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Stephen William Hawking was born on Janu...

Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in North London, but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans. At eleven Stephen went to St. Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father’s old college. Stephen wanted to do math, although his father would have preferred medicine. Math was not available at University College, so he did physics instead. 

Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology (宇宙论). After gaining his Ph.D. (哲学博士)he became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973, Stephen came to the Department of Applied Math and Theoretical Physics (理论物理), and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of math.

Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws which rule the universe. With Roger Penrose he showed that Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes. These results show it was necessary to unify(统一)General Relativity with Quantum Theory (量子论). One result of such a unification that he discovered was that black holes should not be completely black, but should give off radiation and disappear in the end.

59. Which of the following is NOT suitable for describing Stephen Hawking?

A. He once studied at the same college that his father studied at.

B. At one time he did research in Cosmology in Oxford. 

C. He preferred math to medicine at college.

D. He contributed to the unification of General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Theory.

60. The underlined word “available” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.

A. able to be had              B. allowed to study   

C. easy to understand           D. limited to learn

61. Why did Stephen Hawking’s parents move to Oxford from North London?

A. Because they liked it better than North London.

B. Because there was a world-famous university there.

C. Because they were tired of living in North London.

D. Because it was safer to give birth to a baby in Oxford.

62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Einstein and Stephen Hawking

B. Big Bang, a great theory 

C. Stephen Hawking, a great British scientist

D. The unification of two theories

 

59-62 BADC 【解析】略
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OTTAWA — Canada’s western city of Calgary is the world’s best city when it comes to healthy living, local press reported Monday.

According to an international survey by Mercer Human Resource Consulting, a London-based consulting firm, Calgary was put at the top of a list of 144 cities. It scored 121 points, just above Honolulu’s score of 120. Helsinki(赫尔辛基,芬兰首都) and Ottawa followed at 119.5 and 118.5 respectively.

Three other Canadian cities came in the top 20. Montreal and Vancouver tied for ninth and Toronto came in at 18th.

The scores are based on air pollution levels, availability and quality of hospitals and medical supplies, as well as the efficiency of waste removal and sewage systems.

In America, the lowest scoring city was Atlanta, which was ranked 76th. Athens was the lowest scoring city in Western Europe, ranking 120th because of its air pollution. London was ranked 59th.

56. How many Canadian cities are in the top 20?

A. 3.            B. 4.     C. 5.        D. 6.

57. Which of the following is NOT taken into account when the cities were scored?

A. Weather conditions. B. Air quality.  

C. Waste removal.       D. Medical supplies.

58. Among the following cities, which is the lowest scoring one?

A. Atlanta.        B. Athens.       C. London.    D. Helsinki.

 

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Not so long ago, if you avoided drinking water during a workout(训练), you were considered tough. Today, most experts     36   , you would be considered unintelligent.

Even in you don’t sweat much or feel    37   and even if there is a nice breeze,    38     experts say drinking water- or something    39   is necessary before, during and after all warmer-weather   40  .

Only a few years ago, many coaches   41   players from drinking anything during the game----they thought it was   42   for them to rinse(漱口) their mouths,   43  swallowing anything might slow them down.

Now, there’s   44   plenty of water on the sidelines for athletes to drink. The National Hockey League even   45   goalkeepers to put water bottles on top of their nets.

These new practices   46  be lost on the recreation(消遣) athlete. Some   47  advise you to drink about two cups of water 15 minutes or so after you   48  exercising and the same amount every 15 minutes. In some types of exercises-running, for example-others encourage drinking a cup or two of water   49  the workout.

Don’t drink any more, experts say too much fluid makes   50 and exercise uncomfortable. In   51   continuous hot-weather exercise,   52   can sweat and breathe away 1.8 kilograms of   53   an hour.

Drinking water does two things: restore some   54   and allow you to keep sweating so the skin can be kept  55  . Doctors say drinking six or eight cups a day can help digestion.

36. A. discover                     B. suggest                     C. agree                       D. fear

37. A. thirsty                       B. hungry                     C. hot                          D. tired

38. A. labour                       B. children                   C. water                       D. exercise

39. A. else                          B. instead                           C. fresh                        D. tasteful

40. A. seasons                     B. lessons                     C. days                         D. activities

41. A. excused                           B. discouraged                    C. prevented                 D. saved

42. A. possible                           B. unnecessary              C. difficult                   D. right

43. A. but                                  B. then                         C. therefore                  D. though

44. A. seldom                     B. forever                     C. usually                     D. sometimes

45. A. allows                      B. promises                  C. forbids                     D. guides

46. A. couldn’t                           B. wouldn’t                  C. shouldn’t                  D. mustn’t

47. A. teachers                           B. parents                     C. players                     D. doctors

48. A. stop                           B. start                         C. give up                    D. begin with

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50. A. walking                           B. breathing                  C. swallowing              D. drinking

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55. A. warm                        B. strong                     C. cool                         D. safe

 

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