragedy. Planning is the key to saving lives. Well before the warning signs occur, people must be educated about volcanic dangers. Escape plans must be in place. Communication between scientists, officials, the media, and the general public should be practiced. Emergency measures must be thought out and agreed upon.
If you doubt the importance of these efforts, take another look at past volcanic tragedies, such as the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz. Communication failures left the town of Armero unprepared for escape. When a deadly mudflow came down the slope(斜坡), 21,000 people--90 percent of the town’s people--died.
1.The passage is intended for ________.
A. the general public B. architects
C. adventurers D. geographers
2. When building houses , people tend to ________.
A. judge volcanic dangers carefully
B. take volcanic dangers seriously
C. like to live near a quiet volcano
D. find a safer place far away from a volcano
3. The writer mentioned Nevado del Ruiz to prove ________.
A. The failure to keep volcanic dangers from happening
B. The importance of preparing for a volcanic eruption
C. The bravery of the people in Armero Town
D. The uncertainty of volcano’s damage
4.The passage is mainly about ________.
A. why volcanoes can erupt suddenly
B. who can predict the eruption of volcanoes
C. where the volcanoes are most active
D. how we can reduce the risk of volcanoes
After spending a year in Brazil on a student exchange program, her mother recalled(回忆), Marie Colvin returned home to find that her classmates had narrowed down their college choices. “Everyone else was already admitted to college,” her mother, Rosemarie Colvin, said from the family home. “So she took our car and drove up to Yale and said , ‘You have to let me in .’ ”
“Impressed--she was a National Merit (全国英才) finalist who had picked up Portuguese in Brazil--Yale did, admitting her to the class of 1978, where she started writing for the Yale Daily News and decided to be a journalist,” her mother said.
On Wednesday, Marie Colvin, 56, an experienced journalist for The Sunday Times of London, was killed as Syrian forces shelled(炮击) the city of Homs. She was working in a temporary media center that was destroyed in the attack.
“She was supposed to leave Syria on Wednesday”, Mrs. Colvin said. “Her editor told me he called her yesterday and said it was getting too dangerous and they wanted to take her out. She said she was doing a story and she wanted to finish it.”
Mrs. Colvin said it was pointless to try to prevent her daughter from going to conflict zones. “If you knew my daughter,” she said, “it would have been such a waste of words. She was determined, she was enthusiastic about what she did, it was her life. There was no saying ‘Don’t do this.’ This is who she was , absolutely who she was and what she believed in :cover the story, not just have pictures of it, but bring it to life in the deepest way you could.” “So it was not a surprise when she took an interest in journalism,” her mother said.
1.From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can infer that ________ .
A. Yale was her last choice
B. Marie Colvin was confident of herself
C. Yale must keep its promise to Marie Colvin
D. Marie Colvin was good at persuading
2.Which of the following is the correct order to describe Marie Colvin’s life ?
a. She was doing a story in Syria and got killed.
b. She was admitted to Yale University.
c. She studied in Brazil as an excellent student.
d. She was hired by The Sunday Times of London.
e. She began to take an interest in journalism.
A. d→e→c→a→b B. b→c→d→e→a
C. e→d→c→b→a D. c→b→e→d→a
3.From the last paragraph, we can know that Mrs. Colvin ________.
A. dislikes the choice of her daughter.
B. cares little about her daughter.
C. knows her daughter very well.
D. doesn’t fully appreciate her daughter.
4.What can be the best title of the text ?
A. Covering Stories in a Dangerous Conflict Area.
B. Applying for Top Universities, a Successful Case
C. Choosing Lifelong Careers Based on Your Own Interest.
D. Recalling Her Daughter, a Journalist Killed in Syria.
书面表达
假定你是李华，你的班级准备举行一场中秋诗会。请代表班级给外教Mr. Hill发一封英文邀请函，主要内容包括：
1． 活动时间：9月15日晚7点至9点。
2．活动地点：南湖公园
3．活动内容：赏月、品尝月饼、朗诵诗歌等
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：诗歌朗诵会 poetry recital party 南湖公园South Lake Park
Dear Mr. Hill
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
