When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,认识):
(1) Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences.
(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行窃).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
1.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.
A. our hearing and visual abilities
B. cultural background and personal experiences
C. the experience one learns from others
D. critical measures taken by other people
2.While observing a particular person,________.
A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration
B. one pays more attention to his/her advantages
C. children often differ from grown-ups in perception
D. one tends to choose certain aspects to look at
3.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____.
A. they follow different standards
B. either of them may be slow to catch information
C. the time for observation is not long enough
D. each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions
4. The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.
A. something attractive
B. selective perception
C. contradictory information
D. shoplifting
5.The worst thing in selective perception is that ______.
A. the information received runs against your desire
B. facts can be twisted or totally ignored
C. importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估计过高)
D. misbehaved children may not be punished
People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello”. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I got on 1. others.
My opportunity came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl 2. dropped her books out of her locker. 3. (think) that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued 4. way. However, when I had to go back 5. I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself. No one had stopped 6. (help) her.
“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”
My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man sitting by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and 7. (begin) a conversation. 8. was difficult to get started ,and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every response from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it .And who could blame him?
People aren’t used to making 9. unprepared chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how desperately it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I advise you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little 10.
(bright) .Together, we can really make our society come closer as a whole.
When I was fifteen, I announced to my English class that I was going to write my own books. Half the students smiled , and even worse, the rest nearly fell out of their chairs laughing. “Don’t be . Only geniuses can become writers.” the English teacher said, “And you are getting a D this term.” I was so that I burst into tears. That night I wrote a short poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the newspaper. To my , they published it and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer. I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed, “Just plain dumb luck,” the teacher said. I tasted ; I’d sold the first thing I’d ever written. That was more than any of them had done and if it was just dumb luck, that was fine with me.
During the next two years, I sold dozens of poems and letters. By the time I graduated from high school, I had scrapbooks (剪贴簿) with my published works. I never my writing to my teachers, friends or my family again because they were dream .
I had four children at the time. While the children slept, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months. I chose a and mailed it. A month later I received a contract, an advance on payments, and a request to start another book. Crying Wind, which became a best seller, was translated into fifteen languages and sold worldwide. My first book also became required in native American schools in Canada.
In the year I ever had as a writer I earned two dollars. In my best year I earned 36,000 dollars. People ask what college I , what degrees I have and what qualifications I have to be a writer. The answer is: “None.” I just write. I’m not a genius. I use an electric typewriter that I paid a hundred and twenty nine dollars for six years ago. I do all the housework and fit my writing in a few minutes here and there. I’ve written eight books. To all those who dream of writing, I’m shouting at you: “Yes, you can. Don’t listen to them.” I don’t write right but I’ve succeeded. Writing is ; it’s fun and anyone can do it. Of course, a little dumb luck doesn’t hurt.
1.A. unkindly B. happily C. willingly D. crazily
2.A. curious B. depressed C. excited D. silly
3.A. unlucky B. ashamed C. moved D. unconfident
4.A. sad B. innocent C. disappointing D. puzzling
5.A. puzzlement B. expectation C. astonishment D. disappointment
6.A. coldness B. failure C. success D. prejudice
7.A. furnished B. linked C. combined D. filled
8.A. remembered B. concluded C. described D. mentioned
9.A. killers B. makers C. designers D. creators
10.A. writer B. reporter C. publisher D. manager
11.A. working on B. going on C. turning on D. putting on
12.A. writing B. reading C. selling D. buying
13.A. busiest B. unluckiest C. worst D. highest
14.A. worked B. attended C. admitted D. participated
15.A. easy B. hard C. convenient D. practical
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Many students fail to perform well in an exam not because they lack ability, but because of the unique pressure of the exam room—the tense atmosphere, the ticking clock on the wall, the teacher walking around, and the thought that their future will be decided by the exam.
It’s not just students who will face pressure. Human beings are competitive animals and we decide to evaluate each other, whether in exams, in job interviews or even on romantic dates, so all of us occasionally get nervous. Removing pressure from life is an impossible dream.
However, there are some ways which can help reduce our pressure. It turns out that we are far more likely to overcome the pressure when we are as familiar as possible with the situation we are about to face. Of course, even when we are well-prepared, we may still feel nervous, but at least we will be more equipped to deal with our nervousness than if we have failed to prepare. Furthermore, we may also benefit from reminding ourselves that the big moment is not that big after all from a different perspective. Even a huge exam is not as important as a loving family, or good health.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；
2. 然后以约120个词谈谈你对“压力”的看法， 内容包括：
（1）正确面对压力的重要性;
（2）作为高三的学生，你通常面临哪些压力？
(3) 你在生活和学习中应对压力的措施。
【写作要求】
1、在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
请你根据以下信息，写一篇英语短文，向外国朋友介绍春节。
【写作内容】
名称： 春节（中国最重要的传统节日）；
时间： 每年农历正月初一到十五之间；
节前： 打扫房子，帖春联（the Spring Festival Couplets）, 买花；
除夕夜： 无论离家多远，这天家庭成员都会赶回来吃团圆饭，其中饺子最受欢迎，人们相信可以带来好运；
正月初一：人们穿新衣服，探亲访友，互相祝福“新年快乐”，给孩子们压岁钱（lucky money）;
春节期间的活动：舞龙舞狮（中国传统的民间艺术，可追溯到两千年前）。
【写作要求】
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。把答案填涂在答题卡上相应的题号的答案标号上，如答案是E把AB同时一起涂黑，如答案是F把 CD同时一起涂黑。
首先请阅读下列六种家用电器的介绍：
A. Morphy Richards Coffee Maker
It has a programmable timer, so you can wake up to the smell coffee. The easy-clean filter(过滤器) and anti-drip device make it simple to maintain(保养).
B. Philips Juicers
It gives you all the juice thanks to its patented micro-mesh filter and powerful 700W motor. The extra-large feeding tube easily takes whole fruits and vegetables.
C. Panasonic Bread Makers
It is perfect for small living spaces. You’ll enjoy wonderful fresh bread at the time you choose. It has a digital 13-hour timer, which is great for cooking a loaf overnight ready for breakfast.
D. KDWTTB10 Compact Dishwasher
Stylishly designed in black, it is as good looking as it functions. It promises to leave your dishes sparklingly clean, again and again!
E. Russell Hobbs Regency Kettle
Its features: a rapid boil 3 KW concealed element for last boiling and easy cleaning; blue illumination when boiling; and double water gauges(测量仪) for ease of viewing when filling.
F. Hoover Optima 6 kg Washing Machine
It features a unique “teardrop” door design and is user-friendly, which makes laundry days a little easier. Additional features include a countdown digital display.
以下是用户体验，请匹配与之对应的家用电器。
1.It is a great size for a small kitchen. I think its sleek black design is much more stylish than my old machine. You select the temperature setting your requirements and then shut the door and press the start button. It is very handy. It wipes clean easily as well. It also has an effective drying cycle so items are very dry. The anti flood device gives me much more security and the performance has been brilliant.
2.I think it’s amazing. It looks great. It also cleans great. It has more than enough settings for all your wash needs and is extremely quiet during all washing cycle, even on the 1600 spin. With 1600 rpm speed of spin, the clothes are almost dry when they come out! It leaves the contents spotlessly clean. The big door is very handy if you want to wash duvets(羽绒服). I do love this washing machine!
3.You get what you pay for and it’s not expensive. With an otherworldly light, it tells you how long the pot’s been sitting on the warmer. And after an hour, it shuts itself off. In my experience, the biggest problem is that there is no way you can make a full pot of coffee unless you like it incredibly weak.
4.I have not been disappointed with it. The flip-top lid makes it easy to fill. The large transparent “window” makes it easy to see how much you are putting in—so you can choose the number of cups. It looks great, boils quickly and holds plenty of water. The blue light up display when boiling is a fun feature. I think it’s a good kettle and definitely worthy money.
5.All I have to do is put the ingredients into its pan and select my type and the time when I want it finished. If you want to wake up to fresh loaf, you have to work out how many hours it will be between the time you switch it on and the time you want it to be ready. Meanwhile, the recipe that comes with it is very accurate and after three and a half hour you’ll have the most tasteful bread you ever tried.
