A new research has uncovered that culture is a determining factor when people interpret facial emotions (情感)．The study reveals that in cultures where emotional control is the standard，such as Japan，the focus is placed on the eyes to interpret emotions. Whereas in cultures where emotion is openly expressed，such as the United States，the focus is on the mouth to interpret emotions.
“These findings go against the popular theory that the facial expressions of basic emotions can be universally recognized，” said University of Alberta researcher Dr.Takahiko Masuda.” A person’s culture plays a very strong role in determining how he will read emotions and needs to be considered when interpreting the facial expressions.”
These cultural differences are even noticeable in computer emoticons(情感符号)，which are used to convey a writer’s emotions by email and text message. The Japanese emotions for happiness and sadness vary in terms of how the eyes are drawn ，while the American emotions vary with the direction of the mouth. In the United States the emoticons∶)and∶) show a happy face，whereas the emoticons∶(and∶(show a sad face. However，the Japanese tend to use the symbol (‘‘) to indicate a happy face，and (；；) to indicate a sad face.
“We think it is quite interesting and appropriate that culture tends to mask its emotions. The Japanese would focus on a person’s eyes when detecting his or her emotions，as eyes tend to be quite subtle(微妙的)，”said Masuda. “In the United States，where an open emotion is quite common，it makes sense to focus on the mouth，which is the most expressive feature on a person’s face.”
1.The text mainly tells us that ________.
A．cultural differences are expressed in emotions
B．culture is a key to interpreting facial emotions
C．different emoticons are preferred in different cultures
D．people from different cultures express emotions differently
2.Which emoticon is used by Americans to show a happy face?
A．(；；) B．∶)
C．∶( D．∶(
3.If a Japanese wants to detect whether a smile is true or false，he will probably________.
A．read the whole face B．focus on the mouth
C．look into the eyes D．judge by the voice
4.The computer emoticons used by Americans show that________.
A．they express their feelings openly
B．they tend to control their emotions
C．they are good at conveying their emotions
D．they use simpler emotions to show their feelings
Watson entered Mr. Smith’s office. The Boss was a hard man. He fired people who didn’t do well without giving them a second chance.
“Watson,” said Mr. Smith, “this past year your department hasn’t earned money. We’re going to drop that department. It’s finished. I’ m sorry, —but you’ll have to go.” “But, sir—if I just had a little more time. For the moment I need the job to keep my son at Riverside School.”
“What’s that!” said the Boss. “Riverside! I didn’t know you had a boy there. That’s an expensive school for a man with your salary.”
“I know, sir. But he likes it there so much! He’s a star trackman（田径运动员） and the best boxer in the school. The boys call him Champ（冠军） there.”
The Boss sat perfectly still for a long time—a faraway （恍惚的） look in his eyes. Then, suddenly, he said, “We’ve got to close your department, Watson. But you’ll take over a new job in another department. It means longer hours—maybe more pay. Now get out. You’re here for life.”
Watson got out, with surprise in his face. Then the Boss took a letter from the top drawer of his desk. It was Herbie’s last letter from Riverside School —written a few days before he died. He had read it over and over again with sick pain. The letter read: I can’t say the boys here are any nicer to me than the others were. I guess it’s the same everywhere when you’re a cripple (跛脚的人). But don’t worry about me, Dad. They’ve got a good chemistry department here. And there’s one boy here who is really great. He’s a track star and boxing champ and just tops in chemistry. The boys call him Champ. He made them stop throwing my books around. And he knocked a boy down who hit me. He is the best friend I ever had. Dad, when I grow up, I want to do something for Champ. Something big—that he won’t even know about.
Your son, Herbie
1.The underlined word “drop” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ________.
A. fall B. close C. punish D. sell
2. It can be inferred from the text that Champ is_______.
A. Watson’ s son B. Mr Smith’ s son
C. a teacher of Mr Smith’s son D. the son of Mr Smith’s friend
3.From the text we know that Herbie_______.
A. was a college student B. didn’t live to grow up
C. made friends with many boys D. died from a car accident
4.Watson was given a second chance because_______.
A. Mr Smith wanted to help Watson’s son
B. a man was needed in another department
C. Herbie told Mr Smith to do so in his letter
D. Mr Smith wanted to realize his son’s dream
I drove a school bus as a part-time job. Thirty-nine children all had stories to tell me about their summers. Charlie though __16__me. From the first day on Charlie was __17__. If a fight broke out I didn’t have to turn my __18__to know who had started it. If a girl was crying chances were that Charlie had __19__ her hair. No matter how I spoke to him gently or __20__ he wouldn’t say a word. He’d just __21__ me with those big gray eyes of his. One day I found a small tin heart (小锡心 )on the bus was gone. “Does anyone know __22__happened to the little heart here” I asked. Some children cried “Charlie __23__it Search him” When I asked him to come forward his gaze( 注视) __24__ my eyes. I stuck my hand into one of his pockets. Then I felt it—the __25__ outline(轮廓 )of the small tin heart. Charlie stared at me for a long time. There were no __26__ in those big gray eyes no plea( 恳求) for mercy. He seemed to be waiting for what he’d come to __27__ from the world. I was about to pull the tin heart out of Charlie’s pocket __28__I stopped myself. Let him keep it, I said “It must have fallen off before I got here.” Without a word Charlie __29__ to his seat. When he got off at his stop, he didn’t so much as glance at me. Several days later just that__30__ Charlie moved away… A dozen years after retirement we met in the street. To my __31__, he hugged me. After he let go, he pulled something from his pocket and held it up for me to see. An old key chain… bent out of __32__, the lettering faded (消褪). You __33__probably guess what it was—the little tin heart. “You were the only one who kept trying.” He explained. We __34__ again and went our separate ways. I am so __35__ I’d done a good job.
1.A. ignored B. feared C. greeted D. told
2.A. active B. troublesome C. independent D. noisy
3.A. position B. shoulder C. head D. attention
4.A. pulled B. cut C. stole D. played
5. A. secretly B. carefully C. proudly D. strictly
6.A. laugh at B. stare at C. depend on D. concentrate on
7.A. how B. why C. what D. who
8.A. did B. made C. wore D. said
9.A. turned into B. burned into C. stepped into D. flew into
10. A. shining B. hard C. strange D. familiar
11.A. tears B. puzzles C. hopes D. ways
12.A. plea B. ask C. expect D. disappoint
13.A. while B. when C. as D. if
14.A. came B. wanted C. intended D. returned
15.A. summer B. autumn C. spring D. winter
16.A. delight B. sadness C. surprise D. annoyance
17.A. shape B. date C. order D. fashion
18.A. need B. can C. must D. may
19.A. talked B. looked C. smiled D. hugged
20.A. happy B. sure C. lucky D. shocked
— I have a dream of being a pilot.
— ______ You are afraid of heights!
A. I couldn’t agree more. B. That’s a good point.
C. It sounds very nice. D. You can’t be serious.
An excellent musician can not only sing songs wonderfully but also ______ songs and even play several kinds of musical instruments.
A. direct B. compose C. perform D. act
Over the past decades, China _______ significantly under the correct leadership of the CPC, he said. The CPC's 18th National Congress will exert great influences on China's future and Africa highly expects of China's further growth.
A. changed B. is changing C. had changed D. has changed
