Question

When you cut your skin, you bleed (流血). If a person loses a lot of blood (血液), he will become ill and may die. Blood is very important. People have always known that. At one time, some people even drank blood to make them strong!

When doctors understand how blood goes around inside the body, they try ways of giving blood to people who need it. They take blood from healthy people and give it to people who need it. This is called "blood transfusion" (输血). The blood goes from the arm of a healthy person into the arm of a sick person.

But there are two problems. First, it does not always work. Sometimes people die when they have blood transfusion. Later, doctors find that we do not all have the same kind of blood. There are four groups---O, A, B and AB. We all have blood of one of these groups. They also find that they can give any kind of blood to people of group AB. But they find that they can only give A-group blood to A-group people and B-group blood to B-group people. I have O-group blood and the doctor told me that I could give blood to anyone else safely.

There is another problem. To give blood of the right kind, doctors have to find a person of the right blood group. Often they can not find a person in time. If they have a way to keep the blood until someone needs it, they can always have the right kind of blood available. At first they find they can keep it in bottles for fifteen to twenty days. They do this by making it very cold. Then they find how to keep it longer. In the end they find a way of keeping blood for a very long time. We call a place where we keep money a "bank".

We call a place where we keep blood a "blood bank". One day, when you grow up, you may decide to give blood to a "blood bank". In this way you may stop someone from dying. Or perhaps one day you may become ill. You may need blood. The "blood bank" will give it to you in time.

1.From the passage, we learn that sometimes people die when they have blood transfusions because they ________.

A. are unhealthy people    B. have lost a lot of blood

C. are not given the right kind of blood    D. are AB-group people

2.Which of the following is true?

A. Doctors can give any kind of blood to the writer.

B. The writer can give blood to any other people safely.

C. The writer has never had a blood transfusion

D. The writer has the same kind of blood as his father.

3.People set up (建立) the "blood bank" so that they can ________.

A. give the right kind of blood to the people who need it in time

B. keep different groups of blood as much as possible

C. make it easier to sell or buy blood

D. keep blood for more than twenty hundred years

4.From the last paragraph of the passage, we learn that ________.

A. the writer thinks it's good to give blood to a "blood bank"

B. we may become ill if we give blood to a "blood bank"

C. many people died because they lost a lot of blood

D. blood is more important than money

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.A

【解析】这篇短文主要讲述血在我们的生命中重要的东西，人失血太多有可能失去生命，献血既可以救人又可以在自己需要时使用，所以献血对自己是有好处的。

1.推理判断题。根据短文第三段Later, doctors find that we do not all have the same kind of blood.描述，可知我们的血型不是都一样。可以推理输血后死亡是由于血型错误。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据I have O-group blood and the doctor told me that I could give blood to anyone else safely.可知，O型血的人可以和任何人输血。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段及短文Often they can not find a person in time. If they have a way to keep the blood until someone needs it，可知是储存血液，为了需要时可以使用。故选A。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段In this way you may stop someone from dying. Or perhaps one day you may become ill. You may need blood. The "blood bank" will give it to you.可知，献血既可以救人又可以在自己需要时使用，所以献血对自己是有好处的，故选A。

点睛：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。1题是根据短文的内容推出更深层意思。