Most students feel like nervous before taking an important exam. Some feel dizzy or tiring, some have no appetite for food and other even suffer from sleep problems. All the symptoms have terrible effects in their exams. How can they get rid of these bad symptoms? Personal, it’s important to make a careful plan in advance to review what they have learned, what will help them reduce the pressure. Besides, they should arrange their time properly. They shouldn’t stay too late because only enough sleep makes them energetic and enable them to perform well in an exam. what’s more, a balanced diet can contribute to their perform in exams. They are supposed to eating various food such as eggs, milk, carrots, walnuts, etc.
When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term.
Meanwhile, they will also experience fear. Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation. Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment where he is recognized and valued. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence — knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
1.When will an employee have a feeling of anger in the work place? (Within 7 words)
____________________________________________________________________
2.If an employee fears his boss, what will his performance be like? (Within 2 words)
____________________________________________________________________
3.How can a leader make his employees work harder? (Within 12 words)
____________________________________________________________________
4.What does the word “those” refer to in the last paragraph? (Within 4 words)
____________________________________________________________________
5.What is the key to developing a leader’s relationships with his employees? (Within 4 words)
____________________________________________________________________
A: For years some people have been saying that railways are dead. They say, “Trains are slow, and they lose money. Motorcars and planes have made them unnecessary.”
B: 1. . I think in these days of expensive oil, railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes.
A: Right. If you want to carry people or goods from place to place, they are much cheaper than planes.
B: 2. . A plane goes in a straight line, and so does a railway.
A: What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. 3. . Nor does it hold you up as a car does in heavy traffic.
B: 4. . Modern railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey. We’ve just entered the age of super-fast trains, traveling at 160 miles an hour and more.
A：5.
A. So railways will have very bright future, I dare say.
B. It doesn’t leave you as a plane does, miles and miles from the city center.
C. Far from being dead, railways are developing very quickly.
D. Trains are really slower than planes.
E. And they have much in common with planes.
F. But it is far from the truth.
G. Trains are really more comfortable than planes.
Our particular parenting style reflects our own way of “looking”. Here’s a great piece of writing reflecting parent’s particular ways on the parenting style that have become known humorously as helicopter parenting and submarine parenting.
Helicopter parents hover over their children, managing every aspect of their child’s life. On the contrary, submarine parents remain “hidden” coming to the surface when guidance is needed.
While helicopter parents may have the best intentions, in reality, they are raising children with few problem solving skills. Children with hovering parents never get the chance to face disappointment and build up their ability to recover from misfortune.
Think about your typical submarine. Submarines usually remain underwater. In case of a need for emergency surfacing, submarines can rise so quickly. They are driven partially out of the water. Submarine parents also remain out of sight, yet able to appear in the case of an emergency.
I admit I’m a submarine mom. My job as a parent is to have fun with my daughters while letting them explore and learn natural consequences.
My older daughter found herself acting in commercials and making more than minimum wage as a teen. To give her a sense of the real world, I insisted she spend three weeks every summer, picking strawberries and earning $3.50 on a good day.
When my youngest daughter Sondra was six, she wanted a very expensive American Girl Doll. I cut the full color 18" picture out of the American Girl catalogue and had it laminated (压膜). “Here’s your American Girl Doll.” I said “When you turn nine, I’ll buy you the 3D doll on your birthday.” Sondra played with her flat doll for months, making clothes and furniture for her. She learned creativity. I saved $88.00.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. Various means of transportation.
B. Funny experiences of a mom.
C. Humorous stories about parents.
D. Different styles of parenting.
2.The underlined phrase “hover over” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_____”.
A. leave behind B. fly around C. watch over D. set aside
3.Which of the following can be learned about helicopter parents from the passage?
A. They give their children proper guidance.
B. They try to do everything for their children.
C. They teach their children how to face failures.
D. They help their children explore by themselves.
4.The author supports her point of view mainly by _____.
A. stating facts and offering advice
B. using figures and giving evidence
C. analyzing data and drawing conclusions
D. making comparisons and giving examples
Who do you think breaks the law in our society? If you believe that only tough guys commit crimes, you may have to think again. Unlike in the movies, we can’t divide the world into bad guys and model citizens. Real life is much more complex. In the same way that diseases range from the common cold to fatal forms of cancer, crimes vary in degree. For example, smoking in an elevator will inconvenience people, but much less than threatening them with a gun.
In addition to breaking the law themselves, people tolerate various levels of crime. Why can we tolerate some crimes? It may be that, by seeing others do something, we accept it more easily. For instance, most people will find it easier to speed on a highway when everybody else is driving over the speed limit. When people celebrate a sports championship, if they see someone breaking store windows, they might start breaking windows themselves or even steal from the store. So the people around us influence how much law-breaking we can tolerate.
We must also wonder whether seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day makes us tolerate crime more than we should. We become used to seeing blood on the news on television, or in full color in newspapers and magazines. Because we see thousands of dead people on TV, maybe we just try to ignore the situation behind the violence.
If so many citizens tolerate violence and crime, or even commit crimes themselves, it may simply be because of the human mind. Our minds may not care about specific laws. Instead, our minds may have a system of values that usually prevents us from hurting other people to improve our own lives. Yet, when it comes to respecting the rights of a mass of anonymous (不知名的) individuals, we might not be so responsible. While most people would not steal a wallet containing $50, they may not mind cheating on taxes, because cheating on taxes does not hurt any one person. It hurts society, but “society” remains an abstract idea that is not as real as a neighbor or a friend’s friend.
When we realize that so many people have misunderstandings of law-breaking, it is not surprising that so many people tolerate crimes, or even break laws, including me. But how could we improve the level of honesty in our society? Would strict laws help make our society better? Probably not. Honesty will have to come from social pressure: in the family, at school, on the job, each and every one of us can encourage honesty by showing which behavior is unacceptable. And teaching respect should become everyone’s responsibility.
1.According to the author, “Real life is much more complex.” probably means .
A. there is a wide range of people and crimes in the real life
B. smoking in an elevator goes against laws in the real life
C. there are much more crimes than diseases in the real life
D. some model citizens sometimes break laws in the real life
2.What does the author think of the people who cheat on taxes?
A. They take no notice of the human mind.
B. They break the laws unaccepted in their minds.
C. They aren’t concerned about some particular laws.
D. They hurt other people to improve their own lives.
3.People tolerate violence and crime because .
A. their behavior is the same as that of most other people
B. they pay no attention to the truth behind the crimes
C. most unlawful acts are not harmful to the individual
D. they hold mistaken beliefs about law-breaking
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To discuss whether laws are strict enough.
B. To remind people to behave with honesty.
C. To show people the importance of education.
D. To explain why many people have criminal records.
A Charlotte N.C. man was charged with first-degree murder of a 79-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death. Can the guy be held responsible for the woman’s death? Prosecutors (公诉人) said that he can under the state’s murder rule, which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person’s death while committing or fleeing from a severe crime—even if he or she doesn’t kill someone on purpose.
But, medically speaking, can someone actually be frightened to death? We asked Martin Samuels, chairman of the neurology department at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
Absolutely, no question about it.
The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response, which was originally described by Walter Cannon，chairman of Harvard University’s physiology department from 1906 to 1942. If, in the wild, an animal is faced with a life-threatening situation, the automatic nervous system responds by increasing heart rate, increasing blood flow to the muscles, and slowing digestion, among other things. All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast. This process certainly would be of help to early humans. However, in the modern world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response.
The autonomic nervous system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response. This chemical is poisonous in large amounts; it damages the organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys. It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart. There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death.
By the way, any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result. There are people who have died in excitement or in religious passion. There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one, turned to his partner and said, “I can die now”, and then he dropped dead.
1.What is Martin Samuels’ attitude to the possibility of being frightened to death?
A. Approval. B. Disapproval. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.
2.What can we learn about the fight-or-flight response according to the passage?
A. The fight-or-flight response was raised and proved by Martin Samuels.
B. It is a natural protective method that can’t be found in all creatures but humans.
C. The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modern ones.
D. The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs.
3.What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs?
A. Winning an unexpected fortune.
B. Missing a dead family member.
C. Watching a horror movie.
D. Listening to a sweet song.
4.The purpose of the passage is ______.
A. to explain why people will die of a heart attack
B. to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure
C. to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death
D. to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death
