假设你是万州二中高三学生李华，星期天你要和你的同班同学李明一起去敬老院参加义务劳动，你去找他，但他没有在家 ，你给他留言说明要求，内容如下：
（1）9：30在学校门口集合；
（2）带劳动工具（洗衣粉、理发工具、除草工具等）；
（3）自带午饭，骑自行车前往。
注意：
（1）词数100左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文 连贯。
Dear Li Ming，
Dear Li Ming,
This Sunday we'll go to the nursing home and do some voluntary labor.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua
在答题卡上改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断.如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正.该行多一个词.把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。该行缺一个词.在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词.在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
Choose the name for a product is of course extremely 1.______
importance. Company or product names can have different 2.______
functions ：they can tell a consumer about the advantage of3._____
the product and company. A battery might be given a name long4._____
or last to tell customers that it lasts for a long time. Whether 5._____
a company choose funny or unusual name, customers 6.______
will remember the name well. Some companies prefer 7.______
a well-known word, while others choose names at 8.______
old stories or legends. There is also companies 9..______
where invent new words for their brand or product names. 10.______
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.
An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as "beri-beri", which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ (病菌) . He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain, it was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients' plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.
Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice (糙米) somehow prevented or cured beri-beri--even that a lack of some ingredient (成分) in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
1.What does the underlined word restricted mean?
A. balanced B. limited C. diverse D. complex
2.What do we know about the disease beri-beri?
A. It killed large numbers of people.
B. It resulted from lack of vitamins.
C. It was transmitted by milled rice.
D. It was caused by diseased chickens.
3.The ingredient missing from milled rice .
A. was vitamin B B. did not affect the chickens
C. did not result in beri-beri D. was named the Eijkman vitamin
4.What can be the best title of the passage?
A. A Good Mixed Diet B. The New Discovery of Eijkman
C. The Dangers of Beri-beri D. The Importance of Vitamins
You may picture firefighters holding a hose （水管） outside of a burning building，but the Golden Eagles Hotshots don't fight fires quite that way．When they go into action，you may not even see a fire truck．
The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wilderness areas．But don't think you'll only find them in California．Wherever there is a national wildfire emergency，the Golden Eagles Hotshots could be there．
But these firefighters don't work the same way as those in big cities．They work where there are large numbers of trees，bushes，and grass．They climb up and down steep hills to clear brush and burnable debris （残骸）．They sometimes use water，but often fight fire with fire！
They do that by lighting what are called “backfires” ---- small，controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of larger wildfires．That way, when the wildfire gets there, it has nothing to burn and nowhere to go，because all the burnable fuel has already gone up in smoke．
The Hotshots also clear away fuel using old-fashioned hard work．For example，they use a saw to cut away trees and heavy brush that could catch fire．
Of course there are times when the Golden Eagles Hotshots do have trucks to supply water to the fires．But the water is limited，and these guys have to rely on hard work more than anything．Physical fitness is very important．They have to be strong to handle steep hills while carrying a 60pound pack．
Thanks to their efforts，many lives have been saved，many houses not burned，and countless trees still standing．
1.According to the passage，why do the firefighters light “backfires”？
A．To signal for help． B．To remove obstacles．
C．To protect trees and bushes． D．To prevent the fire from spreading．
2.What can we learn about the Golden Eagles Hotshots？
A．They are firefighters working in big cities．
B．Their work requires physical strength．
C．They are working for free．
D．They usually hold a hose to put out the fires．
3.All of the following can reflect that the Golden Eagles Hotshots are special EXCEPT their working ．
A. areas B. ways C. achievements D. tools
4.What is the author's attitude towards the Golden Eagles Hotshots？
A．Appreciative． B．Doubtful． C．Worried． D．Critical．
When middle-aged Alex gave up his job and made up his mind to become a self-employed writer, no one could tell surely whether he would succeed or not．He found a cold storage room in a building, set up a used typewriter and settled down to work．
After a year or so, however, Alex began to doubt himself．He found it was difficult to earn his living by selling what he wrote．But Alex determined to put his dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure．This is the shadow land （虚幻世界） of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there．
One day Alex got a call, "We need an assistant, and we're paying $ 6,000 a year．" $ 6,000 was real money in 1960．It would enable Alex to get a nice apartment, a used car and more．Besides, he could write in his spare time．As the dollars were dancing in Alex's head, something cleared his senses．He had dreamed of being a fulltime writer．"Thanks, but no," Alex said firmly and swiftly.
After Alex got off the phone, he pulled out everything he had: two cans of vegetables and 18 cents．Alex put the cans and cents into a paper bag, saying to himself," There's everything you've made of yourself so far．I'm not sure I ever felt so low．"
Finally his work was published in 1970．Instantly he had the kind of fame and success that few writers ever experience．The shadows had turned into focus of attention．
Then one day, Alex found a box filled with things he had owned years before．Inside was a paper bag with two cans and 18 cents．Suddenly he pictured himself working in that cold storage room．It reminds Alex, and anyone with a dream, of the courage and persistence （坚毅） it takes to stay the course (坚持到底)in the shadow land．
1.Why did Alex give up his job?
A．Because he didn't like the working conditions．
B．Because he couldn't earn enough to make a living．
C．Because he felt he had no potential in his job．
D．Because he wanted to be a full-time writer．
2.What did Alex express when he answered the call?
A．He refused the job offer．
B．He was willing to give them a hand．
C．He expected them to pay him more money．
D．He would write in his spare time．
3.What kind of person is Alex?
A．Determined． B．Modest． C．Shy． D．Brave．
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage ?
A．Look before you leap． B．Two heads are better, than one．
C．Hold on to your dream, and it will come true． D．A bird in hand is worth two in the bush．
A newly-published study has shown that loneliness can spread from one person to another, like a disease.
Researchers used information from the Framingham Study, which began in 1948. The Framingham Study gathers information about physical and mental health, personal behavior and diet. At first, the study involved about 5,000 people in the American state of Massachusetts. Now, more than 12,000 individuals are taking part.
Information from the Framingham Study showed earlier that happiness can spread from person to person. So can behaviors like littering and the ability to stop smoking.
University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo led the recent study. He and other researchers attempted to show how often people felt lonely. They found that the feeling of loneliness spread through social groups.
Having a social connection with a lonely person increased the chances that another individual would feel lonely. In fact, a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. A friend of that person was 25% more likely. The researchers say this shows that a person could indirectly be affected by someone’s loneliness.
The effect was strongest among friends. Neighbors were the second most affected group. The effect was weaker on husbands and wives, and brothers and sisters. The researchers also found that loneliness spread more easily among women than men.
The New York Times newspaper reports that, on average, people experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. It also found that every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five percent, or two and a half fewer lonely days.
Loneliness has been linked to health problems like depression and sleeping difficulties. The researchers believe that knowing the causes of loneliness could help in reducing it.
The study suggests that people can take steps to stop the spread of loneliness. They can do this by helping individuals they know who may be experiencing loneliness. The result can be helpful to the whole social group.
1.From the passage, we can learn that .
A. the habit of littering doesn’t spread
B. a lonely person won’t have friends
C. everyone may be affected by others’ loneliness
D. lonely people don’t know the cause of their loneliness
2.Which statement about the spread of loneliness is true?
A. The spreading effect was the second strongest among friends.
B. No spreading effect was found on husbands and wives.
C. Women are more likely to be affected than men.
D. Brothers are more easily affected than neighbors.
3. If you make 10 more friends in a year, the days of your feeling loneliness will be reduced by .
A. 48 days B. 25 days C. 20 days D. 15 days
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Actions should be taken to help lonely people. B. People feel lonely for many reasons.
C. Ways to fight against loneliness. D. Lonely people can affect others.
