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阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处...

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a       in number. Human beings are born with this ability.    , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not       . However, if you remove two, the bird       leaves. This means that the bird knows the       between two and three.

Another interesting experiment showed a bird's    number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not        until the man left the tower. The man had an      .He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not     the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was        with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were     .It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were     able to fool the crow.

How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a      group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are         fooled.

It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human     is not much better than a crow's.

1.A. rise            B. pattern          C. change           D. trend

2.A. Importantly      B. Surprisingly    C. Disappointedly   D. Fortunately

3.A. survive         B. care             C. hatch           D. notice

4.A. generally       B. sincerely        C. casually         D. deliberately

5.A. distance         B. range           C. difference       D. interval

6.A. amazing          B. annoying       C. satisfying       D. disturbing

7.A. relax            B. recover          C. react            D. return

8.A. appointment      B. excuse          C. idea             D. explanation

9.A. fool             B. hurt             C. catch            D. kill

10.A. reported        B. repeated       C. designed         D. approved

11.A. confused        B. gone             C. tired            D. drunk

12.A. gradually       B. luckily          C. strangely        D. finally

13.A. single         B. small            C. local           D. new

14.A. seldom         B. temporarily      C. merely           D. often

15.A. sight           B. nature          C. ability          D. belief

 

1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.C 【解析】 试题分析:数字感并不是计算的能力,它是辨认数字变化的能力,人天生下来就有这种能力。然而,实验表明动物也有这种能力。 1.C考查动词。A rise 意为上升;B pattern 意为样式;C. change 变化;D trend 意为趋向。后文中的从four, one, two都说明是在变化。句意:数字感是分辨数字变化的能力。故选C。 2.B考查副词。A. Importantly重要地;B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地;C. Disappointedly 感到失望地;D. Fortunately遗憾地。根据上下文的语境可知,分别说到“人类与生俱来具有这种能力(分辨数字变化的能力)”和“很多鸟类也有很好的数字感”,运用逻辑推断可知,因“实验表明许多动物也跟人类一样具有这种能力”,这是“令人惊讶的”。故选B。 3.考查动词。A. survive幸存; B. care关心;C. hatch孵出;D. notice注意到。根据上文的“recognize”和下文的“knows the ”语义提示可知,这是这两个词的同义词复现,本句句义为:如果一个鸟窝里有四颗鸟蛋,你拿走一个,鸟儿是不会发现的。故选D。 4.A考查副词。A. generally通常,一般情况下;B. sincerely真诚地;C. casually偶然地,无意地;D. deliberately故意地,审慎地。根据常识判断,这里要表达的意思是:如果你取走两颗鸟蛋,鸟类在通常情况下会离开(飞走)。故选A。 5.上文的例子谈到,四个中移走一个余下三个,这只鸟会注意不到;若移走两个,余下两个了,这只鸟通常就会离开的。这说明这只鸟知道余下两个与余下三个的“差别”。故选C。 6.A考查形容词。A. amazing 令人惊讶的;B. annoying 令人烦恼的;C. satisfying令人满意的;D. disturbing烦扰的,令人不安的。根据上下文的语义提示可知,这里要表达的意思是:另一个有意思的实验也显示了鸟类的这种令人惊奇的数字感。故选A。 7.考查动词。A. relax放松;B. recover恢复;C. react回应;D. return归还。本句句义为:这只鸟直到那个人离开那座塔之后才离开。事实上这里的return与上句中的left形成反义词的复现关系。故选D。 8.C 考查名词。A. appointment约定;B. excuse借口;C. idea主意;D. explanation解释。上下文重现。根据上下文的语境可知,这个人第一种方法行不通,所以这里再用另一方法,由此运用逻辑推断可知,这里要表达的意思是:这个人有(或想出)了一个主意。根据语境,下文讲了他的具体做法。A、B和D都不符合,C为正确答案:先有了想法或主意,然后是具体的行为。故选C。 9.A考查动词。A. fool愚蠢;B. hurt使受伤;C. catch抓住;D. kill杀死。原词重现,根据 “ able to fool the crow.”的fool 以及64题“the children are fooled.”的词fooled可以得出答案。故选A。 10. 考查动词。A. reported报道;B. repeated重复;C. designed设计;D. approved赞成,同意。 该实验由一个人去接近那只乌鸦,然后带一个人即一共两个人去做这个实验,接着三个人、四个人去“重复”做这个实验。此外,也可以根据常识中的实验是要反复进行的。故选B。 11.B 考查动词。A. confused使困窘,使混乱;B. gone走了,过去的,用完了;C. tired 感到累的;D. drunk醉的,沉醉。同义重现,根据语句“The crow stayed away until the second man left, too.”中的left的语句“It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were able to fool the crow.”中的left可以知道答案。句意为表示两次实验的结果:但是乌鸦都是等到所有人走后才回巢。故选B。 12.D考查副词。A. gradually渐渐地; B. luckily 幸运地;C. strangely惊讶地,奇怪地;D. finally最后。本句以强调句的形式交代了,最后的一次实验及实验结果:直到五个人进入到塔中,只有四个人离开时,他们才最终把乌鸦给搞糊涂了/愚弄了乌鸦。故选D。 13.B考查形容词。A. single 单一的;B. small小的;C. local当地的;D. new新的。根据本段语境并结合常识可知,前两句在说:人类的数字感觉也不是非常好。再根据大语境,全文一直在讲,对于鸟类在小数字变换时的数字分辨能力的实验。显然可以推出本句句义为:例如,当从一个很小的一组东西中拿走一些时,十四个月大的婴儿几乎总是能够注意到(这个变化)。这里的small与以上的数字均形成具体与概括的复现关系。故选B。 14.D考查副词。A. seldom很少,难得;B. temporarily临时地;C. merely只是,仅仅;D. often经常。根据语义提示可知,这里的often与第三句中的almost形成近义词复现关系。根据语境与行文逻辑,本句句义为:但是当数字超过三或者四时,婴儿们通常会被搞糊涂。故选D。 15.根据上文的语义提示可知,这里的ability与首段的ability形成同词复现的关系。文章末段与首段开甩语义照应上的前后照应的关系。本句句义为:好像数字感是我们与世界上的许多动物都具备的能力,而且我们人类的识别数字的能力不比乌鸦强到哪儿去。故选C。 考点:考查说明文阅读
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