It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can't fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain's temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
1.The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.
A. the time is too short for doctors
B. the patients are often too nervous
C. the damage is extremely hard to fix
D. the blood-cooling machine might break down
2.The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.
A. taking the blood out of the brain
B. trying the operation on monkeys first
C. having the blood go through a machine
D. lowering the brain' s temperature
3.With Dr. White's new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.
A. can last as long as 30 minutes
B. can keep the brain' s blood warm
C. can keep the patient' s brain healthy
D. can help monkeys do different jobs
4.What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a. send the cooled blood back to the brainb. stop the blood to the brain
c. have the blood cooled downd. operate on the brain
A. a,b,c,d B. c,a,b,d C. c, b, d, a D. b, c, d, a
Hello! My name is Lisa, and I am a lioness. I live on the open grasslands of Africa with my family. Lions living in a group are called a pride.
My father is strong and powerful. He and his cousin are the leaders of our pride. The other members are my mother, her sisters, and their children.
The area where a pride lives is big! We roar (咆哮) to tell each other where we are and to warn strangers to stay away.
Meet my new baby brother. His name is Leon. See the spots on his fur? We lions are born spotted or striped (有条纹的). As we grow older, the spots gradually disappear.
Lionesses usually spend their entire lives with their birth pride, but Leon will leave when he is about three years old. He’ll run around with a male (雄性的) friend or relative for a few years until they take over a pride of their own.
But for now, we have lots of fun together. We often play and fight for hours, which can help us practice skills that we will need for hunting.
We lions keep ourselves very clean. Just like a house cat, I clean my fur (毛) with my tongue. We clean for each other, too, to show we’re friends.
Lions like to sleep for most of the day. We hunt in the cool evening. Female (雌性的) lions hunt more often than male lions. We work together as a team. At the right moment, we attack and kill our prey. Then we share it. Male lions usually eat first. Females eat next. Baby lions are the last to eat. The smallest one gets the least food.
Since we are full, it’s time to go to find a nice place for a sleep. Bye!
1.According to the passage, Leon _____.
A. hunts more often than his sisters
B. will have spots on his fur for the whole of his life
C. will leave his birth pride when he is about three
D. will take over his birth pride when his father dies
2.The underlined word “prey” in the passage probably means _____.
A. the animal that is hunted
B. the animal that is dangerous
C. the animal that is powerful
D. the animal that is ill
3.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Lions sometimes clean their fur for each other.
B. Lions also develop their skills of hunting by having fun.
C. Lions in Africa usually hunt for food in the evening.
D. Baby lions are often the first to get food in their group.
4.The passage is written for _____.
A. doctors B. tourists C. childrenD. hunters
There was once a boy who was very rich and clever but nothing could make him feel happy. He had almost everything a boy could ever want, so he was only ____ in the rarest objects. One day his parents bought him a very strange _____ .When the boy went to see his reflection (映像) in it, he looked very ____. He tried smiling, ____ his reflection continued with its sad expression.
____ , the boy went off to buy sweets and lots of toys. He came home as happy as he could be, but he _____ looked sad in that mirror.
“What a(n) _____ mirror! It’s the first time I’ve seen a mirror that didn’t _____ properly!”
That afternoon he went out to buy some toys and on his way he saw a little girl who was ______.The boy went over to see what had____ to her. The little girl said that she couldn’t find her parents.
Together the two children set off _____ them. As the little girl wouldn’t stop crying, the boy spent all of his money buying her sweets to _____ her up. After much walking, they _____ her parents who were looking for her, very worried.
Then the boy said ____ to the family. When seeing the time, he ____ to head for home, without toys and without____. In his room, to his great surprise, he found a(n) ______ face in the mirror. And so he understood the ____ of that mirror. The mirror could only reflect the _____ feelings of its owner. He felt really happy at having _____ that little girl.
1.A. interested B. confident C. skilled D. rich
2.A. book B. mirror C. sweet D. toy
3.A. shy B. sad C. excited D. beautiful
4.A. for B. or C. but D. and
5.A. Proud B. Hungry C. Satisfied D. Surprised
6.A. already B. once C. still D. never
7.A. nice B. terrible C. big D. expensive
8.A. work B. move C. change D. appear
9.A. studying B. playing C. sleeping D. crying
10.A. devoted B. referred C. happened D. turned
11.A. in need of B. in search ofC. in honor of D. in charge of
12.A. put B. bring C. dress D. cheer
13.A. found B. recognized C. left D. accepted
14.A. no B. hello C. sorry D. goodbye
15.A. decided B. agreed C. pretended D. refused
16.A. effort B. hope C. doubt D. money
17.A. red B. dark C. angry D. happy
18.A. meaning B. mystery C. game D. reason
19.A. general B. strange C. true D. good
20.A. introducedB. helped C. invited D. saved
人人渴望幸福，但由于忙于学业或工作，我们忽视了幸福。你认为幸福是什么？结合生活中的事例阐述你对幸福的理解。
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.据估计，这项工程将持续三年。（estimate）
2.一到达机场，他就乘出租车去医院了。（On）
3.由于害怕失去工作，他没有向警察说出真相。（分词作状语）
4.我尊重他，但在如何处理业务上我和他有分歧。（disagree）
5.政府会采取措施来禁止一些对孩子有不良影响的的广告。（ban）
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for
social progress and prosperity; others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-a
nd-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B.Opinions about competition are different among people.
C.Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D.Failures are necessary experiences in competition
2.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A.It pushes society forward.
B.It builds up a sense of duty.
C.It improves personal abilities.
D.It encourages individual efforts.
3.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?
A.One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B.One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
C.One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D.One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
4.Which point of view may the author agree to?
A.Every effort should be paid back.
B.Competition should be encouraged.
C.Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D.Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
