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One of the world’s richest men has taken...

One of the world’s richest men has taken a close interest in one of man’s most basic functionsvisiting the toilet.Bill Gates’s charitable organizationthe Bill and Melinda Gates Foundationis looking for inventors to design the loo of the futurewhichthey hopewould improve sanitation for millions of people around the world.

Sowhat’s wrong with the traditional flush toiletFirstlyit wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water.Secondlythey are more likely to cause pollution.This is a real problem in many areas of the developing worldwhereaccording to United Nations estimatesunsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations.Younger people are particularly at risk.Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1.5 million children a year.Finallystandard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas.

The challenge set by Bill Gates was to come up with a latrine which works without running waterelectricity or aseptic tank.It also needed to operate for less than 5 cents.28 designs were displayed at the recent Reinvent the Toilet Fairin SeattleUSA.Among them was one which turned human waste into electricity using microwavesanother which converted human waste into charcoaland yet another which used urine for flushing.

But the winner was a solar­powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity. The team from the California Institute of Technology(CIT) picked up a prize of $100,000.

But clearly Bill Gates doesn’t feel he’s flushing money down the toilet.After the Seattle event he said“We couldn’t be happier with the response we’ve gotten.” Gates has even pledged $370 million more to the future toilet project.They hope to field test more prototypes over the next three years.

1.Why is Bill Gates paying people to invent new toilets?

ABecause he wants to test people’s sense of creativity.

BBecause he wants to improve sanitation for many people.

CBecause he thinks the traditional ones are out of fashion.

DBecause he can’t design this kind of things himself.

2.Which of the following is NOT a problem with the traditional flush toilet?

AThey waste too much water.

BThey might cause diseases.

CThey are not always practical.

DThey are too complicated to use.

3.The underlined word “latrine” in the third paragraph might have similar meanings to the word “________” in the text.

Aloo  Bsanitation

Cdiarrhea  Dprototype

4.The team from CIT won the prize because their design ________.

Acan change human waste into electricity

Bcan turn human waste into charcoal

Ccan produce power with solar energy

Dcan use urine for flushing

 

1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 【解析】 1. 解析 根据第一段最后一句“...which,they hope,would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world.”可知他希望这会改善全世界数以百万人的卫生环境。 2.2】 D 解析 第二段讲的是传统抽水马桶的问题。第二段第二句“Firstly,it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water.”可对应答案A项;第三句“Secondly,they are more likely to cause pollution.”可对应答案B项;最后一句“Finally,standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas.”可对应答案C项。文中没有提到D项。 3.3】 A 解析 根据第一段前两句可知toilet和loo是同义词,也就是说loo是“厕所”的意思。根据第三段划线词所在的句子的意思可知,比尔·盖茨提出的这个问题的挑战性在于,人们要设计出一个不用流水,不用电和无菌桶的latrine。因此,latrine的意思应该是“厕所”。 4.4】 C 解析 根据倒数第二段第一句“But the winner was a solar­powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity.”可知获胜者设计了太阳能装置,能产生氢气和电。
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So what are your choicesYou could rent a phone with a local number in the country you’re traveling tobut that wouldn’t do you much good if you’re constantly on the go.A more cost­effective way would be to rent a satellite phone from a company like Global Cellular Rental.

The process is amazingly fast and simple.All you have to do is to log onto the company’s websitewww.globalcellularrental.comand place an order.The site will show you the countries you will be traveling to and ask you how long you will need the phone.The company then ships a cell phone directly to you anywhere in the world.The phone arrives with complete instructions.

The traveler also learns his overseas phone number well in advanceenabling him to inform all vital contacts of the number before he ever steps on a plane.

Roaming rates are usually 80 percent less than those charged by American service providers.Calls back to the US can be discounted 40 percent or more.The rentals cost is just $5 per dayand discount packages are available for long­term rentals of two months or more.

This cell phone solution is becoming so popular that Global Cellular Rental actually has relationships with hotel chains around the world to keep phones in stock for hotel guests.And for those whose journey really takes them off the beaten trackthe company can also rent satellite phones to them.These phones work anywhere in the world as long as you are outside.

1.The underlined words in Paragraph 2 mean “________”

Athrowing away  Bdepending on

Ccomplaining about  Dfiguring out

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AYou must place an order on its website.

BDiscount packages need to be applied in advance.

CThe Global Cellular Rental is an American company.

DThe company doesn’t help those travelers to remote areas.

3.Which shows the cost­effective aspect of the satellite phone when an American user travels in Beijing?

AThe roaming rates are 20% discount compared to American local service.

BCalls back to the US cost 60% less compared to American local service.

CThe rental cost is $150 per month if you rent for three months.

DForty percent or more discount is available when he calls back to the US.

4.How many ways of overseas communications by phone are mentioned in the passage?

A2. B3.

C4. D5.

 

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