You’re out to dinner. The food is delicious and the service is fine. You decide to leave a big fat tip. Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.
Tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiter’s choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill’s total.
“Studies before have shown that mimicry (模仿) brings into positive feelings for the mimicker,” wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor. “These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimics them.”
So Rick van Baren divided 59 waiters into two groups. He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers. Rick van Baaren then compared their take-home(实得收入). The results were clear---it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.
Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St. Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up.
“That’s also a point of tipping,” Green says. “You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. If they weren’t there you’d never get any service. So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”
1.According to the passage, a customer gives the cab driver a tip for ____.
A. driver’s politeness B. being there C. driver’s attitudes D. driver’s mimicry
2.According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages for the three areas researched?
3.According to the passage, we know the writer seems to _________.
A. oppose Mr. Green’s idea about tipping
B. support the opinions of Mr. Green and Rick van Baaren about tipping
C. give his generous tip to the waiters very often
D. think part of Mr. Green’s explanation is reasonable
I was sitting at the bar of a local restaurant having __36__ and taking a break. A pretty girl who looked about 25 walked in and sat down in a booth(饭馆的小隔间) __37__ for her friend. It didn’t take long __38__ I saw she was trying to stay __39__ from other people’s gazes(注视) and my heart sank. You could see her hair was __40__ and, at such a young age, she was receiving chemo(化疗).
I sat there watching her trying to remain composed(镇静的) and she was having a __41__ time of it. I __42__ for her, imagining what it must be like to go through this and yet I know some of her __43__.
You see I __44__ my wife, the love of my life just a few short years ago and watched her slowly fade away. I needed to give a message of __45__ to this girl. But how? What could I do?
Then it __46__ to me! I called over her waitress and explained that I wanted to buy the girl and her friend’s lunch but I also told her not to tell her it was me. I also __47__ the waitress a note to give to the girl.
The note __48__ as follows:
“ Someone today thought you were beautiful; someone today thought your smile glowed __49__ excitement; someone today thought your eyes __50__ up the world; someone today cared and wanted you to know this. Enjoy the rest of your day, pretty young lady.”
About 15 minutes later, the young girl asked for her __51__ and I watched as she was told it was paid for. She asked why? Who? What for? The waitress simply handed her the note and __52__ to her the gentleman who did it left.
I watched as she slowly read the note. Her eyes tore up, for only a moment, and then came the smile! A huge, beautiful, hopeful smile! She lit up the room and then sat up straight, not __53__ who saw her.
It’s not __54__ we look or what we have; it’s not our houses or how many cars we have; nor is it how much money we can earn. It’s all about how much we care and what we do, __55__ it’s making someone feel pretty only for a moment.
1.A. meal B. lunch 0C. tea D. breakfast
2.A. searching B. hoping C. looking D. waiting
3.A. so B. before C. after D. until
4.A. hidden B. stubborn C. focused D. sighted
5.A. falling in B. falling over C. falling out D. falling behind
6.A. easy B. good C. tough D. great
7.A. sank B. ached C. trust D. puzzled
8.A. idea B. view C. trouble D. pain
9.A. left B. deserted C. buried D. valued
10.A. dream B. hope C. energy D. wish
11.A. struck B. happened C. occurred D. hit
12.A. handed B. presented C. provided D. brought
13.A. told B. spoke C. read D. wrote
14.A. for B. on C. of D. with
15.A. tore B. lit C. cheered D. lifted
16.A. bill B. meal C. check D. share
17.A. explained B. informed C. warned D. reminded
18.A. knowing B. ignoring C. risking D. caring
19.A. what B. when C. why D. how
20.A. even though B. as though C. as if D. if only
--- Jack, you seem in high spirits.
--- ___________________ We won the match 4-0.
A. No wonder. B. So what? C. Guess what? D. I’m stuck.
You have been in a new school for months and have made new friends and met new teachers. Describe one of them who gives you the most unforgetable impression and using your experience ,explain why and how. Limit your writing to about 120 words.
Giving up smoking will most likely add seven years to one’s life. While many people try to give up and fail, it is not an impossible task. Follow these five tips, and you will be well on your way to giving up smoking.
71 . Success in all fields of life begins with firm determination. If you are weak in willpower, you can never do anything. However, if you make up your mind, once and for all, that you are giving up the habit, you have made the first step towards success.
72. If you sit around doing nothing, there is a higher chance that you will light up a cigarette and relax. Fill your spare time with sports and energetic activities. Try to feel how good it is to get your blood circulating and to breathe in air deeply. If you are not the athletic type, then walking will have the same benefit as other kinds of sports.
73. If going to a bar means that you are going to have a drink and then light up, maybe it is better to avoid that place for the time being. Once you have truly stopped smoking and you feel how good it is, you can go anywhere else But while you are in the transition phase, it is better to carefully choose where you will spend your spare time.
74. Whenever you get a desire to put a cigarette in your mouth, replace it with something that will help you rather than harm you. Drinking small amounts of water throughout the day is not only a good way to help you give up smoking, but it is also a great way to stay healthy. You should drink eight glasses of water per day, if you can. If you need to put something solid in your mouth, then have a piece of fruit in place
75. Tell people around you that you are giving up smoking for health reasons. They are likely to support you and not to offer you cigarettes. Your family and loved ones will similarly support your efforts and help you to avoid situations where you may feel you have to smoke because of social pressure.
|
A．Learn how to resist the temptation（诱惑） |
|
B．Do not make yourself less active |
|
C．Escape from social pressure |
|
D．Amuse yourself in proper places |
E. Get support from your friends and family
F. Promise not to smoke
G Drink more water instead of smoking a cigarette
Will it matter if you don’t take your breakfast?
Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast.
This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Opposite to what many people believe, if you don’t eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.
1.The results of the test show that ______
|
A．breakfast has great effect on work and studies. |
|
B．breakfast has much to do with people’s health. |
|
C．a person will work better if he has simple breakfast |
|
D．breakfast only affects those who work with their brains . |
2.According to the passage, many people think that if you don’t eat breakfast, you will____.
|
A．do your work badly |
B．eat too much for lunch |
|
C．gain weight |
D．lose weight |
3.We can infer from the passage that _____
|
A．one can work better with breakfast. |
|
B．morning diet will do good to your health. |
|
C．reducing lunch and supper will help lose weight. |
|
D．breakfast is more important than lunch and supper. |
