Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.
Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts, London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes could remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3D-enabled projectors（投影仪）, laptops with good picture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations (动作) into classrooms.
But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, “While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (小玩意儿). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved , would be just so effective.”
In Colorado, the US, one school district is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engaged and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.
1.Danny Nicholson tends to think that .
A. many pupils prefer 2D models
B. 3D is a bit expensive for some schools
C. true 3D images would not help in classes
D. 3D technology has a bright future in classes
2.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. 3D classes will soon be given in one school district in Colorado.
B. Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.
C. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.
D. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.
3.What is the text mainly about?
A. 2D models are always more effective than 3D images.
B. The differences between 3D and 2D images.
C. How schools can make full use of 3D technology.
D. Pupils behave better when 3D images are used in classes.
Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H. A. W. Tabor and his wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West.
Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. Then he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.
As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or “grub”, while they looked for ore（矿石）, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.
Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made $1,300,000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.
Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117,000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35,000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.
1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A.Tabor became its leading citizen.
B.great deposits of lead is expected to be found there.
C.it could bring good fortune to Tabor
D.it was renamed
2.The underlined word “grubstake” in Paragraph 3 means
A.to supply miners with food and supplies
B.to open a general stores
C.to do one's contribution to the development of the mine
D.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered
3.We can infer that Tabor’s life career is.
A.purely lucky
B.based on his managing theory of “grubstake’
C.through the help from his wife
D.because he planned well and accomplished targets step by step
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Tabor’s Life. B．A legend of the Old West
C．Lead Makes Leadville’s Fortune D．The Best Investment
In a world where comparisons happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be 36 with who you are. There’s always someone who’s a bit 37 . The only solution is to reach 38 and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. There is no more 39 measure for comparison than who your were yesterday, last week or last decade, when you were at your 40 .
Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get 41 , or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for 42 . It is a fool’s game. Not one of us is exactly 43 . The only direct and honest comparison is 44 yourself. Everything else is apples to oranges.
My opinion is that you are only 45 to compare yourself to someone else if their life 46 is the same as your own. Good luck finding that 47 . And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work and how dedicated you are, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. And if there’s not, you can 48 someone is coming up fast 49 you. So how can you always win in life? Become your best 50 .
Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to 51 you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who 52 if the guy next to you did 15? It doesn’t make a bit of 53 . You are a more 54 person today than you were yesterday. Your own 55 is all you need.
1.A. patient B. strict C. content D. concerned
2.A. stronger B. better C. lazier D. wiser
3.A. inside B. out C. for D. up
4.A. accurate B. useful C. careful D. powerful
5.A. end B. best C. convenience D. side
6.A. satisfied B. busy C. inspired D. lazy
7.A. nothing B. fun C. sure D. success
8.A. equal B. unique C. alike D. common
9.A. within B. by C. for D. of
10.A. instructed B. allowed C. directed D. suggested
11.A. situation B. position C. occasion D. accommodation
12.A. game B. match C. friend D. enemy
13.A. conclude B. bet C. announce D. declare
14.A. before B. beside C. below D. behind
15.A. assistant B. competitor C. coach D. teacher
16.A. contribute B. expose C. push D. devote
17.A. cares B. says C. wonders D. asks
18.A. effort B. sense C. difference D. change
19.A. successful B. happy C. lucky D. fit
20.A. benefit B. progress C. habit D. result
--- Sorry, it's already 6 o’clock. I have to be off for an appointment.
---OK. ________.
A. It couldn’t be better B. You really have me there
C. Let’s call it a day D. Take your time
---Hi, Dave. This is Helen speaking!
---Hi, what a coincidence! I _____ about you.
A. was just thinking B. just thought
C. have just thought D. would just think
A British official said that_____ this impractical policy could be changed , the future for Britain was indeed dark.
A．unless B. when C.if D.until
