短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __1.___ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __2.___ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ___3.__ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass ___4.___ it began to rain heavily. While ___5.___ (make) great efforts to runaway, she ___6.__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnson tried to make a living __7.___ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __8.__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs , vegetables and cotton in the market ___9.__ people from the town met regularly. Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the _10.___(die) of the cow was a bit of luck.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1.
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2.
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is“ associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4. Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).
5. Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A. Make choices that are right for you.
B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D. And examine the findings of the original research.
E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.
G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found away to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first ________ back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an ________ , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the________ at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done ________ his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities________ he didn’t have the time or the ________ . He had only one good suit. He tried ________ the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too ________ . During this period Dale was slowly ________ an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could ________ him from achieving his real potential. She 51 that Dale join the debating team, believing that ________ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts ________ made it. This proved to be a________ point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the________ he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in ________. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, ________, were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to ________ his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to ________ an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, ________ it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
1.A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized
2.A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction
3.A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment
4.A. between B. during C. over D. through
5.A. while B. when C. because D. though
6.A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes
7.A. on B. for C. in D. with
8.A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing
9.A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining
10.A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free
11.A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted
12.A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential
13.A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally
14.A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning
15.A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence
16.A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming
17.A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact
18.A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build
19.A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat
20.A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with
Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.“There’s so much to learn,” he’d say. “Though we’re born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.
Then came the moment—the time to share the day’s new learning.
Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen.
“Felice,” he’d say, “tell me what you learned today.”
“I learned that the population of Nepal is ....”
Silence.
Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well….” he’d say. “Get the map; let’s see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.
This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.
As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.
Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.
1. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. The author’s father was born in a worker’s family.
B. Those born stupid could not change their life.
C. The town elders wanted to learn about the world.
D. The poor could hardly afford school education.
2. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A. one new thing B. a request
C. the news D. some comment
3. It can be learned from the passage that the author________.
A. enjoyed talking about news
B. knew very well about Nepal
C. felt regret about those wasted days
D. appreciated his father’s educational technique
4. What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?
A. Continual learning.
B. Showing talents.
C. Family get-together.
D. Winning Papa’s approval.
5. The author’s father can be best described as ________.
A. an educator expert at training future teachers
B. a parent insistent on his children’s education
C. a participant willing to share his knowledge
D. a teacher strict about everything his students did
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren’t?
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）.Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science.
1. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.
A. illustrate where science can be applied
B. demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new book
C. remind the reader of the importance of science
D. explain why many writers use science in their works
2.According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?
A. Its strong basis. B. Its convincing points.
C. Its clear writing. D. Its memorable characters.
3.What is the author’s general attitude towards the book?
A. Contradictory. B. Supportive.
C. Cautious. D. Critical.
4.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?
A. Problems with the book.
B. Brooks’s life experience.
C. Death of the characters.
D. Brooks’s translation skills.
You are a new manager at the American branch of your German firm in Chicago. With a few minutes to spare between meetings, you go to get a quick cup of coffee.
“Hey, David, how are you?” one of the senior partners at the firm asks you.
“Good, thank you, Dr. Greer,” you reply. You’ve really been wanting to make a connection with the senior leadership at the firm, and this seems like a great opportunity. But as you start to think of something to say, your American colleague breaks in to steal your spotlight.
“So Arnold”, your colleague says to your boss, in such a casual manner that it makes your German soul cringe(畏缩), “So what’s your Super bowl prediction? I mean, you’re a Niners fan, right?”
The conversation moves on, and you walk silently back to your desk with your coffee. You know how important small talk is in the U.S., and you feel jealous of people who can do it well.
There’s nothing small about the role that small talk plays in American professional culture. People from other countries are often surprised at how important small talk is in the U.S. and how naturally and comfortably people seem to do it ------ with peers, men, women, and even with superiors. You can be the most technically skilled worker in the world, but your ability to progress in your job in the United States is highly dependent on your ability to build and maintain positive relationships with people at work. And guess what skill is critical for building and maintaining these relationships? Small talk.
What can you do if you are from another culture and want to learn to use small talk in the U.S. to build relationships and establish trust? Work hard to hone(磨练) your own version of American-style small talk. Watch how others do it. You don’t have to mimic what they do; in fact, that would likely backfire because people would see you as inauthentic. But if you can develop your own personal version, that can go a long way toward making you feel comfortable and competence．
1.The author introduces the topic of the passage by______.
A. describing an interesting scene
B. offering a plot
C. making comparisons
D. telling a small jokes
2.What do we know about German people?
A．They usually make small talk in work breaks．
B．They hate making small talk．
C．They don’t make so much small talk．
D．They are good at making small talk too．
3.What makes people from other countries surprised in American professional culture?
A．American workers’ ability to make progress．
B．American workers’ attitude towards superiors．
C．The special meaning of small talk．
D．The role small talk plays in work settings．
4.What does “backfire” underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A．have a warm atmosphere
B．have the opposite effect
C．have a good result
D．have a hard time
