An experiment was carried out at British school into the performance of new pupils. At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”. These were totally untrue ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed. However, these ratings were given to the teachers. At the end of the year, the experimenters compared the pupils’ performance with the ratings. Despite their real abilities, there was an astonishingly high connection between performance and ratings. It seems that people perform as well as we expect them to.
The Self-fulfilling Effect is also known as the Pygmalion Effect. This comes from an old Greek story. The story was also the basis of George Bernard Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”, later turned into the musical “My Fair Lady”. In Shaw’s play, Professor Henry Higgins claims he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a duchess. But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins’ friend Pickering, it isn’t what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how she’s treated.
The implication (含义) of the Pygmalion Effect for leaders and managers is massive. It means that the performance of your team depends less on them than it does on you. The performance you get from people is no more or less than what you expect, which means you must always expect the best. As Goethe said, “Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he will become as he can and should be.”
1.The underlined word “rating” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “_________”.
A. programB. regulation
C. correction D. classification
2.What’s the passage mainly about?
A. A new scientific experiment.
B. The Self-fulfilling Effect.
C. Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”.
D. An improved teaching method.
3.The experiment was made in order to _________.
A. try out a new teaching method
B. pick out the most excellent pupils
C. learn if expectations affect performance
D. give each pupil a proper rating
4.What made Eliza change into a duchess according to Eliza herself?
A. Strict training from Higgins.
B. Her own strong will and hard work.
C. The proper way she was regarded
D. Warm encouragement from Pickering.
5.According to the Pygmalion Effect, if you want a man to finish a hard task in a short time, you should say, “_________”.
A. I’m sure you can make it
B. I will help you any time
C. It is as easy as pie
D. It doesn’t matter if you fail
When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine, people thought they were from baby dinosaurs. ___1._ Martin Sander's work shows that they were probably fully __2.__ (grow) and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.
Growth marks on dinosaur bones are similar __3.__ growth rings on trees. The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly. __4.__ get closer as growth slows. "It is _5.__ (exact) these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil bones," says Sander. So the fossils must have been from adult animals.
__6.__ was this German dinosaur so much smaller than other giant dinosaurs, which grew up to 45 metres long and weighed as much as a thousand humans?
150 million years ago, most of Germany was underwater. Scientists think that __7.__ water levels rose, there was less and less land and food available. The dinosaur _【小题8__ (force) to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal __8.__ (need) less space and food.
Since 1998, scientists have dug up more than 1,000 dinosaur fossils in the mine. It is one of the few places in the world __9._ the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together.
阅读下面的短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
In 1882 a baby girl caught a fever that was so fierce that she nearly died. She survived but the fever left its mark ― she could no longer see or hear. Because she could not hear, she also found it very difficult to speak. So how did this child, blinded and deafened at 19 months old, grow up to become a world-famous author and public speaker?
The fever cut her off from the outside world, depriving her of sight and sound. It was as if she had been thrown into a dark prison cell from which there could be no release. Luckily Helen was not someone who gave up easily. Soon she began to explore the world by usin
g her other senses.
Just before her seventh birthday, the family hired a private tutor ― Anne Sullivan. Anne was careful to teach Helen especially those subjects in which she was interested.
Helen proved to be a remarkable scholar, graduating with honours from Radcliffe College in 1904. She had phenomenal powers of concentration and memory, as well as a dogged determination to succeed. While she was still at college she wrote “The Story of My Life”. This was an immediate success and earned her enough money to buy her own house.
She toured the country, giving lecture after lecture. Many books were written about her and several plays and films were made about her life. Eventually she became so famous that she was invited abroad and received many honours from foreign universities and monarchs. In 1932 she became a vice-president of the Royal National Institute for the Blind in the United Kingdom.
【写作内容】
1. 概括短文的内容要点, 该部分的字数大约30词;
2. 就“残疾人需要我们的关心”这个主题发表你的看法, 至少包含以下的内容要点, 该部分的大约120词:
a) 以你认识或了解的残疾人为例, 简述残疾人面临的困难及其取得的成就;
b) 举例说明人们是怎样关心和帮助残疾人的, 还存在哪些不足之处;
c) 呼吁大家都来关心和帮助残疾人。
【写作要求】
可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
【评分标准】
概括准确、语言规范、内容合适，篇章连贯。
你们学校很多同学想出国读书，他们认为国外的条件无论如何都比国内好。你却持有与他们不同的观点，请根据以下内容谈谈中学生出国读书的利与弊。文章开头与结尾已经给出。
同学的观点 | 你的观点 |
国外有较好的设备（facilities）和教学方法，跟外国学生交流可获益匪浅，在国外学习归来的人回国后肯定比国内的优秀。 | 很多出国的学生发现国外现实环境和理想其实相去甚远，更不用说获得成功了。国外生活很孤单无助，遇到问题无人帮忙。 |
【写作要求】：
1. 只能使用五个句子表达全部内容；
2. 文章中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
评分标准：句子结构准确, 信息内容完整, 篇章结构连贯。
According to a new survey, an increasing number of high school students in China choose to study abroad. And some students in my school think studying abroad is a better choice for them.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Therefore, whether it is good or not to study abroad depends on the individual.
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先，请阅读下列新闻。
A. Liu Xiang teaches quake students hurdling
Chinese hurdler Liu Xiang Monday visited students in a primary school in Bei Chuan County, a hard-hit area in last year's devastating May 12 earthquake, and showed them how to run hurdles.
B. Experts: 3G still has a long way to go
While China's three leading telecom operators are playing up the third generation（3G）telecom technologies, it is likely to take years for 3G services to become popular in China.
C. China table tennis team swept all 5 golden medals
Yesterday China team swept all 5 golden medals at World Table Tennis Championships in Yokohama. B
esides these 5 golds, China also gained all 5 silver medals and other 8 bronze medals. The 2 rest bronzed medals are respectively won by Japan and China Hong Kong.
D. Sleeping too much or too little increases your risk of Diabetes
Middle-aged or old people who get too little sleep, or too much, are far more likely to develop diabetes, says scientists. A study has found that those who did not enjoy the optimum level of seven to eight hours sleep a night were two and a half times more likely to develop a blood sugar abnormality linked to type 2 diabetes.
E. Obama seeks to block release of abuse photos
US President Barack Obama declared Wednesday he would try to block the court-ordered release of photos showing US troops abusing prisoners, abruptly reversing his position out of concern that the pictures would “further inflame anti-American opinion” and endanger US forces in Iraq and Afghanistan.
F. Prospects of flu outbreak remain unclear
US public health expert Laurie A. Garrett said Wednesday that how serious the H1N1 influenza situation is going to develop remains unclear. A Washington state man with H1N1 influenza died last week, health officials said, the third U. S. sufferer to die as the new flu strain confirmed in more than 2,200 Americans appeared in Japan and Australia.
以下是人物信息，请从上述A-F选项中匹配适合他们阅读的新闻：
1.Liu Ming works as a chairman of a local Ping Pong club in Fo Shan. He shows great concern for sports news especially the news about Ping Pong. He has never missed a single Ping Pong match of China Ping Pong Team.
2.Han Yiwei is a successful CEO of a big International Company in Guangzhou. He usually flies to other countries for business, so he wo
uld like to equip himself with the most advanced communication appliances and know the news concerning the development in the communication area.
3.Han Lei is an18--year--old girl, studying in a High School. She is a sports enthusiast and is good at tennis and jumping. Besides, she has a particular interest in those sports celebrities.
4.Chen Lirong just retired from a state enterprise, living with her husband, who is retired too. They want to arrange their life without work in a better way and enjoy the life with a healthy body and high spirits. So she particularly pays more attention to their health.
5.Li Hongyu studies in China Foreign Affairs University, majoring in International Relationship, and especially he shows great concern for the relationship between America and the Middle East countries.
My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who se
ttled down in the United States. The rest of his family remained in Europe. When World War I broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. Such obvious change was not born out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin.
One day in 1918, my Uncle Milton received his draft notice. My grandparents were very upset. But my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted.
The moment came when my uncle and the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed. I’m sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son. The train slowly pulled out, but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused. Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station. There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. Someone shouted, “The war is over!” For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing, marched down the street, as returning heroes, to be welcomed home. My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer.
1.What the grandfather was most worried about was ______.
A. the spread of the world war
B. the safety of his two cousins
C. a drop in his living standards
D. his relatives killing each other
2.The underlined phrase “draft notice” means “______”.
A. order for army service B. train ticket for Europe
C. letter of rejection D. note of warning
3.What did the “service pins” （in Para. 2） stand for in the eyes of the little girls?
A. Strength.B. Courage.C. Victory.D. Honor.
4.Which of the following words can best describe the ending of the story?
A. Disappointing. B. Unexpected. C. Uncertain. D. Inspiring.
5.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A. The grandfather felt downhearted because he was afraid of receiving a draft notice.
B. The train was traveling fast to the front when the news came that the war was over.
C. None of the soldiers who got on the train for the front line had been trained in advance.
D. Most people including the mother were disappointed that the war didn’t last a bit longer.
