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Going green seems to be a fad(时尚)for a l...

Going green seems to be a fad(时尚)for a lot of people these days.Whether that is good or badwe can’t really saybut for the two of usgoing green is not a fad but a lifestyle.

On April 22,2011we decided to go green every single day for an entire year.This meant doing 365 different green thingsand it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.Rather than recycle and reduce our energywe had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.

With the idea of going green every single day for a yearOur Green Year started.My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.

Over the course of Our Green Yearwe completely changed our lifestyles.We now shop at organic(有机的)stores.We consume less meatchoosing green food.We have greatly reduced our buying we don’t need.We have given away half of what we owned through websites.Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juicewith no chemical cleaners.We make our own butterenjoying the smell of home­made fresh bread.In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.

Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year.We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others.We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.

1.What might be the best title for the passage?

AGoing Green

BProtecting the Planet

CKeeping Open­Minded

DCelebrating Our Green Year

2.It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because________.

Athey were expected to follow the green fad

Bthey didn’t know how to educate other people

Cthey were unwilling to reduce their energy

Dthey needed to perform unusual green tasks

3.What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?

AThey tried to get out of their ungreen habits.

BThey ignored others’ ungreen behavior.

CThey chose better chemical cleaners.

DThey sold their home­made food.

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

AThe government will give support to the green project.

BThe couple may continue their project in the future.

CSome people disagree with the couple’s green ideas.

DOur Green Year is becoming a national campaign.

 

1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 【解析】本文为记叙文。2011年4月22日,“我们”夫妻二人决定每天都追求一种绿色的生活方式,并且要坚持一整年。这意味着“我们”要做365件“绿色的”事情,这对“我们”来说是个挑战。最后,“绿色之年”改变了“我们”的思维,“我们”很感激有这个机会,也坚信“我们”确实有能力保护我们的地球。 1. 2.2】解析:选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的最后两句可知,整整一年都要过绿色的生活,不是件容易的事情,因为这不仅意味着要做365件不同的“绿色的”事情,还意味着除了一些简单的事情,我们还要不断地挑战自己,追求环保。这些都是不寻常的(unusual)环保任务,D项与之意思一致。文章并未提及其他几项内容。 3.3】解析:选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知,在这一年里,我们完全改变了生活方式,做每一件事都追求环保、绿色,否则就要接受惩罚,所以A项正确。B项意为“他们无视他人不环保的行为”,与倒数第二段最后一句矛盾;C项意为“他们选择更好的化学清洁剂”,与倒数第二段的“Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice,with no chemical cleaners.”表达意思不一致;D项意为“他们出售自制的食品”,与倒数第二段的倒数第二句不一致。 4.4】解析:选B。推理判断题。最后一段指出,我们的思维已经发生了变化,我们坚信自己有能力改变一些事情,保护我们的地球,由此可知,我们会继续自己的这种绿色生活方式。故B项正确。文章并未提到“政府会支持这个绿色计划”“有人和这对夫妻持有不同观点”或者“绿色之年正成为一项全国性活动”,故排除其余选项。
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Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right familyand others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.I’m not going to say lucktalentand circumstances don’t come into play because they do.Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligenceand that’s just the reality of how life is.

Howeverto succeed in lifeone first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.Andin addition to thatin order to get really good at somethingone needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising.To become great at certain thingsit’ll require even more timetime that most people won’t put in.

This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.If you don’t enjoy what you doit is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.

When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great successyou know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.It’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talentbut thinking that way does you no goodand there’s a huge chance that you’re wrong anyway.

Whatever you doif you want to become great at ityou need to work day in and day outalmost to the point of addictionand over a long period of time.If you’re not willing to put in the time and workdon’t expect to receive any rewards.Consistenthard work won’t guarantee you the level of success you may wantbut it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

1.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about________.

Athe reasons for success

Bthe meaning of success

Cthe standards of success

Dthe importance of success

2.In Paragraph 2the underlined word that refers to________.

Abeing good at something

Bsetting a practical goal

Cputting in more time

Dsucceeding in life

3.Successful people suggest doing what one loves because________.

Awork makes one feel pain

Bone tends to enjoy his work

Cone gives up his work easily

Dit takes a lot of time to succeed

4.What can we infer from Paragraph  4?

ASuccessful people like to show their great skills.

BPeople sometimes succeed without luck or talent.

CPeople need to achieve success at the cost of life.

DIt helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.

5.What is the main theme of the passage?

AHaving a goal is vital to success.

BBeing good is different from being great.

COne cannot succeed without time and practice.

DLucktalent and family help to achieve success.

 

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We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in linehiring line standersbuying tickets from scalpers (票贩子)or purchasing line­cutting privileges directly fromsayan airline or an amusement park.Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service)

Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating thingsand each is appropriate to different activities.The morals of the queue“First comefirst served”have an egalitarian(平等主义的) appeal.They tell us to ignore privilegepowerand deep pockets.

The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops.But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions.If I put my house up for saleI have no duty to accept the first offer that comes alongsimply because it’s the first.Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activitiesproperly governed by different standards.

Sometimes standards changeand it is unclear which principle should apply.Think of the recorded message you hearplayed over and overas you wait on hold when calling your bank“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.”This is essential for the morals of the queue.It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.

But don’t take the recorded message too seriously.Todaysome people’s calls are answered faster than others.Call center technology enables companies to“score”incomings calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places.You might call this telephonic queue jumping.

Of coursemarkets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things.Some goods we distribute by meritothers by needstill others by chance.Howeverthe tendency of markets to replace queuesand other non­market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore.It is striking that most of the paid queue­jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parksin call centersdoctors’officesand national parks—are recent developmentsscarcely imaginable three decades ago.The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concernbut these are not the only places that markets have entered.

1.According to the authorwhich of the following seems governed by the principle“First comefirst served”

ATaking buses.

BBuying houses.

CFlying with an airline.

DVisiting amusement parks.

2.The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates________.

Athe necessity of patience in queuing

Bthe advantage of modern technology

Cthe uncertainty of allocation principle

Dthe fairness of telephonic services

3.The passage is meant to________.

Ajustify paying for faster services

Bdiscuss the morals of allocating things

Canalyze the reason for standing in line

Dcriticize the behavior of queue jumping

 

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A MENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.

Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.

Alex Goldbergthe program’s foundersaid“We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.

“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For examplewe’ve secured internships (实习) with world­famous firms such as Honda.

“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoringit is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.”Kieran Hepburn,14is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations EducationalScientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) International Youth Forum (论坛)

The event was held for young people from around the worldto seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn’t quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn’t stopit was amazing”he said“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”

The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuseviolence and unemployment.

Kieran said“ It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”

The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.

1.The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to ________.

Atrain staff for world­famous firms

Boffer job opportunities to young adults

Cprovide youth with unique experiences

Dequip the unemployed with different skills

2.According to Alex Goldbergit is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.

Athe lack of support from firms

Bthe cultural differences

Cthe effect of unemployment

Dthe shortage of money

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Abuild up their confidence at school

Bfind work experience opportunities

Cimprove their social skills for the future

Dplay an active role in the change of society

4.We can learn from the passage that ________.

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BKieran has made great progress in many aspects

Cthe youth have found a way to solve their problems

Dthe mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday

5.What would be the best title for the passage?

AAlex GoldbergFounder of Young Inspirations

BYoung People Find a World of Opportunity

CKieranBanbury School Pupil to Paris

DDebates Help Youth with Their Grades

 

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Let’s take a man we’ll call Mr.Fielderfor example.He did everything connected with farming.He planted seedstended the fieldsand harvested and sold his crops.At the same timehe did many other jobs on the farm.Howeverhe didn’t make the bricks for his housecut his trees into boardsmake the plows(), or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs.Insteadhe got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.

Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr.Plowright.Using what he knew about farming and working with ironMr.Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier.Mr.Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows.Perhapshe thoughtother farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.

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Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.Even before most people could readthey understood such signs.Shopkeepers would carve into stoneclayor wood symbols for the products they had for sale.

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AThe discovery of iron.

BThe specialization of labor.

CThe appearance of new jobs.

DThe development of farming techniques.

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Apraised his plows in public

Bplaced a sign outside the shop

Chung an arrow pointing to the shop

Dshowed his products to the customers

3.The writer makes up the two stories of Mr.Fielder and Mr.Plowright in order to________.

Aexplain the origin of advertising

Bpredict the future of advertising

Cexpose problems in advertising

Dprovide suggestions for advertising

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Aowned a ship

Bhad the loudest voice

Cran a shop selling goods to farmers

Dfunctioned like today’s TV or radio commercial

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Athe history of advertising

Bthe benefits of advertising

Cthe early forms of advertising

Dthe basic design of advertising

 

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You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.That’s why he created Lampbrellaa lamp post with its own rain­sensing umbrella.

The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.“OnceI was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lamp”he said.

The Lampbrella is a standard­looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.It has a built­in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.

In addition to the rain sensorthere’s also a 360°motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.

According to the designerthe Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speedso as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besidesit would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the groundit would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.

While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into productionBelyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Departmentand insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.

1.For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?

ATo predict a heavy rain.

BTo check the weather forecast.

CTo protect people from the rain.

DTo remind people to take an umbrella.

2.What do we know from Belyaev’s words in Paragraph 2?

AHis creation was inspired by an experience.

BIt rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.

CStreet lamps are protected by canopies.

DHe enjoyed taking walks in the rain.

3.Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?

Amotor→canopy→sensors

Bsensors→motor→canopy

Cmotor→sensors→canopy

Dcanopy→motor→sensors

4.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

AIts moving speed.

BIts appearance.

CIts installation.

DIts safety.

5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

AThe designer will open a company to promote his product.

BThe Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.

CThe designer is confident that his creation is practical.

DThe Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.

 

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