Question

    Your parents might have told you that you'd go blind from reading in the dark, but you could make up for it by eating a lot of carrots.This is just one of the wrong ideas you may have heard of.Here are scientific explanations for three mistakes people often make about our eyes

Can eating carrots improve your eyesight(视力)?

Carrots are rich in Vitamin A, which is essential for our eyes.Vitamin A helps people to see in low light conditions.However, eating more carrots doesn’t help you see better.A certain number of carrots will help, but a large number of carrots will not make you get rid of(摆脱) your glasses.

If your parents have bad eyesight, will you have bad eyesight, too?

Myopia(近视) can be inherited(经遗传得到) from parents.A study found that if both parents have myopia, there is a 33 to 60 percent chance that the child has.For children who have one parent with myopia, the chance is 23 to 40 percent, and it is down to 6 to 15 percent for kids with non-myopia parents.So no matter how bad your parents’ eyesight is, you will have a chance of having good eyesight.

Is it true that people who are color-blind can't see colors?

Color blindness doesn’t mean that someone can’t see colors at all.It means that some has difficulty seeing differences in certain colors, usually green and red or blue and yellow.Color blindness is usually a condition caused by not having cone cells(视锥细胞) or having the cells that don't work.There are different levels of color blindness. Some people cannot tell the differences between colors when light isn’t bright, while others have difficulty in any light.

1.Which of the following is the right idea about eating carrots?

A.Eating carrots doesn't help people see better.

B.People need to eat as many carrots as possible.

C.A certain number of carrots are enough for eyes.

D.Only people who have bad eyesight need to eat carrots.

2.The underlined word “essential” in the passage means “__________”in Chinese.

A.难以获取的 B.稍有影响的 C.极其罕见的 D.必不可少的

3.What can we learn according to the passage?

A.Children may inherit myopia from their parents.

B.Kids with non-myopia parents won't have myopia.

C.A kid has a 50% chance of having myopia if his or her father has myopia.

D.Kids with short-sighted parents won't have good eyesight.

4.What can we know about color blindness from the passage?

A.Having no cone well may cause color blindness.

B.People who are color-blind cannot see colors at all.

C.Those who can't tell green from red are not really color-blind.

D.Most people who are color-blind can only see black and white.

5.What's the best title for the passage?

A.Advice on staying away form myopia.

B.Reasons for bad eyesight and color blindness.

C.Explanations for some wrong ideas about eyes.

D.Medical information about improving your eyesight.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.A

5.C

【解析】

文章大意：文章主要对三个保护眼睛的错误认识进行了澄清。分别是多吃胡萝卜不能治疗近视；近视会遗传，但无论父母是否近视，孩子都有可能近视；色盲的人不是看不到颜色。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、三行“A certain number of carrots will help, but a large number of carrots will not make you get rid of(摆脱) your glasses”“一定数量的胡萝卜会有帮助，但大量的胡萝卜不会使你摆脱你的眼镜。”故选C。

2.词句猜测题。根据文章第三段第一、二行“Vitamin A helps people to see in low light conditions”“维生素A有助于人们在光线不足的情况下看东西”可推知，essential的意思是必不可少的，故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一、二行“A study found that if both parents have myopia, there is a 33 to 60 percent chance that the child has”“一项研究发现，如果父母双方都患有近视，那么孩子患近视的几率为33%到60%”可知，A说法是正确的；根据文章第五段倒数第二、三行“it is down to 6 to 15 percent for kids with non-myopia parents”“对于父母非近视的孩子来说，这个比例降到了6%到15%”可知，B说法是错误的；根据文章第五段第二、三行“For children who have one parent with myopia, the chance is 23 to 40 percent”“对于单亲患有近视的孩子，几率是23%到40%”可知，C说法是错误的；根据文章第五段倒数第一、二行“So no matter how bad your parents’ eyesight is, you will have a chance of having good eyesight”“所以不管你父母的视力有多差，你都有机会拥有好视力”，可知，D说法是错误的，故选A。

4.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第一段的第二、三、四行“Color blindness is usually a condition caused by not having cone cells(视锥细胞) or having the cells that don't work”“色盲通常是由于没有锥形细胞或细胞不起作用而引起的”，可知，A说法是正确的；根据文章最后一段第一行“Color blindness doesn’t mean that someone can’t see colors at all”“色盲并不意味着某人根本看不到颜色”可知，B说法是错误的；根据文章最后一段第一、二行“It means that some has difficulty seeing differences in certain colors, usually green and red or blue and yellow”“这意味着有些人很难看到某些颜色的差异，通常是绿色和红色或蓝色和黄色”可知，C说法是错误的；根据文章第五段倒数第一、二行“There are different levels of ……difficulty in any light”“色盲有不同程度。有些人在光线不亮的时候无法分辨颜色的差别，而另一些人在任何光线下都有困难”可知，D说法是错误的，故选A。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要是对三个保护眼睛的错误认识进行了澄清，故选C。