Question

People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a ____ problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without _____; they try to find a solution by trial and error. ____, when all these methods _____, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six _____ in analyzing a problem.

First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must ____ that there is a problem with his bicycle.

Next the thinker must _____ the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For instance, he must _____ the parts that are wrong.

Now the person must look for _____ that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam _____ that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. _____, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.

After ____ the problem, the person should have _____ suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example_____, his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.

Eventually one _____ seems to be the solution ____ the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes quite ____ because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a ____way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)stuck to a brake. He _____ hits on the solution to his problem: he must clean the brake.

Finally the solution is ____. Sam does it and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.

1.A. serious         B. usual           C. Common        D. similar

2.A. thinking        B. practice         C. understanding    D. help

3.A. Besides         B. Instead          C. Otherwise        D. However

4.A.  work          B. fail             C. change          D. develop

5.A. ways           B.stages            C. conditions       D. orders

6.A. explain         B. prove            C. see             D. show

7.A. find            B. judge            C. describe        D. face

8.A. determine       B. check           C. correct          D. recover

9.A. answers         B. skills            C. information      D. explanation

10.A. hopes         B. decides          C. argues          D. suggests

11.A. In other words  B. Once in a while   C. At this time       D. First of all

12.A. discussing      B. settling down     C. comparing with    D. studying

13.A. extra          B. several           C. enough          D. countless

14.A. again          B. secondly         C. also             D. alone

15.A. suggestion      B. conclusion       C. decision          D. discovery

16.A. with           B. to               C. into             D. for

17.A. unexpectedly   B. late             C. clearly           D. often

18.A. simple         B. quick            C. different         D. sudden

19.A. fortunate       B. easily           C. immediately      D. clearly

20.A. recorded       B. tested           C. competed        D. accepted

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.B

5.B

6.C

7.A

8.A

9.C

10.B

11.C

12.D

13.B

14.A

15.A

16.B

17.A

18.C

19.C

20.B

【解析】

试题分析：这是一篇说明文，通过举例说明了解决问题的六大步骤

1.D考查形容词辨析A. serious严重的；B. usual 通常的；C. Common 普通的；D. similar 相似的；句意：人们不总是对遇到的每一个问题进行分析。他们往往试图记起上次遇到与之相似的问题时的解决办法，故选D项。

2.A考查名词辨析A. thinking 想法；B. practice练习；C. understanding理解；D. help帮忙；句意：其实时候他们会没有思考就开始行动；此处without thinking意为：不假思索，可根据 by trial and error（反复试验）判断选A项。

3.D考查副词辨析A. Besides况且；B. Instead 代替；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而；句意：然而当所有的方法失败后，他们就会开始分析；两个句子是转折关系，故选D项。

4.B考查动词辨析A. work工作；B. fail失败；C. change改变；D. develop发展；句意：然而当所有的方法失败后，他们就会开始分析，故选B项。

5.B考查名词辨析A. ways 方法；B.stages策略；C. conditions条件；D. orders顺序；根据下文的描述可知。此处stage的意思是“步骤”。分析问题有六个步骤，故选B项。

6.C考查动词辨析A. explain解释；B. prove证明；C. see 看，明白；D. show展示；此处see在这句话中意为：明白。当Sam的自行车不能正常使用时，他应该明白自行车出了毛病，故选C项。

7.A考查动词辨析A. find 发现；B. judge判断；C. describe 描述；D. face面对；第二步是找出问题。其他选项和后面所举例子不符。

8.A考查动词辨析A. determine 决定；B. check 检查；C. correct 改正； D. recover恢复；判定是哪些零件出了问题。check是“检查”的意思，问题还没查出来，当然就谈不上“检查出错的零件”了，故选A项。

9.C考查名词辨析A. answers回答；B. skills技术；C. information 信息；D. explanation 解释；从后面所举例子中可以看出，第三步是寻找有关的解决问题的信(如看书，问修车的朋友，故选C项。

10.B考查动词辨析A. hopes希望；B. decides 决定；C. argues 争论；D. suggests建议；句意：比如，假设山姆判定因为刹车出现问题所以自行车不能行走，根据句意选B项。

11.C考查短语辨析；A. In other words换句话说；B. Once in a while曾经；C. At this time此时；D. First of all 首先；句意：这次，他可以看修自行车的书，故选C项。

12.D考查动词短语辨析A. discussing 讨论；B. settling down解决；C. comparing with与。。比较；D. studying学习研究；句意：上面所做的事情属于研究问题范畴，故选D项。

13.B考查形容词辨析A. extra 额外的；B several 几个；C. enough足够的；D. countless数不清的；第四步是提出数个解决方案。从后面所举例子看，several比较适合，故选B项。

14.A考查副词辨析A. again再次；B. secondly其次；C. also也；D. alone单独地；仍然以Sam修自行车为例，所以填again

15.A考查名词辨析A. suggestion建议；B. conclusion结论；C. decision 决定；D. discovery发现；句意：其中一个建议会解决问题，从前面的his suggestions might be:可知选B。

16.B考查介词辨析。句意：最后其中的一个建议会是这个问题的解析方案。The solution to …的解析方案，故选B项。

17.A考查副词辨析A. unexpectedly未预料到的；B. late 迟的；C. clearly清晰地；D. often经常；从后面的单车刹车上粘了一块口香糖例子中可以看出，有时解决问题的方法实际上很简单，出乎人们意料之外，故选A项。

18.C考查形容词辨析A. simple简单地；B. quick 快速的；C. different不同的；D. sudden突然的；因为想解决问题的人突然发现了一些东西，直接就找到了症结所在，而这这种方法与上文所述是不同的，故选C项。

19.C考查形容词辨析A. fortunate幸运的；B. easily容易地；C. immediately立刻；D. clearly清晰地；句意：他立刻想起一个方法，清理刹车，根据语境可知选C项。

20.B考查动词辨析A. recorded记录；B. tested测试；C. competed完成；D. accepted接受；最后一步是检验解决问题的方案是否可行有效，故选B项。