Question

A) 阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

In our culture, the ability to make one’s own decision is important. John F. Kennedy’s quote “Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought.” shows an unpleasant truth.

Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others, and we often accept this information without spending much time thinking it over for ourselves.

In today’s world, we are being presented with information, ideas and beliefs, but many of them are against each other. Psychology(心理学) tells us that if we hear an idea enough times, or it comes from someone we respect, it is probable that we believe that idea. In these cases, we base our opinions on the opinions of others. If each of us does not think about this information for ourselves and come to our own conclusions, we will become nothing more than parrots quoting the opinions of others.

Examples of spreading fake news without thought can be seen on the Internet. Some people believe anything that they read and then share the story without thinking about the facts. All it takes is one quick click of the “share” button, and the story travels on its way to affect even more unthinking readers. This can cause serious problems.

If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear, and form our own opinions, we will be more thoughtful, more independent, and more creative people, but few take that time. Yet we need not lose heart over this bad habit. In fact, simply realizing it is the first step towards correcting it. Once we realize that we tend to hold opinions and beliefs without thinking them through, we can change that pattern of behavior. Hopefully, we can learn to think for ourselves and form our own opinions.

Title: Enjoy the discomfort of 1.
The fact	◆ We often accept others’ opinions 2. of thinking for ourselves.
Findings	◆ Lots of information, ideas and beliefs are quite 3. from each other ◆ We4. believe an idea because we hear it a lot or we trust the person who says it. ◆ In these cases, we are like parrots with our opinions5.on others’ opinions.
Examples	◆ Some people believe 6. comes from the Internet without  thought. ◆ People click the button and7. the fake news with others. ◆ The fake news has a bad 8. on more unthinking readers. ◆ Serious problems will be caused because of this behavior.
Way out	◆ 9. we can stop to think and become better thinkers, few people give it a try. ◆ Being 10. of the bad habit of thinking can help correct it. ◆ It is hoped that we can enjoy thinking for ourselves and have our own opinions.

Answer

1.thought

2.instead

3.different

4.probably

5.based

6.whatever

7.share

8.influence

9.Although

10.aware

【解析】

短文大意：本文讨论了在当今社会一个人具有自己的观点、培养独立思考意识的重要性。

1.句意：享受思考的不适感。

考查文意理解。根据肯尼迪的话“Too often we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought. 我们常常享受意见带来的舒适，却没有思考带来的不适”，结合主题句“Hopefully, we can learn to think for ourselves and form our own opinions希望我们能学会独立思考，形成自己的观点”，可知短文建议人们多花时间去思考，故填thought。

2.句意：我们常常接受别人的意见而不是自己思考。

考查句意理解。instead of代替，后接动名词；根据第二段“Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others, and we often accept this information without spending much time thinking it over for ourselves我们所知道和相信的很多东西都是别人教给我们的，我们经常接受这些信息，却没有花很多时间去思考”，可知我们常常接受别人的意见而不是自己思考，故填instead。

3.句意：很多信息、想法和信仰都是不同的。

考查句意理解。different from不同于；根据“In today’s world, we are being presented with information, ideas and beliefs, but many of them are against each other在今天的世界里，我们面对的是信息、思想和信仰，但其中许多是相互对立的”，可知我们每天面对的那些信息、思想和信仰许多是不一样的，故填different。

4.句意：我们之所以相信一个想法，可能是因为我们听过很多次，或者我们相信说这话的人。

考查词性转换。believe相信，动词需用副词修饰；根据“if we hear an idea enough times, or it comes from someone we respect, it is probable that we believe that idea如果一个想法我们听了足够多次，或者它来自我们尊敬的人，我们很可能会相信这个想法”，可知填probably。

5.句意：在这种情况下，我们就像鹦鹉一样，根据别人的观点来判断自己的观点。

考查句意理解。base on建立在……基础上；根据“In these cases, we base our opinions on the opinions of others在这种情况下，我们的观点是建立在别人的观点之上的”，结合下文以鹦鹉设喻，可知填based。

6.句意：有些人不假思索地相信任何来自互联网的东西。

考查句意理解。文中“Some people believe anything that they read有些人相信他们读到的任何东西”是定语从句，先行词anything（任何东西）是不定代词，关系词用that；在名词性从句中，anything that相当于whatever。本句是宾语从句，缺引导词；根据句意结构，可知填whatever。

7.句意：人们点击按钮，与他人分享假新闻。

考查句意理解。share with与……共享；and连接两个并列的动作，根据“All it takes is one quick click of the “share” button, and the story travels on its way to affect even more unthinking readers只需快速点击分享按钮，故事就会继续传播，影响更多不加思考的读者”，可知填share。

8.句意：假新闻对那些没有头脑的读者有不良影响。

考查句意理解。bad不好的，形容词修饰名词；根据“the story travels on its way to affect even more unthinking readers故事继续传播，影响更多不加思考的读者”，可知是坏影响，故填influence。

9.句意：虽然我们可以停下来思考，成为更好的思考者，但很少有人去尝试。

考查句意理解。本句是让步状语从句，根据“If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear, and form our own opinions, we will be more thoughtful, more independent, and more creative people, but few take that time如果我们停下来思考一下我们读到的和听到的，并形成我们自己的观点，我们会变得更有思想，更独立，更有创造力，但是很少有人会花时间去思考”，结合本句句意，可知填Although。

10.句意：意识到不好的思维习惯有助于改正。

考查句意理解。aware of意识到；本句缺主语，根据最后一段“simply realizing it is the first step towards correcting it简单地认识到这一点是纠正它的第一步”，可知填aware。