阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When police experts debate climate change solutions, they often talk about “a price on carbon". They are 1. (argue) about whether companies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air.
Carbon pollution, like every other from of pollution, 2. (have) an impact on the environment. 3. (throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people 4. drink the water to get sick. And when you produce carbon pollution, you get climate change-sea level rise, stronger storms, severe droughts, damage to agriculture, and more.
All of those impacts cost money. Insurance rates go up when storms get more 5. (destruction). Taxes increase when cities have to rebuild bridges and roads. Military budgets go up when droughts and population 6. (change) cause conflict, not to mention impacts on agriculture and health care costs.
In other words, the price on carbon is 7. we all pay when there is no market force 8. (limit) the pollution that causes climate change. So the debate is 9. (real) about who will pay that price-- 10. companies which are making a profit from the fossil fuels, or the taxpayers who pick up the cost now?
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In my mind. ance Armstrong is a real hero. He has ________ so many things and inspired so many people.
He ________ a life-threatening disease, and has lived a very complete life, ________ giving so much to others．
He is a great teammate and leader. He ________ his winnings from races to his ________ . Armstrong knew he could win only with their help. Even though he has retired, he still helps direct the ________ .Many people admire him________ what he has achieved.
Lance Armstrong was ________ with cancer at 25 and didn't just survive but went on to again win the________ cycling race in the world, the Tour de France. He has raised money for cancer patients. He also ________ the lance Armstrong Foundation and has helped the Make-A-Wish Foundation.
He has won the Tour de France seven times, ________ is a great accomplishment for anyone. ________ one who survived calncer.1t is said to be the longest and must ________ race in a11of cycling. He ________ as a helpful teammate and then became a leader. He has also ________ the Tour of Georgia.
The Lance Armstrong Foundation has ________ $14.4 million for cancer research and started a center for cancer survivors. His contributions may help find a ________ , I know what's what he is________ for.
As you can see. Lance Armstrong has many ________ that make him a hero. He is a good leader with goals. He is an inspiration to kids and adults. I ________that he will try his hardest to find a way to beat cancer and help its survivors.
1.A. accomplished B. adopted C. established D. attempted
2.A. suffered B. defeated C. experienced D. recovered
3.A. even B. thenC. thus D. still
4.A. devotedB. referred C. gave D. explained
5.A. parents B. players C. teammates D. friends
6.A. raceB. team C. tour D. sport
7.A. asB. with C. at D. for
8.A. diagnosedB. faced C. filled D. connected
9.A. bestB. hardest C. coolest D. simplest
10.A. found B. assisted C. founded D. suggested
11.A. that B. which C. what D. why
12.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. generally D. normally
13.A. famous B. challenging C. interesting D. attractive
14.A. started outB. made out C. put out D. held out
15.A. directed B. managed C. defeated D. won
16.A. offered B. donated C. collected D. earned
17.A. means B. cure C. treatment D. case
18.A. looking B. asking C. hoping D. taking
19.A. tricks B. qualitiesC. habits D. customs
20.A. doubtB. argue C. guarantee D. decide
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people admit that they aren't prepared financially for life's unexpected challenges and emergencies. If your New Year's decision is to become more financially prepared for a“rainy day” the following tips are helpful for you to save,
Start saving now.
Set specific savings goals and break them down to a set dollar amount to save each paycheck. 1. Save at least a small portion of each paycheck and remain committed to saving, and then look for ways each month to increase the amount.
2.
One of the simplest ways to find money to put toward your rainy day fund is to keep a close eye on where your money is being spent. For two or three months, try keeping track of every expense, including small ones. Once you have a better idea of where your money is going, make a budget that includes a spending and savings plan. 3.
Make saving automatic.
4. If your goal is to save $5,000 this year, calculate the amount you'll need to save from each paycheck, then arrange to have it automatically saved into your savings account each time you get paid. Visit your bank branch and ask a banker if you can set up automatic transfers into your savings account.
Go on a spending diet.
Avoid spending any money on non-essentials for 30 days and challenge yourself to save as much as you can to put toward your rainy clay fund. 5. Then make a list and determine not to spend on these items for one month,
A. Track your spending.
B. Put your savings to work.
C. Do remember: Actions always speak louder than words.
D. The important thing is to start saving now, no matter how little.
E. Treat your rainy day account like you'd treat any other financial obligation（债务 ).
F. Review your budget at the end of every month and determine if your spending is in line with your p1an.
G. Review your budget and identify extra or non-essential expenses, such as eating out, shopping. entertainment, etc.
Controlling traffic is a complex and high cost problem in many developed countries. It becomes more difficult and costly with the ever- increasing number of cars on the roads. But scientists and students at the CATT, at the University of Maryland are working to solve this problem. They are using simulation(模拟) technologies to help government and private business control and react to changing traffic conditions.
The online economics magazine Forbes.com says traffic congestion(拥挤) cost Americans $ 124 billion in 2014 and that number could rise to $ 186 billion by 2030.
Bui scientists at the CATT lab are trying to reduce those costs. They are developing a system that helps traffic managers. planners, emergency workers and businesses plan and react better. Michael Pack is CATT director. He says the system is important to help emergency workers, or first responders，reach an accident area faster.
The CATT Lab collects information from many sources, including roadside devices, GPS (global positioning system) equipment and wireless phones.
About 60 students and 30 software developers observe traffic flow and manage the computer servers at all times. They also work to develop software and applications that can help traffic run smoother and safer, Some of them turn the information gathered into so-called "visualizations". These visual representations help emergency workers better understand what is happening.
The center shares its findings with firefighters, police，Transportation departments and the military. They also share information with universities and transportation company. The technology company Google uses the data for its traffic-related websites. Michael Pack says, the information is then shared with anyone who wants to help traffic run more smoothly.
Mr. Pack says the goal is to help develop an intelligent system of road signals that will communicate with each other and with vehicles on the road.
1.The second paragraph is written to
A. attract more people to look through Forbes.com.
B. tell readers what Forbes.com says on its website
C. show how much money controlling costs America
D. prove it is very expensive for some developed countries to control traffic
2.What benefit can emergency workers get from the system developed by the CATT lab?
A. They can be safer.
B. They can reach an accident area faster.
C. They can get more advice from people.
D. They can share their information with others.
3.Which of the following is NOT true about the developers and the students at the CATT?
A. They observe traffic flow continuously.
B. They develop software and applications.
C. They control the computer servers occasionally.
D. They change the information gathered into visual image.
4.1n which column of the newspaper can you read this text?
A. Daily life. B. Science. C. Education. D. Exploration.
You may think, salt is just a simple cooking element we shake on our food for a little extra taste. But salt is much more than that. Without salt our muscles would not move. Our nervous systems would not operate. Our hearts would not beat.
But do not think rubbing salt in a wound will help. Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound. To rub salt in a wound is an idiom that means to purposefully make a bad situation worse.
Early humans got the salt they needed to stay alive from the animals they killed. But advances in agriculture led to a diet low in salt. So, humans needed to find other sources. Those who lived near the ocean or other natural sources for salt were lucky. Those who did not had to trade for salt. In fact, people used salt as a method of payment in many parts of the ancient world. The word "salary" comes from the word "salt".
Salt also played an important part in population movement and world exploration. Explorers understood that if they could keep food fresh，they could travel longer distances. So they used salt to preserve food and explored the world.
Salt was so important that, according to food historians. it was traded pound-for-pound for gold. Today, people still use the expressions "to be worth one's salt" or "worth one's weight in salt". The expressions describe a person of value.
A person might also be called salt of the earth. That description means he or she is dependable and trustworthy. However, when you say "I think we should take what he said with a grain of salt" you mean you accept it but maintain a degree of doubt about its truth.
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Salt plays an important part in our life.
B. Salt makes food tasty.
C. Salt is considered to be part of our muscles.
D. Salt is sure to damage nervous systems.
2.A beggar's bread was stolen last night.，which means .
A. salt of the earth B. rubbing salt in a wound
C. a diet low in salt D. worth his salt
3.If you describe a person as a great help, you mean .
A. he is called salt of the earth
B. he is often taken as a grain of salt
C. he often uses salt to preserve meat
D. he is worth his weight in salt
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Salt Is More Than a Four-letter Word.
B. Salt Is a Basic Element in Cooking.
C. Salt Is a Word with a Long History.
D. Salt Is Popular with Different Persons.
The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year.
Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook-stoves in the home. To help fight the problem, the WHO announced, new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.
WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking? heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4. 3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple coal cook-stoves. Most of the deaths are in developing countries.
Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO's Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not improve the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors.
WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease, childhood pneumonia（肺炎） and lung cancer. Women and girls are the main victims. The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.
Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cook-stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.
WHO experts note some new, safe and low-cost technologies that could help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction(电磁) stove for about $ 8.00. And in Africa a you can buy a solar lamp for less than $ 1. 00.
1.What has been done to reduce indoor air pollution?
A. The WHO provided selfless assistance for the poor.
B. People are forbidden to use coal-stoves inside.
C. The WHO issues official advice to cut down pollution,
D. People are taught how to correctly use their stoves.
2.According to WHO officials, we can know that
A. many people refuse to use clean fuels and technologies
B. seven million people die from indoor air pollution
C. simple coal cook-stoves cause too many deaths
D. the processed coal is dangerous to people’s heath
3.It can be concluded from the fifth paragraph that .
A. most children are suffering a lot from lung cancer
B. solid fuels are easily producing pollutants
C. sub-Saharan Africa is the poorest place
D. some countries are at the risk of using up fuels
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A. More and more will die in the future.
B. It is not hard to solve indoor air pollutants.
C. Most people cannot afford a new stove.
D. The WHO will take strong measures.
