Protagoras was among the great teachers of ancient Athens. He taught many subjects, including the laws of argument(辩论) and the right use of language. It is said that he was the first teacher to accept money for his services.
A student, Evalthus, heard of this famous teacher and asked him to give him lessons. However, Evalthus didn’t want to pay for his lessons at once, and after some discussion it was finally agreed between them that Evalthus should pay only if he won his first case in the court. For if he won, it would prove that he had been taught well.
The lessons began and Evalthus proved himself to be a good student. But he refused to pay Protagoras anything at the end of his studies.
Protagoras therefore took Evalthus to the court and told the judges that he wanted his money. He explained that he must be paid whether he won or lost the case. “Whatever you decide,” he declared(宣称)to the judges, “ I must be paid. For if you decide in my fovor , then I win the case, and so I must be paid . But If you decide against me, then Evalthus has won his first case in the court; according to our agreement, he must pay his lessons. Therefore I shall get my money whatever happens.”
The Athenian judges found no fault in it, so they asked Evalthus to reply.
“No, it’s quite clear,” said Evalthus, “ that I need not pay. If the judged decide in my favor, then I have won the case, and I need not to pay. But if Protagoras wins, then I have lost my first case. Therefore, according to our agreement, I do not have to pay. So I need not pay in any event.”
As both arguments appeared to be faultless, the judges were unable to come to a decision. They therefore ordered the two men to appear before them again one hundred years later.
1.Evalthus would pay Protagoras _______________.
A. before he started his lessons
B. after he finished his lessons
C. after the court decided against him
D. after the court proved that he was taught well
2.What do we know about Protagoras?
A. He won the judges’ favor in the end and got his money.
B. He was probably the first teacher to accept money for his lessons.
C. He didn’t teach Evalthus well because Evalthus didn’t pay.
D. He was not confident of his winning the case in the court.
3.Why did the judged ask Protagoras and Evalthus to come to the court one hundred years later?
A. They couldn’t make a decision.
B. They needed to think it over again.
C. They wanted to make fun of them.
D. They wanted more money from them.
4.What is probably the best title for the text?
A. A Smart Student---- Evalthus
B. A Great Teacher---Protagoras
C. Come Here One Hundred Years Later
D. A Fight Between Teacher and Student
We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.
Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.
We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?
For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers:How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent, ”he said.
Good advice, I thought. I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary.
1.Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?
A. To take special kinds of food.
B. To respond to climate change.
C. To lose weight.
D. To improve their health.
2.The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “ ”.
A. freezing points B. burning points
C. melting points D. boiling points
3.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time
B. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2
C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a month
D. the average European household produces about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month
4.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Saving Energy Starts at Home
B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work
C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable
D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult
B
1.If John wants to express his love to his wife, the book number he may choose is .
A.1404185526 B.0071460152
C.0312283202 D.140039404X
2.Which of the following will save the most money for you?
A. I Love You, Sweetheart
B. Eat Right for Your Metabolism
C. The Girls
D. The Twelve Dogs of Christmas Gift Set
3.What can we learn from the text?
A. Not only I Love You, Sweetheart but also The Girls is paperback.
B. There are many beautiful songs in I Love You, Sweetheart.
C. Eat Right for Your Metabolism tells us the importance of keeping healthy.
D. The Girls is thicker than The Twelve Dogs of Christmas Gift Set.
You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy？For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Don’t let jealousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.
It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship you’ll have to do just that. Don’t approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that you’ve been feeling like there’s been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.
When you figure out what is annoying your friend，ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If ,for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn't get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Don’t limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.
Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise. If you can’t, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won't.
1.According to the author，the jealousy emotion is ________.
A. normal B. productive C. destructive D. extreme
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?
A. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.
B. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.
C. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.
D. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there’s something coming between you.
3.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. There's always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.
B. Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.
C. You may lose a friend to keep your own gifts，chances or self-development.
D. You should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution
4.The purpose of the passage is ________.
A. to explain what causes jealousy
B. to offer some advice on making friends
C. to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend
D. to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is
目前，学校存在少数考生考试作弊现象。某英文杂志社拟对此现象向中学生征文，标题是“My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations”。请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿。内容要点如下：
主要原因 | 考试偏多、偏难 |
不用功、懒惰 | |
取悦父母、老师 | |
个人看法 | 作弊不对，违反校规 |
……（其他看法） |
注意：
1. 短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2. 词数：100左右；
3. 参考词汇：作弊 cheat (v.)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I sometimes just wanted to sit in the dark. I hate to admit this, or sometimes when I’m feeling bad, I’ll lock myself in the bathroom, turn away the lights and just sit on the floor. I don’t know what. Maybe I feel comfortable and relaxed in totally darkness. Sometimes, I just stare into the darkness without think of anything. Maybe I’m sitting there waiting for someone show up. I also think of all kind of things sometimes. I will not only think of the things that they happened in the past, but imagine what will happen in a future. It really helps as I will be happier after that.
