Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: “Our Study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, “The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see一and guide whether we see fear.”
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.
“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,” Dr Garfinkel said.
“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”
1.What is the finding of the study?
A. One’s heart affects how he feels fear.
B. Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.
C. Fear has something to do with one’s health.
D. One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
2.The study was carried out by analyzing .
A. volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C. volunteers’ reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart—brain communication
3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?
A. Order. B. System.
C. Machine. D. Treatment.
4.This study may contribute to .
A. treating anxiety and stress better.
B. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C. finding the key to the heart-brain communication
D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads
最近，你们学校每天晚上组织学生收看《新闻联播》。对此，有人表示反对，认为学习任务繁重，耽误学习；也有人表示赞同，认为能使自己身心放松，而且了解国内外大事。请你写一篇100词左右的短文，发表一下自己的观点。开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Recently our school has set aside some time for students to watch The Daily News Broadcasting.
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线＼划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I still remember my middle school life in Yinchuan. I was then in school for student from Wenchuan. As we were all left home of an early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life. We had to do the washing, cleaning and shopping by us. However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly. We enjoyed our happy life. At weekends, we will play basketball on the playground, swimming in the pool or go for a picnic in the park. We were living in a big family. We treat each other as brothers and sisters. It has been five years when we graduated, but those memories are as sweet as ever before.
In a national spelling contest in America, an 11-year-old girl was asked to spell a certain word. But with her soft voice the judges were not sure if she spelled the word with the letter A or E. 1. At that time, the girl knew she had misspelled the word. But instead of lying and telling the judges she had said the correct letter, she told the truth that she had said the wrong letter. 2. .
As the girl walked off the stage, the entire audience stood on their feet clapping to applaud her honesty. Later, dozens of newspaper wrote about this 11-year-old girl’s courage and honesty, even when it cost her the contest. 3.
Probably the biggest test of our character and honesty is what we would do if we knew we would never get caught.
This young girl could easily have lied，and nobody would have known it but her. But that’s just it: She would know she did wrong. 4.
This young girl was strong and smart enough to prize her own conscience and character more than the prize from a spelling contest. Her respect for herself was more important than any respect others might give her for winning a contest. She knew she would have to live with herself and the choice she made at the moment. 5.
A. So she won the contest.
B. As a result, she lost the contest.
C. The judges wanted to give her another chance.
D. It’s been said, “If you cheat, you make yourself cheap.”
E. It’s so true that the choices you make today make what you are tomorrow.
F. They talked it over and finally decided to simply ask her what she had said.
G. But the fact is that she won the biggest contest that day: the contest of her character.
Low-Cost Gifts for Mother’s Day
Gift No. 1
Offer to be your mother’s health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits whether a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need,” but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor’s visit. The best part? This one is free.
Gift No. 2
Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother’s life,” Dr. Marie Savard said.
Gift No. 3
Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”
Gift No. 4
Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity(慈善机构). Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green” —and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.
1.What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor’s visits?
A. Fake notes. B. Be with her.
C. Buy medicine. D. Give her gifts.
2.What can be a gift of organization for your mother?
A. Keeping her medical information together.
B. Buying all gifts for her from one company.
C. Making a 1ist of her medical check-ups.
D. Storing her medicines in a safe place.
3.Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother’s sleep?
A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.
C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.
4.Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to .
A. enjoy good sleep B. be well-organized
C. get extra support D. give others help
Does Fame Drive You Crazy?
Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!
According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.”
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B. C., painters followed Alexander the Great Into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story’’ alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.
Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.
1.It can be learned from the passage that stars today .
A. are often misunderstood by the public
B. can no longer have their privacy protected
C. spend too much on their public appearance
D. care little about how they have come into fame
2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.
B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.
C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.
D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.
3.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?
A. Availability of modern media.
B. Inadequate(无法适应的) social recognition.
C. Lack of favorable chances.
D. Huge population of fans.
4.What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?
A. Sincere. B. Sceptical.
C. Disapproving . D. Sympathetic.
