Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1. 01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78.
The influence is obvious.
In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.
Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.”
That’s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for today’s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
1.The text is mainly about___________.
A. the price of cigarettes B. tie rate of teen smoking
C. the effect of tobacco tax increase D. the differences in tobacco tax rate
2.What does the author think is a surprise?
A. Teen smokers are price sensitive.
B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.
C. Tobacco taxes improve public health.
D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.
3.The underlined word "deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means .
A. discarding B. remove C. benefit D. free
4.Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of .
A. tolerance B. unconcern C. doubt D. sympathy
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.
B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.
C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.
D. Adults will depend more on their families.
“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoter. The re they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary? Understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA（Food Drug Administration）can require proof （证明）under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that safe and effective before it is put on the market . But if the product is a device, FDA. has no author to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the marker danger to health, FDA. can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the a voluntarily, or it can take legal action ,including seizure （查封） of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the ## through contact pads. FDA. took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the ## the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.
Olwionsly, most of the devices on the maker never been the subject of court proceedings （法律诉讼）,and new devices appear continually, Before buying, it is up to the consumer to the safety or effectiveness of such items.
1.It can be inferred that ads mentioned in the text are ______.
A. objective B. costly C. unreliable D. illegal
2.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The court is in charge of removing dangerous product.
B. New products are more likely to be questionable.
C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D. The promoters usually just care about profits.
3.FDA. can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product ________.
A. if it is a drug
B. if it is a device
C. if its consumers make complaints
D. if its distributors challenge FDA’s authority
4.The Relaxacisor is mentioned as_______.
A. a product which was designed to produce electricity
B. a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case
C. a successful advertisement of a beauty product
D. an example of a quality beauty product
5.The author intends to __________
A. make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promises
B. show the weakness of the law on product safety
C. give advice on how to keep young and beautiful
D. introduce the organization of FDA.
A. year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift—＄7,000，a legacy （遗产） form their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accident . “It really made a difference when we were going under financially.” says Dave.
But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Doxens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity. In some cases, it was a few thousand dollars ; in other, it was more than ＄100,000.
It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than ＄3 million—they were am elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm .
Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving, They thrived own （喜欢） comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase .
Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked you needed anything,” says their friend Sand Van Weelden, “They could see things they could do go make you happier, and they would do them.
Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy—a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cent —should enrich the whole community （社区） and Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story .
Neighbors helping neighbors ——that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story.
1.According go the text, the Fusses
A. were employed by a truck company B. were in financial difficulty
C. worked in a school cafeteria D. lost their home
2.Which of the following is true of the Hatches?
A. They had their children during the Great Deoression
B. They left the family farm to live in an old house
C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors
D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs
3.Why would the Hatches routinely go from store?
A. They decided to open a store B. They wanted to save money
C. They couldn’t afford expensive things D. They wanted to buy gifts for local kids
4.According to Sand Van Weelden, the Hatches were
A. understanding B. optimistic C. childlike D. curious
5.What can we learn from the text?
A. The community of Alto was poor
B. The summer camp was attractive to the parents
C. Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy form the Hatches
D. The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more __1__wthting for the final school bell. Upon its _2____everyone would run for their coats and go hone, everyone except David
David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often _3___what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so __4__for the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves. But something made David __5__I can still remember he was always __6____a smile and willing to help. He always __7__after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much He__8___just smile and ask what else he could do ,then thank me for letting him stay and slowly__9___home
Weeks passed and the __10___ovre the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of__11__before the holiday break. I smiled in ___12_as the last of them hurried out the door. Turning around I saw David ___13___standing by my desk.
“I have something for you” he said ____14____from behind his back a small box. __15___it to me, he said anxiously. “Open it “I took the box from him, thanked him and slowly unwrapped it. I lift the lid and to my __16__saw nothing I looked at David‘s smiling face add back into the box and said. “The box is nice, David, but it’ s__17__”
“Oh no it isn’t” said David “It’s full of love, my mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn’t see or touch unless you know it’s there”
Tears filled my eyes ___18___Iooked at the proud dirty race that I had rarely given____19___to. After that Christmas, David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning ___20___the little empty box set on my desk
1.A. anxious B. courageous C. serious D. cautious
2.A. warning B. ringing C. calling D. yelling
3.A. scolded B. wondered C. realized D. learned
4.A. modestly B. naturally C. inaccurately D. inappropriately
5.A. popular B. upset C. special D. funny
6.A. expressing B. delivering C. wearing D. sharing
7.A. practised B. wandered C. studied D. stayed
8.A. would B. should C. might D. could
9.A. aim at B. turn to C. put off D. head for
10.A. argument B. excitement C. movement D. program
11.A. school B. year C. education D. program
12.A. relief B. return C. vain D. control
13.A. weakly B. sadly C. quietly D. helplessly
14.A. searched B. found C. raised D. pulled
15.A. Holding B. Handing C. Sending D. Leaving
16.A. delight B. expectation C. appreciation D. surprise
17.A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper
18.A. as B. until C. because D. though
19.A. advice B. support C. attention D. command
20.A. from B. behind C. over D. towards
Mary and I see each other ________, but not as often as we used to.
A. sooner or later B. once in a while C. in the end D. more or less
I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______.
A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened
