Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.
Many roads and places in Singapore（新加坡）are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries ---- in both the West and the East.
Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus ---- obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.
Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay（马来语）. Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.
A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes, like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent（月牙） because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.
1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that _____.
A. the government is usually the first to name a place
B. many places tend to have more than one name
C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named
D. people prefer the place names given by the government
2.What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Change suddenly. B. Change significantly.
C. Disappear mysteriously. D. Disappear very slowly.
3.Which of the following places is named after a person?
A. Raffles Place. B. Selector Airbase.
C. Piccadilly Circus. D. Paya Lebar Crescent.
4.Bras Basah Road is named _______.
A. after a person B. after a place C. after an activity D. by its shape
5.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Some place names in Singapore are the same as in Britain.
B. Some places in Singapore are named for military purposes.
C. The way Singaporeans name their places is unique.
D. Young Singaporeans have forgotten the pioneers.
A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 36 of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not 37 on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority as the only 38 for truth. He always 39 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of 40 science may perhaps be considered to 41 as far back as the 42 of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who live 43 the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle 44 to suggest that we must learn science 45 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 46 many important discoveries.
Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later (1564-1642), was the greatest of several great men, 47 in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 48 to show how many important 49 could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 50 towards the earth than small ones, 51 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 52 of the leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 53 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo’s 54 of going direct to Nature, and proving our 55 and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
1.A.use B.time C.speed D.trust
2.A.worked B.based C.lived D.written
3.A.reason B.cause C.advice D.result
4.A.thinks B.checks C.has D.learn
5.A.natural B.physical C.ancient D.modern
6.A.date B.keep C.look D.take
7.A.study B.time C.year D.birth
8.A.both B.each C.between D.among
9.A.Schools B.Ages C.Days D.Count
10.A.in B.with C.on D.by
11.A.did B.made C.took D.gave
12.A.who B.when C.that D.where
13.A.ways B.degrees C.levels D.chance
14.A.truths B.problems C.people D.subjects
15.A.slowly B.rapidly C.lightly D.heavily
16.A.although B.because C.when D.If
17.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling
18.A.big B.small C.equal D.unequal
19.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.discovery
20.A.plans B.opinions C.world D. ability
I haven’t read ____ of the articles carefully, but I find that there is a striking similarity between them.
A. each B. either C. any D. both
The Dead Sea is so salty ____ it’s hard for anything to live in it, ____ is why it’s called the
Dead Sea.
A. that, which B. that, that C./, that D./, what
____ his eyes, Tom found himself ____ on the roadside.
A. Opened, lied B. Opened, laid
C. Opening, lying D. Opening, lain
He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting
