Question

In the Caucasus (高加索) region of Russia, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100th birthday, and many don’t stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Russian old people aren’t alone. The Pakistanis, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Ecuadorans (厄瓜多尔人) of the Andes Mountains seem to share the secret of long life, too.

These people remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasians aged 100 to 140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked “at what age does youth end?” most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, “Well, perhaps at age 80.”

What accounts for (解释) this ability to survive to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam Mamedov is 142 years of age. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Mamedov has no intention of retiring from his life as a farmer. “Why? What else would I do?” he asks. All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations (海拔) of 1,660 to 1,000 meters above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced-oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel (血管) system stronger.

Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society. Inherited (遗传) factors also play some role. Most of the longest-living people had parents and grandparents who also reached very old ages. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.

1.The example of Mr. and Mrs. Mamedov implies that some Caucasians aged 100 to 140 _________.

A. become weak and hopeless

B. benefit from physical work

C. are too old to work in the fields

D. are still working in the fields

2. What is the main way of life for all of these long-living people?

A. Retiring from their lives as farmers.

B. Having been married for 90 years.

C. Hard physical work.

D. Having no intentions.

3.Which of the following factors is NOT helpful to people’s health and long life?

A. Clean mountain air.  B. Daily hard work.

C. Good genes           D. Stress and pressure.

4.What does the underlined word “isolation” mean?

A. the state of being separated   B. pressure

C. lack of physical labour        D. worry

5.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Russian people live longer than Americans

B. People in the city live longer than those in the country

C. The reason why mountainous people live longer

D. Pressures and worries contribute to long life

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.A

5.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文描述了很多地方人民健康长寿并始分析人民长寿的原因—干净的空气，体力劳动，远离压力以及遗传。

1. 细节题。根据第三段2,3句First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop.可知这些地区人长寿的秘密之一就是体力劳动，接着就举例说明了Mr. and Mrs. Mamedov。故B正确。

2. 细节题。根据根据第三段2,3句First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-living people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop可知这些人长寿的第一个原因就是他们长时间参加体力劳动，让他们的身体很健康。根据Mr. Mamedov has no intention of retiring from his life as a farmer.可知A项说法是错误的；B项也只是个别现象，没有普遍性。D项叙述不清楚。故C符合题目要求。

3. 细节题。根据文章最后两段The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free和Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society. Inherited (遗传) factors also play some role. 可知ABC三项都是这些人健康长寿的原因。D项不是，实际上D项是很多人不健康的主要原因。

4. 猜测词义题。根据下一句To a great extent (程度), they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society.这些人与工业社会的压力和担忧隔开很远。所以该词表示的是“隔离的状态”。故A正确。

5. 主旨大意题。作者在1,2段描述了很多地方人民健康长寿，从第三段开始分析人民长寿的原因。本文主要就是告诉我们这些人长寿的原因—干净的空气，体力劳动，远离压力以及遗传。故C正确。

考点：健康类阅读理解